Which poet advocates that "articles should be written in time and poems should be written for things"?

This sentence was put forward by Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, and it is Bai Juyi's theory about poetry creation. Literally, writing articles must conform to current events and the current social situation, and poetry creation should also be based on the actual situation. This sentence comes from Bai Juyi's Yu Yuan Jiu. At that time, he was an advocate of the new Yuefu movement, hoping that the writing of the broad masses of literati should be based on reality.

According to relevant historical records, Du Fu was a pioneer of the New Yuefu Movement, and he wrote many poems describing people's sufferings in his life. Later, during the "Bai Yuan" period, the new Yuefu movement was also pushed to a climax. The background of the New Yuefu Movement is that the Tang Dynasty just ended the Anshi Rebellion, which is also the turning point of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline. The society was in turmoil at that time. On the one hand, the separatist regime in the buffer region is serious, the society is chaotic, and many people are displaced. On the other hand, the exploitation of the ruling class has increased, and the ruling class has increased taxes on ordinary people, and the oppression has become more serious.

In such a social environment, some people of insight have begun to have a clear understanding of the current social disadvantages, so they hope that the ruling class can improve politics, introduce policies to benefit the people, and care about the sufferings of the people, thus alleviating the current social contradictions. Therefore, these advocates of the new Yuefu movement began to publish some realistic poems and speeches, especially Bai Juyi's proposal that writing poems and articles should be "for the monarch, for the people, for the minister and for the cause", not just for writing. Poetry should pay attention to the current social situation and have a certain degree of documentary, rather than simply describing some illusory things, quiet years and moans all day long.

Therefore, Bai Juyi advocated that "articles should be written in time and poems should be written for things", which also laid the foundation for the development of realistic poetry later. His later articles also carried this theory to the end, describing all aspects of social life in the middle Tang Dynasty and exposing social contradictions at that time from all angles.