People's education edition third grade Chinese must test knowledge points.
Narrative sequence and its function
(1) Time sequence (according to the sequence of events)
Function: The narrative has a beginning and an end, which is clear, clear and impressive to read.
(2) Flashback (write the results first, and then explain what happened before. )
Function: arouse suspense, attract readers, avoid dull narration and enhance the vividness of the article.
(3) insert (interrupt the clue when telling, and insert another related thing. )
Function: complement and set off the plot, enrich the image and highlight the center.
Rhetoric methods and functions
(1) Metaphor: describe things vividly and concisely, and explain the truth.
(2) personification: endowing things with human character, thoughts, feelings and actions, and personalizing things, so as to achieve vivid images.
(3) Exaggeration: highlight the characteristics, reveal the essence, and give readers a clear and strong impression.
(4) Parallelism: the organization is clear, the rhythm is distinct, the language potential is enhanced, and it is longer than lyric.
(5) Duality: the form is neat, the phonology is harmonious, and they set off each other and complement each other.
(6) Repetition: emphasizing a certain meaning, strong lyricism and appeal.
(7) Question: Ask yourself and answer yourself, attract attention and inspire thinking.
(8) rhetorical question: clear attitude, strong tone and strong lyricism.
Ninth grade Chinese knowledge points
First of all, two poems
1, Tian Tian (19 16- 1985), a poet. Anhui is nothing. 1934 Join the Left Alliance. Later editor-in-chief of monthly poetry. From 65438 to 0938, he joined China Producer Party in Yan 'an, and served as the president of New Masses magazine. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as deputy director of the creative department of the Chinese Writers Association and chairman of the Hebei Federation of Literary and Art Circles.
There are long poems in the field, such as Rong Guanxiu, For Soldiers and Song of Ma Touqin.
2, Zhao Hu, Manchu Hohhot Hari, Jilin Shulan. ** * party member. Published works 65438 to 0949. 65438-0956 Join the Chinese Writers Association.
Zhao Hu's works are:
Poems such as Brilliant Nebula, Little Birch Tree, Journey of Life, From Dawn to Dusk, Night Scene of Grassland, Journey of Life,
Prose collections such as Green Memory, Memories and Blessings.
Second, the motherland, my dear motherland.
There are only thirty-four lines in this poem, but ten semicolons are used. The clauses in these semicolons have a short duration, which reflects the changes of rhythm and melody.
This poem is political, but it is not discussed, but only described, which is also a feature. All the symbols and metaphors in the poem are simple and beautiful, and every word is closely related to the scenery and images described. The poet not only observes with his own national elements, but also writes the spiritual essence and typical tone of people's inner life and outer life with national language means and expressions that people can understand. What she feels and says is exactly what her compatriots feel and say.
Third, I use my damaged palm.
The poet divides the specific content of this "touching" into two parts by contrast:
The upper part is the land ravaged by the Japanese invaders and burned to ashes, full of blood and mud;
The lower part is a distant corner, warm, bright and full of vitality, still intact. The juxtaposition of these two parts just constitutes a horizontal contrast.
The poet used two sets of pen and ink to contrast before and after, rendering two different warm and cold tones, which gave readers a strong stimulus. The poet's hatred for the enemy and his love for the motherland are naturally revealed.
Fourth, the land of China.
Praising the motherland and the people is an important and ancient theme, which can be accommodated in a lyric poem of twelve lines, and it is extremely difficult to turn the old into the new, which requires high artistic skills. The poet made progress despite difficulties, worked hard to create and worked tirelessly, and finally cultivated a unique flower of the soul on this fertile land of feelings.
The work begins with the "magic" of this land in China-"Acacia Burial". All China people, whether living in their native land for a long time or traveling abroad, will always miss this land. The reason that affects China people's lovesickness is that it has magnificent mountains and rivers, vast fertile soil, long culture, rich products and long coastline ... This is the birthplace of the Chinese nation and the place where they display their talents. Rhododendron, Three Gorges, goddess peak, permafrost, coconut grove, waves. These details can be regarded as realistic or freehand brushwork, which summarizes the history of China. Seemingly casual, in fact, after careful selection, it is rich in connotation and fascinating. As the saying goes, "faithful new poems fall into pearls."
Summary of Chinese review materials for grade three 202 1
First, the basic knowledge
1. Reviewing and applying phonetics knowledge can identify the pronunciation of words and judge the correctness of phonetic notation according to spelling rules.
2. Use common punctuation correctly, and understand the usage of punctuation in combination with the context, especially the functions of semicolons, quotation marks, ellipsis and dashes.
3. For the words specified in the teaching objectives, you should be able to read, write and compose words. Knowing the structure of pictophonetic characters, we can point out the shape and sound of general pictophonetic characters. Can distinguish common homophones from similar words; When writing, the strokes should be clear, the font should be standardized, and typos should not be written. Master the sound, form and meaning of commonly used words; In particular, we should understand the meaning of disyllabic words in different words.
4. Understand and master the words specified in the basic course, so that you can read, write and use. Will distinguish some synonyms and antonyms. Be able to understand the meaning of polysemous words in a specific language environment. Understand the emotional color of words and distinguish between commendatory words and derogatory words.
5. Understand the classification of words: notional words: nouns, verbs, adjectives, numerals, quantifiers, pronouns and function words: adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliary words, exclamations and onomatopoeias. Understand the phrase structure: coordinate phrase, radical phrase, verb-object phrase, supplementary phrase (verb-complement phrase, form-complement phrase) and subject-predicate phrase. Understand the six components of a simple sentence: subject, predicate, object, attribute, adverbial and complement. Understand the main types of complex sentences: coordinate complex sentences, progressive complex sentences, selective complex sentences, turning complex sentences, causal complex sentences, hypothetical complex sentences and conditional complex sentences. Understand the commonly used related words.
6. Understanding rhetorical methods such as metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, repetition and rhetorical questions can distinguish rhetorical methods used in specific contexts. Understand common sentence patterns (declarative sentences, interrogative sentences, imperative sentences, exclamatory sentences; Affirmative sentences; Negative sentences; Active sentences, passive sentences and their functions. Understand several forms of sentence conversion (conversion between declarative sentences and interrogative sentences; The conversion between affirmative sentences and negative sentences; The conversion of active sentences and passive sentences can be based on the needs of language environment and expression. Understand that the use of language should be concise, coherent and appropriate.
7. Stylistic knowledge should understand the general knowledge of narrative: narrative elements (time, place, characters, cause, process and result of things), narrative order (sequence, flashback and insertion), narrative center and materials (first person, second person and third person), and narrative details (detail writing and abbreviation). Explanatory knowledge: explain the object and its characteristics (explain the characteristics of things, explain the essence of things), explain the hierarchy (total score, juxtaposition, hierarchical structure and the order of time, space and logic), and explain the methods (definition, classification, example, comparison, metaphor, numbering, drawing charts, etc.). ). Understand the general knowledge of argumentative writing: arguments (central arguments and sub-arguments), arguments (factual arguments and rational arguments), the relationship between arguments, argumentation methods (examples, quotations, comparative arguments and figurative arguments), argumentation methods (arguments and refutations) and the structure of argumentative writing (introduction, theory and conclusion).
8. Literature knowledge should understand the common sense of novels: the general characteristics of novels, the classification of novels (novels, novellas, short stories), and the elements of novels (characters, storylines, environmental descriptions-social environment and natural environment descriptions). The method of creating characters in novels (positive description: appearance, language, action, psychology, profile description). Understand the common sense of prose: the classification of prose (narrative prose, lyric prose), and reveal the unique way of prose center (expressing one's ambition by supporting things, expressing feelings by borrowing scenery, etc.). ), and understand the clues of prose (people, things, feelings, scenery, time, place, etc. ). Understand the common sense of poetry: the classification and basic characteristics of poetry. Understand the common sense of drama: the classification of drama (drama, opera, ballet; One-act drama, full-length drama; Historical drama and modern drama; Tragedy, comedy, drama) Understand the important writers and works involved in the basic text.
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