The memory of ancient poetry is generally the memory of ancient people and things.
Poetry about history often distorts historical facts and reality, or regrets personal experience or criticizes social reality. For example, Su Shi's Niannujiao. "Red Cliff Nostalgia" lamented his personal experience, the contradiction between ideal and reality, and achieved nothing over half a year. Xin Qiji's Forever Happiness. "Looking Back at the Gubei Pavilion in Jingkou" expressed his dissatisfaction with the court's drag out an ignoble existence and attacked the social reality.
There are also poems about history, which only reflect and evaluate history calmly and rationally, or just describe it objectively. The poet's own experience is not among them, and the poet's feelings are just the sound outside the painting. For example, Liu Yuxi's Wuyi Lane compares the past and the present, expressing the poet's sense of historical vicissitudes.
The appreciation of epic poems should first understand historical facts and allusions, then understand intentions and feelings, and finally taste techniques.
1. Form tag:
There are monuments and ancient names in the title, or "Yong" is the front, or "nostalgia for the past" and "eternal nostalgia" are the back.
Second, poetry.
Characteristics of object-chanting poems: the content takes a certain object as the description object, and describes it by grasping some of its characteristics. Ideologically, it is often to express one's wishes. From things to people, from reality to nothingness, write spiritual character. Commonly used metaphor, symbol, personification and contrast. (1) takes image as the theme; (2) chanting (topic, gift, praise)+object.
Third, write landscape poems.
Xie Lingyun in the Southern Dynasty created landscape poetry, Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty created pastoral poetry, and in the Tang Dynasty, the school of landscape pastoral poetry represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran appeared.
Landscape pastoral poetry is good at describing natural scenery, pastoral scenery and comfortable seclusion life, with meaningful and beautiful poetic landscape, quiet and elegant style and clear and elegant language.
This kind of poetry is often lyrical in the scenery, lyrical in the scenery, and the writing is often sketched and set off.
4. Landscape pastoral poetry can live:
1 retire from the countryside and love mountains and rivers; ② Depicting the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers and loving the motherland;
(3) I hate the darkness of officialdom, express my carefree mood, and express my noble character of never colluding with others.
Fourth, war poems.
Poems about frontier fortress and war have existed since the pre-Qin period and developed into the Tang Dynasty. Because of the frequent wars, the rulers value martial arts over literature, and it is easier for literati to win fame and fortune by inviting the border court than the imperial examination. In addition, in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, frontier poems with magnificent feelings developed greatly, forming a new school of poetry, with representatives such as Gao Shi, Cen Can and Wang Changling.
1. Official symbol: the words "blockade", "levy" and "army" appear in the title; There are also some old Yuefu poems, such as Liangzhou Ci, Youth Travel, Guan Shanyue and Joining the Army.
2. Basic theme:
The desire to establish a career; The determination to defend the country; The pain of mountains and rivers falling; Homesickness living in the border for a long time; The hardships of life beyond the Great Wall and the tragic battles of successive years; Anger that there is no way to serve the country and sorrow that there is no hope of returning home.
3. Analysis focus: To appreciate frontier fortress poems, we should combine the author's life thoughts and the specific time of poetry creation, appreciate what the poet wrote in the poems and what kind of emotions he expressed, and pay attention to the scenery with frontier fortress characteristics and the events and psychology with war characteristics.
Five, travel poems and in my heart forever's poems.
The ancient people's long-term exile, long-term wandering, or long-term guarding the border will always cause strong homesickness and homesickness, so there are many such poems. They either write about their nostalgia for a trip, or their thoughts about their relatives and friends, or their homesickness, or their thoughts about being pregnant in the boudoir. In writing, I feel emotional about the scene, the moon (Mid-Autumn Festival, Chongyang Ascending, Spring Sorrow, Returning Home at Sunset), or lyrical about things (moon, geese, flute and willow), or lyrical about dreams, or lyrical about wonderful metaphors.
To appreciate this kind of poetry, we should determine the emotional category on the basis of overall perception; Grasping the image and constructing the picture; Grasp the key words and appreciate the artistic features.
Travel poems: mainly express the hardships and loneliness of travelers, as well as the thoughts of their hometown and relatives.
In my heart forever's poems: First, express women's longing for their husbands who went abroad to fight in the war, express their disgust at the war or encourage their husbands to make contributions; The second is to express the thoughts of her husband who is far away from home, and express the tenderness and sadness of women; The third is to express the resentment of women in the palace against the situation of being imprisoned and left out, and to express their yearning for a free and happy life.
Sixth, farewell poems
In ancient times, due to inconvenient transportation and underdeveloped communication, it was often difficult for relatives and friends to meet for several years, so the ancients paid special attention to parting. On the occasion of parting, people often set up wine farewell parties, fold willows to send them away, and sometimes sing poems to bid farewell, so parting has become an eternal theme of ancient literati.
Because everyone's situation is different, the specific content and ideological tendency written in farewell poems are often different. Some express their feelings of parting directly, some express their feelings by spitting out the anger in their chests or expressing their wishes, some focus on the pain of parting without hating, some focus on persuasion, encouragement and comfort, and some have both.
1. Official symbol: there are words such as "send" or "don't" in the title;
2. Basic theme: reluctant memories; Affectionate encouragement; Confessions of Chen Xinzhi; Imagination, worry and yearning for friends in the afterlife.