Cen Can
After reading Buddhist scriptures, I heard that there are excellent bowls and flowers. I do not see any at all. Tianbao was years old, participated in Dali's evaluation of merits, took charge of the imperial history, and led Yixiting to support the deputy envoys. I am proud of planting trees and herbs in the government yard, digging pools for mountains and dancing in the meantime. This flower was presented at Jiaohe River, and the cloud is at the southern foot of Tianshan Mountain. Its shape is different from that of many grasses. It is as powerful as a crown. Towering into the sky, it doesn't attract students, and it was removed in the process of saving flowers, and the leaves were outsourced, which made the fragrance fragrant and the scenery beautiful. He sighed because of the reward: "I am not native, but a distant descendant, which makes peony expensive and lotus famous." What a pity? " Husband, heaven and earth are selfless, yin and yang are impartial, and each student is self-defeating. How can it not be born? Why is there no one who does not smell good? If this flower is not found by small officials, it will eventually be entrusted to the valley. What's the difference between a talented person and a person who doesn't know God and is rejected by Xun Lin? Sing for feelings. Song Yue:
In the south of Baishan and the north of Chishan, there are flowers that people don't know, green stems and leaves, and they look good.
Flowers with six petals and nine leaves cover the morning. Why not give birth to China and the West?
Move your roots to court to flatter me. Shame is associated with grass, how elegant and unique!
Why not be rewarded by others? The poor ravine Committee was severely frosted.
I secretly lament that the road to Yangguan is long and I am not allowed to offer the king.
Cen Can (7 15-769) is an outstanding representative of frontier poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. From the eighth year of Tianbao to the second year of Zhide, he went to the frontier fortress twice and wrote many well-known frontier fortress poems. This poem "A Concise Preface to the Song of You Bo's Falling Flowers" was written in the 15th year of Tianbao (756), and it was the poet's work during his second visit to the Castle. It does not directly describe the desert wind and smoke in the frontier fortress, but borrows a bunch of wonderful flowers in the frontier fortress-Youbo Falling Flowers, to express the feelings in the chest.
Order before the poem, explaining the reason for writing the poem. From the artistic point of view, the preface is not less artistic than the poem, and it is a good prose. The theme of this poem is sung at the beginning of the preface. Youbo falling flower is a kind of flower produced by Tianzhu. "Youbolo" is a Sanskrit transliteration, which means Yu Dou, Dai Hua and Hong Lian. Because it is clean and fragrant, it is often used as a metaphor in Buddhist scriptures. But in this poem, Youbo has no Buddhist meaning, but a symbol of talent. After pointing out the time and place of writing poetry, the poet wrote about himself in his leisure time, planting trees and herbs in the yamen, repairing mountains and digging ponds, lingering in it, letting the natural landscape cleanse his mind and pinning his outstanding pride in nature. These words show the poet's mind and interest. Only with such a mind can there be such a courtyard, and only with such exotic flowers and plants can there be such a mind. At this point, although Youbo has not appeared, the poet has paved the way for its appearance.
The description of flowers in Youboro is the focus of the preface. The poet began with the word "different", highlighting the exotic flowers and plants and the extraordinary scenery. Its flowers are like human crowns, towering at the top of the stem. Poets use words such as "Yiyi" and "Yiran" to describe the extraordinary modality of Youbo's falling flowers. Then the poet described the state, fragrance and color of flowers: on the towering green stems, a mass of red flowers bloomed in the wind, which was extremely beautiful against the green leaves, showing the charm of the north; Its fragrance is overflowing, and the bright colors are more charming in the sun.
The following is a deep sigh caused by the poet's appreciation of flowers: he lamented that flowers are secluded in the western soil and cannot compete with the middle-earth peony hibiscus. But it is endowed with the aura of heaven and earth, naturally beautiful and naturally generated, not because it is wrong, nor because no one appreciates it. This naturally caused the poet to sigh: "If this flower is not subject to small officials, it will be entrusted to the valley. Why do talented people not know the Lord and are excluded from the forest? " From sighing flowers to sighing talents, it finally reveals the poet's feelings about the scenery.
If we stop here, we haven't disclosed all the details of this order. In connection with the poet's specific life experience, all the gifted scholars among them have their own shadows. Cen Can is the son of the world. His great-grandfather Cen Wenben, great-grandfather CenChangQian and uncle CenXi were all prime ministers. Two years before Cen Can was born, Cenxi offended Zhu Fu, and his relatives were slightly exiled, so his family road declined. Cen Can entered the official career with a strong desire to regain his glory, but his hopes were dashed again and again. At the time of writing this poem, the poet was 41 years old, but he was only the staff of the coach Feng Changqing, which was far from the poet's original expectations. Although the overall mood of his second trip to Cen Can is full and high, the specific scenery will still cause his life experience to sigh. This poem and its preface are the product of specific circumstances. From sighing flowers to sighing oneself, this is a three-layer wave from shallow to deep in the poet's thoughts and feelings.
The content of the poem is almost the same as the preface, because the object of singing and its significance are described in detail in the preface, so the focus of the poem is not on description, but on expressing feelings. Around the theme of "flower lovers don't know", it launches four sighs: the first sigh is that flowers are beautiful, the stems are green and the leaves are bright, but they are ignored because they are nothing, and the words "flower lovers don't know" lay the foundation of the whole poem; Secondly, it's a pity that Youbo Luohua was not born in China, which covered up its national beauty and deepened it on the basis of "people don't know". After transplanting to the poet's courtyard, Santan Youbo is graceful and different, lamenting that it has been abandoned in the deep mountains and valleys all the year round and destroyed by a wind knife and frost sword; Fourth, although the poet knows the value of this flower, it is still far from its actual value. The poet wanted to dedicate it to the king, but it was a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, so there was no reason to offer flowers. Therefore, Youbo will only be relegated to the border forever.
This poem is clear in thought. On the one hand, the poet writes about the beauty of this flower, on the other hand, he writes that this flower is born out of its position and its value is unknown to ordinary people, which constitutes a sharp contradiction in his poems. The poet sings and sighs about this unreasonable contradiction, which makes readers feel sorry for Youbo and the talents he symbolizes.
Cen Can's frontier poems have a unique style. Yin Kun said in Yue Ying Ling He Ji: "Cen's poems are unique in style and profound in meaning." This poem is not the masterpiece of Cen Can's frontier poems, but only one aspect of his frontier life. But even so, we can still see his always curious artistic style. He chose the wonderful flower of Ubbelo as the object of singing, highlighting the unique experience of this flower from writing flowers to writing people, thus giving a novel expression to the ancient theme of talent shortage.
This poem has a remarkable artistic feature, that is, supporting people with things. On the surface, it is singing flowers, but in fact it is sighing. Emphasizing "good luck" is the artistic tradition of China's poetry, and this poem is a masterpiece with profound implications.