The ancients said: Poetry expresses ambition. But I said poetry is also romantic. China's ancient poems are an important part of the world cultural treasure house, many of which are about the relationship between men and women. China and the first book of poetry, The Book of Songs, said at the beginning: The pigeons in Guanguan are in Hezhou. A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman. This made a good start for future poetry creation.
(A) two of a kind's ancient heritage
Many friends seem to be more interested in The Book of Songs. Confucius said: If you don't study poetry, you have nothing to say. Then, let's read the Book of Songs.
There are a lot of poems describing people's love and marriage life in The Book of Songs, most of which are beautiful and intriguing. Most of these poems are compiled in it, and the essence of The Book of Songs is that it is public opinion.
Today, I recommend this poem "There are dead birds in the wild", which is selected from "National Wind Calls South". Zhao Nan, which I haven't studied in detail, probably refers to the vast area from the south of Luoyang to the north of Hubei. In other words, this poem is a folk song collected from the above places.
There are dead birds in the wild, and the white grass is covered;
A woman fell in love with spring, and Ji seduced her.
There are parks in the forest and dead deer in the wild;
White grass is pure, and there are women like jade.
Self-pity and self-pity,
No messenger barking.
This poem is about a hunter who meets a girl who is as gentle as jade in the jungle in the suburbs. He wrapped the deer he hunted and the firewood he cut up in white thatch as a gift to the girl, and finally won her heart.
If the whole poem is translated into modern Chinese, it is as plain as water and has no artistic conception, so I advocate that ancient poems can only be understood.
The first two paragraphs of this poem are narratives to the effect that there is a girl who loves spring like jade, and a young hunter wrapped a deer and firewood in white thatch as a gift to express his love to the girl.
In the last paragraph of the poem, the tone is changed to a girl's voice, which makes the development of the situation more dramatic. The poem is also full of gestures, which makes people excited to read.
What exactly did that girl say? In the present words, you should take it gently and slowly, don't mess up my scarf, and don't let the dog bark and disturb the people. ...
Such a straightforward and memorable description can only be appreciated in China's ancient poems, right?
(2) Love makes life easier.
"I'll jump if you jump!"
How many marriage eyes were touched by Leonardo's line in the movie Titanic? But few people know that thousands of years ago, an unknown wife wrote an immortal poem with action, which was Gong Wudu crossing the river in Han Yuefu:
I suggest you don't cross the river.
Gong Jing crossed the river. You'd better cross the river. )
Fell into the river and died.
When is the public. What should I do with you? )
This should be the shortest poem in Han Yuefu. Like the longest peacock flying southeast, it is also a work about double suicide of lovers.
According to the ancient and modern notes, the North Korean soldier in Tianjin got up early one day and saw a "white-haired madman" crossing the rapids regardless of the danger. His wife couldn't stop him, and his husband fell into the river and died. After his wife sang these lamentations, she also threw herself into the river. When Gao Zi's wife, Li Yu, heard about it, she was deeply touched and wrote the song "A Long Quote".
Life is beautiful because of love; Love makes life easier.
This reminds me of another true story: there is a couple abroad, both of whom are mountain climbers. When two people climbed a steep mountain together, the husband who climbed in front loosened the rock nail and fell into the valley. The wife reached out to help her husband, but it didn't work. At this moment, my wife shouted: I love you! Then resolutely cut off the safety rope. ...
These love stories of life and death and * * * make all vows pale and powerless!
(3) Zhuang Meng, cuckoo crying blood
Among the ancient emperors, Li Houzhu was the best writer in literature.
Li Yu (937-978), whose real name is Jia Cong, whose real name is Shi Guang, whose word is Zhong Yin, was the sixth son of Li Jing, the ruler of the Southern Tang Dynasty. Xuzhou people. Song Stegosaurus ascended the throne in Jinling in the second year (96 1) and reigned for fifteen years. He is called Li Houzhu.
Li Yu is a gentle wit. If he hadn't been born into a royal family, he would have become a famous poet.
Li Yu's father Li Jing is Yuan Zong of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He is good at poetry, but his fame is far less than that of Li Yu. Li Yu received a good education from an early age and was gifted. Although he leads a luxurious life, he is really versatile in poetry and painting.
/kloc-at the age of 0/8, Li Yu obeyed his father's orders and married Zhou Ehuang, a beautiful woman in Yangzhou.
Although Zhou Ehuang is one year older than Li Yu, he is beautiful and elegant. Poetry and painting are all unique, and they can sing and dance well, which can be described as wisdom and blue heart. It is said that the favorite colorful feather of Emperor Ming of Tang Dynasty was already divided in the late Tang Dynasty. Zhou Ehuang rummaged through all the ancient books, and reprinted the Book of Nishang, which shows his talent. And Li Yu knows the inside story and is also a romantic master. They really live a happy and sweet life after marriage. Li Yu once wrote a poem "Ah Hu Zhu" to describe his wife's charming charm.
Just after evening makeup, pay attention.
Show people a lilac, sing a clear song, and temporarily lead the cherry to break.
The sleeves of the sleeves are still black, and the cup is deeply swirled by the fragrant mash.
Embroidered bed leans on jiao without that, chewing red velvet and laughing.
I just cut my evening makeup and want to put a touch of red cream on my lips. Laugh without singing, revealing the teeth as neat and white as lilac buds, and the cherry mouth is slightly open, and the song is as euphemistic as a warbler.
Drinking wine in a big glass with a silly face, who cares about getting dirty and wet? When I was drunk, I leaned back on the embroidered bed, chewing red and tender grass flowers, and gently spitting on my sweetheart ...
E Huang's coquetry jumped from the page. After reading it, who else will not be moved?
It was a complete impulse to write down this topic, and it was not until I put pen to paper that I found that this topic was so big, and I'm afraid I really didn't have enough spare capacity.
Looking up information on the internet, I found that some things written from memory are already very inaccurate, and I dare not write easily. Niu Niu and the United States are places where crouching tiger hides dragon, for fear of jokes.
I am used to rambling writing, thank you for your support, and welcome criticism if there is anything wrong.
Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. After being queen for four years, E Huang became seriously ill. Therefore, E Huang's 14-year-old sister Nv Ying visited the palace. Nv Ying, in his prime, is naive and charming. The Book of the Later Tang Dynasty says that he is alert, intelligent and quiet. "Li Yu saw, can't help loving.
Therefore, Li Yu tried to approach her aunt, take care of her in every possible way, pursue her, and seduce Nv Ying from the uncontrollable seeds of love. She soon fell into the arms of her brother-in-law. However, due to their identities, they dare not communicate openly and can only secretly date in the dead of night. Sneaking out of the bedroom, afraid of being discovered, he took off his golden shoes and put them in his hand, wearing only socks and boarding the cabinet containing Yuan. When Li Yu saw it, he felt pity and wrote a poem "Bodhisattva Man":
The bright moon is dark and foggy. It's good to go to the waves today!
Step by step, step by step, holding golden shoes.
See you at the south bank of the painting gallery, and you will tremble at noon.
It's hard for slaves to come out, but you can be merciful.
The meaning of this word is easy to understand, but the artistic conception is worth savoring.
At the beginning, the poet created a hazy and romantic artistic conception: on a foggy and bright night, a beautiful girl slipped out of her bedroom, holding golden shoes in her hand and stepping on the steps covered with petals in socks, and quietly walked to her lover's side.
Bian Que's second half sentence "One day makes people tremble" vividly describes the girl's nervous and shy mentality. The last sentence: "A slave is hard to get out, so you can be merciful." It's touching to say what you think in a girl's tone. As for how to pity, please imagine.
What I like best is Li Yu's ci. He has a poem describing national subjugation and hatred for the rich.
Over the past 40 years, my motherland has been covered with mountains and rivers for three thousand miles.
Fengge Long Ta people overnight, Yushu Qionghua is smoke.
I met him several times, and once I was classified as a minister.
It is the most hasty to quit the day of the temple fair to spend time that is waist-deep
Jiao Fang is still playing farewell songs, hanging tired to Gong E. ..
This word was written when he was demoted to the Song Dynasty. It's a poem about national subjugation and hatred for the rich. It is easier to write about national subjugation than hatred.
As long as there are historical facts to write about national subjugation, hatred is abstract and needs to be expressed with the help of things that can express feelings. He is an artistic lyricist. He just regrets that "the past is only sad, and the scenery is difficult to arrange", laments that "life is endless", and finally "I feel tired when I dream back to my old country".
Mr. Dongpo complained: "This man misses his hometown and mourns his life, so it is better to be affectionate with the maid-in-waiting." He said that he was a "king of national subjugation who was born in a deep palace and grew up with women." He is still reluctant to part with women, how can he not die? " This theory was so striking at that time that many post-lyric writers did not choose his words.
-Li Yu also wrote two sentences about the party in Nv Ying, which are copied as follows:
Bodhisattva is beautiful
Penglai pavilion closes the rooftop girl, and the painting hall sleeps day and night without words.
Cui Yunguang threw the pillow and embroidered clothes smelled strange fragrance.
The hidden beads lock and move, feeling the dream of the silver screen.
With a slow smile on his face, he looks forward to it infinitely.
and
The rhyme of the copper spring is crisp and powerful, and the new sound moves slowly.
Eyes are black, eyes are flowing.
Rain clouds are deeply embroidered, and when they come, they will be harmonious.
No matter how empty the banquet is, the soul will lose its spring dream.
The first poem is about Li Yu sneaking into her aunt's bedroom and stealing incense. The second poem describes the complicated mentality that Aunt Li Yuhe can't publicly express her feelings. Both sentences are very vivid. Knowing the background, these two words are easy to understand, so I won't say much here. There is no airtight wall in the world. Da Zhou guessed the relationship between Little Sister and her husband and was heartbroken. She died at the age of 30. To this end, Nv Ying fell into a deep remorse. Li Yu's mentality is also very contradictory. On the one hand, he wants to marry Nv Ying as soon as possible. On the other hand, he is ashamed of his dead wife. One of his songs "More Leaks" reflects his complicated mentality at this time:
Plantagenet hairpin, pink face, meet in the flowers.
Know what I mean, sympathize with you, you must ask for it.
Fragrance is an ear, wax is a tear, like the hearts of two people.
When the pillow is tired, the cold sleep leaks more.
"This situation must be asked." God see pity! In the fourth year after Da Zhou's death, Li Yu finally married Nv Ying. It's for Zhou Xiao.
When Li Yu succeeded to the throne, the Southern Tang Dynasty regarded the Song Dynasty as orthodox, settled in a corner of the south of the Yangtze River, and paid tribute and worshipped every year. In the seventh year of Song Kaibao (974), Song Taizu wrote to Li Yu many times, asking him to go north, but Li Yu refused to go under an excuse. In the same year 10, Song Taizu sent general Cao Bin south to attack Jinling. In November of the following year, the city was broken, and the queen's flesh came out naked, and she was taken to Bianjing, where she was sealed by a letter. Emperor Taizong ascended the throne and became the Duke of Longxi County. After sealing, it is Mrs. Zheng.
Under the Song system, every celebration, by convention, ladies-in-waiting would go to the palace to congratulate. Song Taizong Zhao Kuangyi is a womanizer, and he has already taken a fancy to Zhou Xiao. Therefore, every few weeks after he entered the palace, Emperor Taizong would detain him and put him back a few days later. Li Yujia is in danger, and her whole chest is depressed. He only sent his feelings to poetry and wine, and wrote many excellent works that have been passed down through the ages. The unfortunate poet of the country is lucky, and words begin to play a role in vicissitudes of life.
Among them, the most famous word is this song "Yu Meiren":
When is the spring flower and autumn moon, how much is known about the past.
Last night, the east wind blew in the small building, which made the country unbearable.
Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them.
Ask how much sorrow you can have, just like a river flowing eastward.
Legend has it that Song Taizong hated him for saying that "the old country can't bear to look back on the bright moon". It was only in the third year of Taiping Xingguo (978) that Li Yu was ordered to be poisoned with morning medicine at the banquet on his forty-second birthday. After his death, he chased the king of Wu and buried Mangshan in Luoyang.
However, some people say that the real purpose of Song Taizong poisoning Li Yu is to occupy Zhou Xiao for a long time, but shortly after Li Yu's death, Zhou Xiao also hanged himself. Like her sister, she is 30 years old.
As the king of national subjugation, Li Yu's tragic ending is inevitable. But what really reminds future generations of him are his immortal poems. Wang Guowei said in Ci on Earth: "When the poet arrived in Li Houzhu, his vision began to widen and his feelings deepened." As for the beauty of sentences and the harmony of phonology, it is unprecedented.
The chapter of the late Lord is finally finished. Just relax。
(4) Once I sent my feelings to the West Chamber.
Yuan Zhen's words are subtle, while other words are brilliant. Luoyang, Henan. Born in the 14th year of Tang Dali (AD 779), he died in the 5th year of Daiwa (AD 83 1 year). He was a famous litterateur in China in the Tang Dynasty, and was also called "Bai Yuan" with Bai Juyi.
He lost his father when he was eight years old. He was a poor boy. 15 years old, because of the Ming dynasty. At the age of 23, he joined Bai Juyi as a scholar. In his early years, he worked as a secretary, a provincial school bookkeeper and other small officials. Yuan and four years (809) made a supervision suggestion.
Because of his brave words, he violated the eunuch's power. The following year, he was demoted to join the army and became a Jinshi Cao in Jiangling Prefecture. Later, after constant blows, Yuan Zhen gradually lost his integrity and took refuge in the eunuch Cui, becoming a doctor in the ancestral temple. Until the second year of Changqing, he reached the peak of his career and worked as prime minister for three months.
Yuan Zhen is famous for writing legends and colourful poems in literature, but his mourning poems are equally touching. Yuan Zhen's wife, Wei Cong, is Wei's youngest daughter. At the age of twenty, she married Yuan Zhen (Yuan Zhen was twenty-two). At that time, Yuan Zhen had no fame and fortune. Although she was "not poor together as people know", she "we had to pick wild vegetables to eat". They fell in love and lived a hard but happy life for seven years.
Seven years later, Yuan Zhen had become the imperial censor who supervised the imperial capital, but Webster left him. Yuan Zhen was very sad and wrote many mourning poems for her, including three "Mourning for the Past" and the famous "Leaving Thoughts".
The first song:
You are like Gong's favorite daughter, and it's not going well to marry me, a poor man.
You saw me naked in the box. You take off the gold brooch and buy me wine.
You eat your food with wild vegetables, but your food is sweet. You cook with dead branches with leaves.
Now that I am a high official, you are far away from the world and sent some monks and priests to be at the mercy of monks.
The poet used Xie Gong (Xie An) as a metaphor for Wei Cong's love at home. Qian Lou, a "poor man" in the Warring States Period, was born from this comparison. The last four sentences summarize the poor life after marriage from four aspects: food, clothing, housing, transportation, daily necessities. The last sentence is, I am rich as an official now, but you have passed away. I can only express my grief with a quick sacrifice.
The second song:
A long time ago, we joked that one of us would die, but suddenly, before my eyes, you left.
The clothes you have worn have been given away, and I can't bear to open your sewing box.
Because I miss you, I love girls very much, and many of your dreams, I will burn paper for you.
No one knows that the husband and wife will be sad, and many past memories are extremely sad.
This poem has no allusions, so it is easy to understand. The last sentence is shallow and affectionate, and it has become a famous sentence through the ages.
Let's watch the third song:
I'm sitting here alone, mourning for both of us. How many years is my seventy years old? ?
No offspring is fate, and Pan Yue just mourned his dead wife in vain.
Even if you can bury it, you can't tell a passion. What an illusory hope the fetters of the afterlife are.
However, when I open my eyes, I can see the whole night, the lifelong troubles in your brow.
This poem is translated into vernacular: I think of you when I have nothing to do and feel sorry for you. How long have you been away? Deng You, a native of A Jin, lost his son to save his nephew and spared no effort to write mourning poems. How slim it is to die at the same point, and there is no hope of continuing the frontier in the afterlife. I can only repay you for what you suffered for me before you died in sleepless thoughts.
These three poems express their infinite thoughts and feelings for their wives in plain language. Therefore, some people think that the mourning poems of ancient and modern China and foreign countries are "unparalleled".
Li Si, the fourth of Yuan Zhen's five poems, describes his love for his wife from another angle:
Once the sea was difficult for water, it was always amber.
Looking back at the flowers lazily is partly due to cultivation and partly due to.
"It was once difficult for the sea to touch the water" was changed from "It is difficult for those who look at the sea to touch the water, and it is difficult for those who swim at the gate of saints to speak" in Mencius, which means that the sea is extremely deep and wide, dwarfing the water elsewhere; "Forever amber" means that there is a Yunfeng in Wushan, facing the Yangtze River, which is full of mist and steaming. So in contrast, the clouds in other places are eclipsed.
This explanation is clear, and it is used to mean that without Webster, he would never have such love again. The last two sentences refer to the woman with flowers.
At that time, Yuan Zhen was released to another post. He said he was "too lazy to look back" at other women, partly because of "monasticism" and partly because of you. ...
The feelings of mourning, yearning and love for his wife in these poems are beyond words, but it is difficult for people without similar experiences to have a deeper understanding and experience.
(5) Ribbon is the most attractive at this time.
Qin Shaoyou's ci is also very popular. The song "Man Ting Square" is very famous, and Qin Guan is called "Wei Yun Qin Xueshi". Let's look at the whole word:
The mountain is painted with Wei Yun, the sky is sticky with rotten grass, and the horn is painted to break the door.
Stop asking for chat and leave respect.
How many Penglai past events, looking back, are all fog.
Outside the sunset, Western jackdaw in the west counts, and the water flows around the lonely village.
Enchanting, at this moment, the sachet is hidden and the ribbon is light.
Win a reputation as a brothel.
When can I see you here? There are tears on the sleeves.
At the scene of the injury, the high city was in ruins and the lights were dim.
From the content analysis, this word is to travel less and recall the old love with a woman. Because there is a saying that "brothel gives her bad luck", this woman's identity is likely to be a brothel middleman.
Travel less from the scenery, and the phrase "Mountain rubs Wei Yun" is highly refined, which has been praised by literati in all previous dynasties. After accurately describing the characteristics of seasons and time and creating a bleak atmosphere, Penglai Old Story draws memories from scenes to emotions. This technique is like a montage of modern movies.
The most sensational part of the whole word is the sentence: "ecstasy, faint fragrance, light ribbon." Old Qin is really a master, leaving you unlimited imagination, which is a far cry from the so-called erotic writer who runs a human flesh shop now. This reminds me of a song by Xin Yongqi-I miss your white socks and your smell. ...
The two have the same effect.
Finally, the poet wrote, love hurts, and parting is one of the eight great pains of life. The tears are still there, full of helplessness.
"The tall buildings are broken and the lights are dim." Zoom out, panorama, end of movie. Director Zhang Yimou, that's all? Unforgettable