Poems about the battle of Changping. Song of the Long Flat Arrow and Wooden Door by Zhang Zhu in Qing Dynasty

] Changping Guagu, Millennium Poetry Society. Author: In 262 BC, Qin and Zhao, the most powerful countries at that time, assembled more than one million troops in Gaoping today and waged an unprecedented and tragic military war, known as the Battle of Changping in history. The war lasted for three years, and finally ended with the killing of more than 400,000 soldiers of Zhao by the generals of Qin. Thousands of years later, it attracted countless literati to the ancient battlefield of Changping, facing the past that was still yesterday, remembering history, thinking about the past and composing poems. It can be recorded that since the Tang Dynasty, the ranks are endless. Among them, "intellectuals" have different attitudes and different landscapes because of their different times and identities. Pinker strategized and collected 77 poems and essays about Long Ping Tiaogu by scholars in previous dynasties. In my spare time, I look at the scenery horizontally and vertically, looking forward and looking back for fun. Here, I take out the information hodgepodge of the past thousand years and enjoy the taste of "everyone is happy". Who wrote Long Ping Diao Gu? Of course, we should choose a great man, Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The happy old man wrote a poem about the battle of Changping. The full text is: Handan 400,000/fell into Changping that day/was able to rebuild a pen/or Ji Yi's life (now the word "Ji" on the exhibition board of Lu Yong Gukeng Exhibition Hall in Gaoping is misspelled as "Wing", I wonder if it will be corrected). The title is "Looking for Yang, Going to Cui Xianghuan" (one of two choices), but from the information I have, it is impossible to judge whether this poet who has traveled all his life has set foot here. In addition to the famous Li Bai, other great figures include Li He, Chen Ziang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, Yuan Haowen, a scholar in the Jin Dynasty, Liu Bowen, the prime minister of the Ming Dynasty, Feng Menglong, a writer who wrote The Story of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Zhang Chenglun, a famous Gao Ping in the Qing Dynasty, and Li Rui and Ma Douquan in the present age. Many people either made a special trip to Changping to "mourn the past", or "fly over the sound" because of accidental passing, or just follow the taste of history and do it with interest, and so on. Judging from the content of poetry, most "intellectuals" passed by the ancient battlefield and were active in the local area. For example, Sun Chong in the Song Dynasty wrote a poem "Going to the Old Place to Enjoy the Scenery" when he was an official in Luzhou (now Changzhi), and Liang Boring in the Jin Dynasty wrote "Leaving a Title for Changping Post" when he was an envoy in Jincheng and Changzhi (now Changzhi). At that time, the local "intellectuals" in Gaoping were not there. In contrast, there are very few people who have made a special trip to the depths of Taihang Mountain. After all, there were no Boeing planes, highways and travel agencies in ancient times, and they came to Changping ancient battlefield with countless unknowns. It's really hard! The attitude towards Lian Po, the general of Zhao, is always full of sympathy for Liu Bei, who is poor and weak, and deliberately vilifies Cao Cao, so it is natural for everyone to play the white face on the stage. China people's psychology of "praising Liu and restraining Cao" can also be used in the "Battle of Changping". Zhao, who was influential in the state of Qin at that time, was defeated and killed by innocent people. Later generations often give Lian Po a lot of support and sympathy. Later generations built Lian Po Temple in Daliangshan (now in the mirror of Mishan Mountain in Gaoping) of Lian Po Combat Command as a memorial, and wrote "Zhao Jiang's Legacy" to praise it. For thousands of years, when writing "Hanging the Ancient from Changping", the literati spoke highly of the use of troops in the early stage of the battle of Changping in Lian Po. Lian Po Tun, written by Zhang Chenglun in the Qing Dynasty, has become a masterpiece that the population can recite: a strong wall is better than an elite, and when it is in danger, the bees will swallow the rice country and look to Wu 'an City. The first two sentences describe Lian Po's tactics and elegant demeanor, while the last two sentences show Lian Po's heroism. Apart from admiration for the former star, people are also very dissatisfied with Zhao Haoqi Cheng Xiao's taking the advice of alienation to replace Lian Po at the end of the Changping War. Zhou Ang of the Jin Dynasty wrote: A baby is as good as a child/A veteran from Shanxi returns/Don't pursue the past/Don't give up/Don't judge talents by family background. He not only scolded the fatuous "boss" for Lian Po, but also conveyed those princes and ministers who "want to evaluate their family background and talents" obliquely. It can be seen that Zhou Deqing of Zhou Ang mentioned in Biography of Jin History really lives up to its reputation. Attitude towards Bai Qi, the general of the State of Qin In the eyes of many people, the Bai Qi of the State of Wu quickly became an instant hit because it robbed Zhao of 400,000 troops overnight. In fact, Bai Qi became famous before the battle of Changping, and because he never failed in his military career, he was called the only "ever-victorious general" in the Warring States period by later researchers. Otherwise, at the critical moment of the final national decisive battle, Zhao Xiang, king of Qin, would not entrust him with such an important task. A piece of news to be verified is that Tian Lei killed1600,000 prisoners before his death. If the verification is accurate, I'm afraid he is also the only one who can keep the "Guinness" record in the number of murders forever, which is also the reason why future generations evaluate him as "good at fighting and defeating the enemy". Tian Lei's fate is tragic. According to Records of the Historian Biography of Tian Lei and Wang Jian, he was ordered by the King of Qin to commit suicide. Contrary to watching Lian Po, poets are full of endless disgust at Qin Gen's "military genius and political fool". Perhaps militarists will be impressed by his superb art of war, but as long as they are human, they can't love this murderous maniac anyway, let alone an "intellectual" who is born with compassion. They directly or indirectly satirized the "works". Among the 77 poems and essays I collected, dozens directly criticized him by name. Because the legendary leitian is small and sharp, everyone even gave up the reader's "lofty and lofty" in the poem, and the war face called him this insulting nickname: Xie Su called it "pointed" in the poem Changping in the Ming Dynasty, and Hu (from Gaoping County Records) thought that "vertical axis" was too inaccurate, so he swore in the first sentence of Mayi City. Poets also lamented the fate of this "military genius", but obviously with a little schadenfreude. In Skull Mountain, Leo Lee of Ming Dynasty proudly wrote: I don't know if I am alone in the pit/I am looking back at the sunset in the sand garden/I often meet Du Youyun. In the first half of the paper, the ugly performance of the "juvenile" Bai Qi in the battle of Changping was written, and in the second half, the evil deeds of Bai Qi's pit fall were quickly rewarded by Du You's suicide. Bu, who was born as a scholar, also gladly expressed his views in "Hanging the Ancient from Changping": …/Lin Lin recalled many signs/the head of the vertical axis can be hung/Du You's sword can be hung soon/a few days later/…, while Gao Qicheng in Qing Dynasty not only wrote the poor ending of "laughing at Du You's tooth sword", but also mocked him for "I don't know what he did to pit the modern poet Cai". Although the ancients inherited Confucius' doctrine of the mean, their attitude towards Zhao Kuo was clear, and they never hid their teeth. This is because commenting on history is much less risky than commenting on current events. Du Fu, who never forgets the lessons of the past, just got drunk and complained that "the wine in Zhumen stinks/the road freezes to death", and was forced to drift from place to place all his life and traveled all over the world. Ok, the commercial time is over, so let's get down to business. When it comes to Zhao Kuo, I'm afraid there is no one who doesn't know that he is the protagonist of "an armchair strategist". Tian Lei's father Zhao She is also a great star. In the battle with Qin, this man became famous for killing hundreds of opponents, which made Zhao Kuo consciously "get out of the door" and "Lao Zi hero", especially because he read a lot of poetry books. But in the end, he was killed by an arrow and ruined Zhao's dynasty. Although there is a saying that heroes are not judged by success or failure, the battle of Changping is a gamble between the two countries. How cautious it is to change coaches! Interestingly, Zhao Kuo was also controversial in later literati's poems. A large number of people "vilify" him like Bai Qi in their poems, and their hatred for him and sympathy for the 400,000 Zhao troops who died from it are beyond words: Hu Ceng lamented in Changping in the Tang Dynasty that the Changping tile shocked Wu 'an/Zhao's subjugation of Russia/400,000 people early. Wen Yanbo, the prime minister of the Song Dynasty, did not drag his feet. From the beginning, he pointed out that he was a "disciple who could read his father's book" and hated the irrefutable statement that he did not understand his father Zhao She and had no real learning ability. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhao Kuo was criticized more fiercely, and the great man Liu Ji only called him "Handan Xiaoer", but it is not new for Zhou Jing to call him "Han Xiaoer" in The Arrow of Changping in the Qing Dynasty. On the one hand, most people severely criticized Zhao Kuo, on the other hand, a few people complained for him. Liu Xin, a famous Confucian in Han Dynasty, wrote the poem "Playing abuse, Zhao Hang is wider than Changping" in his "Sui Chu Fu". It is not difficult to find that "hanging Zhao Kuo" is based on the affirmation of respect or sympathy, and the above-mentioned blind negation. However, in his "Wang Ping in the Han Dynasty", the phrase "It's a great shame to show that it is self-defeating, and it's a great shame to use people upside down" at least keeps a sober neutrality, but such a voice is extremely precious. It was not until 2 1 century today that it was echoed by a modern poet. Xiong Dongao gave Zhao Kuo the most positive evaluation in the history of Two Battlefield in Taichang Pinggu. Personally, I think it is quite pertinent. The reason for the failure is not only Zhao Kuo, but also the mistakes of the decision-makers in employing people. It's not unfair to put all the blame on Zhao Kuo. In fact, there is a very important message in the ancient battlefield written by the poet, that is, the ancients lived earlier than us, and we can see a more real and complete original appearance in the ancient battlefield in Changping than today. The other is that when these almost truly reappeared sites are presented to them, they feel different from the scattered artificial ancient battlefield sites we see today. In my collection of poems and materials about hanging the ancients in Changping, many of them began with "writing scenery", and the poem "Through the Battlefield", which was first discovered in the land suburbs of the Song Dynasty, said: "The battlefield in Changping is desolate and desolate, and no one cultivates it". It can also be speculated that the ancient battlefield in Changping was basically preserved in the Song Dynasty, and "no one cultivated" showed its desolation. However, in the Ming Dynasty, from Liu Ji's Song of the Long Flat Head, it can be found that there were "savages" around the ancient battlefield from the beginning, and there were also villages around it, but the old appearance of the ancient battlefield did not change much at that time. The people who cultivated the land only had a chemical reaction between metals such as iron and oxygen in the air, and after a long period of sun and rain, they could still "pick up", which might show a different color from that presented by deep underground, and there were no weapons. It shows that the ancient battlefield has not been seriously damaged by natural movement or man-made, which can also be seen in Guo Xin's contemporary "Birds call Huang Yunling, Niu Geng Bones Field" that the author is looking for the opposite of words. Then in the Qing dynasty, some changes took place in the ancient battlefield. Due to the gathering and development of human beings around and the geographical movement of the earth itself, the remains of the ancient battlefield have become blurred. In the poet's works, it is rare to directly describe the ancient battlefield. Even if there is, what we see is the rural life scene of "Ploughs are everywhere in the battlefield today (from Dong Wenji's" Long Ping Yibi "in Qing Dynasty). I'm afraid the bloody ruins of the ancient battlefield will reappear In the poem "Poisonous rain collapses the city, the fortress falls, and the yellow sand is still not buried" written by Zhang Zhu, who edited the Annals of Zezhou in the Qing Dynasty, I saw the bones of that year again because the skeleton platform at Gaopinggukou collapsed due to heavy rain in the autumn of Jiayin year of Kangxi (1674). In the 20th century, the remains of ancient battlefields need expert archaeology to be discovered. Ma Dou, a modern poet, wrote: "The oblique arm knife marks smoothly, and the humerus is exposed for a long time." It was discovered in today's Gaoping Lu Yong Human Bones Pit Exhibition Hall, which is equipped with modern lighting and a tour guide's explanation. Therefore, on the one hand, while enjoying the feelings, the poet is also a witness to the ancient battlefield sites. Why do you want to hold an "award ceremony" at the award ceremony of Changping Diaogu Millennium Poetry Society? Because to sum up, poets who have come to the ancient battlefield for thousands of years have fully demonstrated their talents (unlike today, poets have to "invite" to come), and their actions and words are worthy of sincere praise from future generations when evaluating, but because of the different postures of poets, they have different purposes. "The beauty of the sea is great." First attention award: This award belongs to Comrade Sima Qian. Because of his work in the Western Han government, Comrade Si wrote The Battle of Changping when he wrote Historical Records, a historical reportage. There was no data to show that there was an earlier literary poem about the Battle of Changping, so although the poem "The Battle of Changping" written by Comrade Si is not like historical records (I think its narrative plot is vague) or prose (I think it is a martial arts novel after reading the original text, although local chronicles belong to it), he was born early, which makes the later "Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties" very regrettable. Best Title Award: No matter whether the poem is good or bad, a good title is half the battle, because those who can skillfully control words will definitely show their true kung fu in the simplest place. However, to our great disappointment, poets in the past 1000 years have been too honest. Most of their topics are Changping, from Changping to ancient times, nostalgia for Changping, hatred for Changping and dragons. It doesn't seem to be much different from the composition topic I wrote when I was a child. Compared with modern writers, ancient people definitely need to be enlightened, and they can start a series of exciting topics, such as shouting when they arrive in Changping, the treasure of the ancient battlefield, the story Zhao Kuo and I are going to tell, the lingering between Zhao Kuo and Tian Lei, and so on. After careful consideration, this award is vacant. Best Narrative Award: After repeated consideration, I think it is most appropriate to award this award to Comrade Yu Xuan, an official of the Qing Dynasty. Comrade Guan wrote a full 53 lines in his long essay, describing in detail the cause and effect of the battle of Changping, including all the discoveries made by farmers on the ancient battlefield at that time. The author's narrative is a link between the past and the future, with equal emphasis on outline and details, recording and thinking together, which is unmatched by other poets' narratives and won the award. Best Comment Award: After the narrative, there will always be comments. Commenting on the important historical event "The Battle of Changping" is both very cautious and easy to become famous, attracting countless poets. When judging this award, the author secretly stood at the height of 2004 and reviewed the evaluations of various poets in the Millennium one by one. The conclusion is basically in line with Theory of Three Represents's requirements, but the poet's comments are different, and most of them focus on the issue of Zhao Kuo's use of troops because of his defeat in the battle of Changping. Don't you know that Zhao Ting behind the incident should be the focus of "employing people", so in the end, the competition for the best comment award becomes just a question of debating literary talent. Therefore, Comrade Liu Ji of the Ming Dynasty was helpless because of the last sentence in the poem, "There were no shepherds at that time (referring to General Li Mu and General Lian Po)". And firmly accept this award. Best Object Award: Writing landscape objects is the poet's specialty. As long as he has studied for a few days, talked more about love and cultivated a few drops of vinegar, his kung fu should be "coming right away". Therefore, the poet participated in the selection of the "Best Object Award" this time, and his interest was quite high, especially the sensational master who was good at "giving a few drops of color and daring to open a dyeing room". They thought it was the only one who won the championship. Li Panlong in the Ming Dynasty was lucky enough to be shortlisted for the poem "Bones are higher than Taihang Snow, Blood is purple", Lv Chunru was lucky enough to be shortlisted for the poem "The night of the fire is phosphorus, and the yellow sand of the bones is * * *", and Guo Xin was lucky enough to be named after his poem "Birds sing Huang Yunling, Niu Geng Bones Field". After careful chewing by readers, Comrade Li Panlong and Comrade Guo Xin won in one fell swoop and tied for the first place. Best Performance Award: Poets often fall into historical time and space for a long time when they write scenery and express their feelings, and their words and deeds reach the height of selflessness. Just when they are intoxicated, addicted, thinking or questioning, it is also the time for them to show their moving style. Therefore, the Best Performance Award is specially set up to commend those poets who "don't forget to act in the theater". The following is a wonderful scene written by a group of shortlisted poets. Please look at the big screen: Tang He, with Erguotou in his mouth and high-grade MP3 in his mouth, is walking on the Taihang Mountain in Guze Prefecture (refer to the poem: Visit the old country again/look forward to you/sing mysterious songs/dance with wine). Ming and Hu Xiyan, after arriving at the ancient battlefield, slowly got off the bus and stared at the land for a long time. As the camera zoomed in, he could see sad tears silently across his face. When the camera zooms out, Hu Xiyan looks up at the sky, and it is vast and empty. Ming, a poet, got up early in the morning and wanted to sell iron in Changping ancient battlefield and applaud his friends, but everyone went to the Internet cafe to play games. Helpless, he shouted at the sky, as if hoping that God would be with him. Obviously, Hu Xiyan conquered everyone with skillful acting and body language and took to the stage to receive the award. Best Swearing Award: It's hard to get on the elegant award stage for swearing, but they are poets, great intellectuals and many civil servants working in government agencies. Therefore, it is rare to be confused once. This "Best Swearing Award" was specially established in the spirit of "rewarding many people without blaming them". You have seen all the above, so the curse of the street for thousands of years has mainly focused on cracking down on these two unlucky people, Bai Qi and Zhao Kuo. After careful consideration, the author thinks that this award is the most suitable for Zhou Jing in the Qing Dynasty. He made no secret in his poems, pointing his finger at Zhao Kuo, and named him "Kuo Xiaoer" (from "A Line of Arrows in Changping"), which is only comparable to that of a certain Ming Dynasty because of his status. Let people play word games with "Zhao Haoqi Cheng Xiao" and "Zhao Kuo", but Comrade Zhou Jing is much more clever. As we all know, "Xiaoer" can be synonymous with the word "rabbit". Together with the above tone, it is: Hehe, in modern terms, it is: * *! Zhao Kuo, you little bastard! Best contribution award (collective): Looking through all the poems about "learning from the past", the poets of the Ming Dynasty made the greatest efforts. They created more than 20 outstanding works before and after, which greatly enriched the literary life of the Ming Dynasty and promoted the spiritual civilization construction of the Ming Dynasty. Moreover, they not only surpassed their predecessors, but even the latecomers couldn't catch up for a long time and deserved this collective honor. Best contribution award (individual): Li Bai, the selection result is definitely not unexpected. Li Bai was a superstar at that time, working in the party and government departments, and was often cordially received by state leaders. After the state banquet, I quit the Yangtze River smartly and became a rock singer and poet all the way. He also likes to write poems after drinking. He was the most avant-garde action art at that time. Think of such a person, don't let him write for you. You can become popular soon. It is such a person who willingly wrote the most artistic poems for the ancient battlefield in Changping without taking a penny from the local government, which led to countless literati visiting the ancient battlefield because of the "star effect" in the next few hundred years, which greatly promoted the local economic development. Therefore, in addition to awarding the best contribution award to Mr. Li Bai, we should also discuss and sign a contract with Mr. Li Bai to be the image ambassador of Changping ancient battlefield! Best Participation Award: Please invite the comrades who have not won the prize so far to take the stage collectively. Writing here, pen Geng is coming to an end. This time, in this passage, through time, * * * enjoyed all kinds of vivid information about Long Ping Tiaogu by poets of all ages for thousands of years. In this process, Pinker wrote like grass for three days and really enjoyed it. As for the nonsense walking in the text, don't believe it all, but I believe that if poets of all ages read this,