Li shangyin
Every flower has the same interval of youth as a flower. I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings.
The longing for love of King Zhuang Mengdie is cooing.
The blue fields are breathing their emeralds to the sun, and the mermaids are crying their pearl-like tears in the green ocean of the moon.
It had come and gone before I knew it, a moment that should last forever.
Jinse is the most popular and obscure masterpiece in Li Shangyin's poems. It is a masterpiece in Tang poetry and an idol of modern obscure poetry school. Therefore, people have different views on this poem. Therefore, I intend to appreciate it sentence by sentence and add my own views in order to attract more attention.
In what kind of life situation did the producer of "I don't know my Fifty Strings of Jinse" think of making Jinse? Why does Jinse want fifty strings? In this series, there are youthful years, eventful years, fleeting reappearance and unforgettable highlights. Players and manufacturers have dedicated their lives to Jinse, watering Jinse, making Jinse colorful and shining in the light, shadow and melody of the years. Seeing gold has aroused people's various associations and speculations. During this period, the story of life is that the spring breeze is warm, the summer rain is pouring, the autumn wind is bleak, or the winter wind is cold. A series of stories with unpredictable turbulence all year round. How many are there in fifty strings? How to play the fifty strings? String after string, bit by bit, layer by layer, how much love and hate have accumulated, and how much regret and guilt have been left. The story should not be calm in the mood for love. Some are green, some are fat, some are thin, and some are fighting for green and red. Unless it happened, who knows what it was like, and who can accurately express ignorance with clever words when it happened before. Why are you made, polished, passed by, played, created, tampered with, crushed and destroyed for no reason?
There will be good news when the strings of "every flower has a youthful interval" rustle. In the world of Jinse, there was once a beautiful love mood. Looking back on the past years, those years have a youthful atmosphere and a unique pursuit. Young and frivolous, so everything is a cinch, everything can be your own. The hero looks around the world and wants to turn it upside down. Hot-blooded men will inevitably travel around the world to make contributions, even scholars should display their talents and help people share their worries for the country. How many battlefield battles and court debates have been played by Jinse, saying in the order of tit for tat that the battle flag is flying on the battlefield to win the fame after death, and the notes flying in all directions are jumping out of a beautiful picture of life. In the spring breeze and moonlight, a sweet Cupid sowed the seeds of love. A touch of crimson once adorned her beautiful face, a ray of emotion once disturbed her heart, and a wicker once led her lover. The most affectionate woman in the red chamber has interpreted many stories of human spring scenery and love, and the brocade is gently gathered and slowly entangled. In this year of China, there is a youthful and proud voice singing inner purity and longing. Naturally, everything will not be smooth sailing. There will be the troubles of young Werther, the quiet beauty of whispering in autumn, the disappointment and regret when the spring flowers and the autumn moon are gone, and the inner suffering of rolling waves. Even so, you can still be a Don Quixote hero like Kuafu day by day. Thinking about the past and the future, the years are thick.
Did Zhuang Zhou turn into a butterfly or did the butterfly turn into Zhuang Zhou in "The Butterfly in Meng Xiao"? Is the fish swimming happily in the water, or is it not the fish's children who know the fish's happiness? Jinse notes once left a place for confused thinkers. It is the butterfly that evolved from the thinking of the Warring States philosophers to the lovers' spirits in front of Shuihu and Zhu Yingtai's tomb, and it has also become the initiator of the sensational effect caused by online pop music. It's a butterfly dancing among flowers, and it's seen all over the world. In the butterfly world, there are natural flowers flying, affectionate peony flowing, pure peony, playful and pungent spring, wintersweet in full bloom and peach blossom burning. Tea elk flowers are unfinished, pomegranate flowers are gorgeous, lotus flowers are red, Polygonum hydropiper flowers are purple, osmanthus flowers are thousands of miles fragrant, chrysanthemums are the best, October flowers are pilgrimage, banana flowers are unique, and daffodils make friends for two seasons. Butterflies sang the dream of Yuanyang Butterfly with flowers. When Zhuang Zhou woke up from his dream, the butterfly had flown far away, leaving a curtain of dreams for future generations to mourn and think about. Things are changing, and the ambitions of the early years have turned into fleeting clouds, and it is inevitable that heroes and children will be frustrated. This dream is not a whimsical dream, not a dream of returning to camp, but a dream of ten years of poverty and happiness in Yangzhou. Whether the bullet returns or the song returns is unknown. Zhuang Zhou, don't be obsessed with butterflies!
"Wang Chunxin's cuckoo crow" cherishes spring, often fearing that flowers will bloom early and spring will return in a hurry. The sound of the golden harp played the epitaph of the nobility. At the end of the Zhou Dynasty, Du Yu, the monarch of Shu, wanted to be the heir of Yao and Shun, and handed over the country to the king who thought he was virtuous. Unexpectedly, great rivers and mountains were handed over to mediocre people who could not be cured, which was even worse than Liu Huangshu's careless loss of Jingzhou and Zhuge Liang's tears to behead Ma Su. The end of Zen retreat is not the rectification of the world, but the disintegration and fragmentation. In the end, the country was destroyed and the soul of a generation of kings turned into a bird. In The Cuckoo's Call, there are angry voices that Emperor Xian of Han was imprisoned against his will, and there are also voices that Apollo can't relax. There is Liu Adou's helplessness in pretending to be crazy and selling stupidity; There is Tang Aidi's inability to control the tragic road of surrender; There are descendants of Song Huizong's legacy, Jingkang's difficult defection; There is a far-fetched trip by Emperor Chongzhen to save the world. There is a way for Emperor Xuan Tong to go upstream and save the hopeless decline. In a world where ghosts walk by night and ghosts walk by day, who can solve the desire for the emperor and turn chaos into right? Du Fu's voice, jingwei's reclaimed wood, Du Fu's voice, the United dance of Xingtian, Du Fu's voice, Farewell My Concubine Wujiang, Du Fu's voice, Xuanzong's stealing from Beijing. The melody of Jinse is changed to a different voice here. When it hurts the world, it finally becomes a dream.
"Mermaid drops pearl-like tears down the green ocean like the moon" changes every day, and the times are as new as a chess game. However, no matter how the world changes, there will be no passionate voice of youth in Jinse's tunes. Li Bai's absolute beauty will eventually be replaced by Du Fu's depression and frustration, and Du Li's prosperity will eventually be replaced by Du Li's loss in the late Tang Dynasty. Even so, the mentality of "once the sea was difficult for water, amber forever" will not change in time. If we keep pace with the times, there should be a process of getting rid of the past gradually. Looking back at yesterday's glory and now's embarrassment, we can't help but turn back and forth, and our hearts can't be calm. "There is Jiao Ren in the South China Sea ... whose eyes will shed tears ..." On the moonlit night, in the breeze, Jiao Ren cried into beads, telling endless sadness and hesitation. On the other hand, pearls are born from mussels, and mussels are bred in the sea. The gestation process is painful and difficult. When the moon is bright and the sea is calm, mussels will open their mouths to the moon. The pearls in mussels are especially bright because of the brilliance of the moon. The moon is the pearl in the sky, and the pearl is the moon in the water. Pearls have been kept in mussels for too long, so they can only show up on a moonlit night. But "Golden wind and jade dew meet, and countless people win." Because the waiting process is too long and the accumulated thoughts are too long, it is Yang, with clouds floating in the sky, wind blowing on the ground and waves rippling on the sea. There are more people in heaven than Cowherd and Weaver Girl's Tanabata party, and there are more silent stories than vocal ones. Moonlight, like water, shines on pearls, and pearls, like the moon, radiate the sea. In the distant sight, we find and enrich each other's beauty, radiate and mature their respective charms. At this time, the pearl is no longer the watery spirit of Jiao Ren, but shines brilliantly. Even if you shed tears, you will cry with joy. After waiting and missing, I know how to cherish and have, and after chaos and turmoil, I know how to maintain long-term stability. It's not that "a strong business woman doesn't know how to hate her country and sing backyard flowers across the river", but she is eager to meet the next era of singing and dancing with a romantic attitude and positive actions.
"Lantian is breathing its own jade facing the sun" in the lantian jade is famous all over the world, and the hot weather makes the smoke a spectacle. Lantian Mountain in the southeast of Lantian County, Shaanxi Province is a famous place for producing jade, and the jade produced is of excellent texture. Under the irradiation of sunlight, light refracts and reflects, and jade itself has excellent qualifications. Jade itself absorbs the essence of heaven and earth, contains jade gas, and will gradually rise in the bright sunshine, forming a rare natural beauty. Li Bai's "Purple Smoke from Rizhao Incense Burner" is similar to this, both of which are ingenious and ingenious. Natural beauty not only gives people sensory enjoyment, but also brings spiritual imagination and thinking. The elusive love life is like this kind of cigar smoke. From a distance, there is no smoke, and the hazy beauty produced by distance can only be produced on the premise of playing not far away. This secret but untouchable love, this unrequited love pursuit, and this function of losing love for fear of approaching make the already lost heart look even more helpless and unrequited, and secretly love the dreamy inner world in the sun. On the other hand, the more you hate love, the closer you get, the closer you get, and the more you ask for each other. The sweetness of love turns into the pressure of life, and the unbearable overlapping family life will turn the prince in the fairy tale into a husband within a foot and the princess into Cinderella. Life at this time is like jade in the sun. It is the process of carving a hard stone into a priceless treasure jade, and it is also the process of couples upgrading from lovers in love to relatives in life. The process from love to affection is roughly the same. Happy families are all alike; each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. Love life is like this, so is political life. The ideal of "Supreme King Yao and Shun" includes both the process of waiting anxiously because of emptiness and the process of realizing the need of forging body and mind. Under the mutual polishing of ideal and reality, the stubborn stone becomes jade and becomes jade. And a moment that should last forever ","There is no way to get rid of this feeling, only frown, only mind "In the face of the complexity of emotional life, the twists and turns of political life, the sadness and confusion of daily life, anyone is inevitably worried and unable to give up. The world of pure love with infinite scenery and sweet intoxication is beyond our reach, such as the graceful and pure lotus flower, which can be seen from a distance and cannot be played. Can only be waiting, waiting for the arrival of * * *. The political career of enlisting millions of soldiers and winning the world is beyond our reach, such as the elegant peony with a group of leaders, which is unattainable. We can only wait until the time is right. Idle reading poetry books is an optimistic day, and the idle life of immortals in the tea tasting contest is beyond our reach, such as independent and elegant chrysanthemums, which can be envied and not joked. Can only wait, wait for the care of heaven. Such an emotional life becomes a memory while waiting. Looking back, the world of youth is wonderful. Which boy is not * * * *, which girl is not in love, the yearning and pursuit process of hazy and mysterious emotional life is itself a process of purifying the soul and growing up healthily. Platonic love makes many lonely and turbulent young people become angels who spread the gospel and pursue their careers. Handsome teenagers have evolved into confident young people in the process of releasing their energy, showing their specialties and attracting many eyes. In the process of exerting their own advantages, smiling like a flower and leading the fashion trend, beautiful girls have gradually become gentle women. This process, which is full of expectation and longing, pathological pain transformation and dramatic joy acceptance, is a waiting process and an unforgettable one. The world of youth is more about the pursuit of fame and fortune. "Thirty fame, the dust settles, eight thousand miles of clouds and moons, no leisure, young people with green hair on their heads, and great achievements" is an ideal realm. Imagine Gong Jin. When Joe got married for the first time, he was a hero. Feather fan nylon scarf, laughing, strong ashes "is the pursuit of the goal." Because young, so sharp-edged, because young, so don't care, because young, so strong and fierce. However, when we look back, we should not regret wasting time and doing nothing. However, nine times out of ten, life is unsatisfactory, and everything can be satisfactory. Some things can only be waiting, expecting and recalling.
"It had come and gone before I knew it" and "Confusion gave me confused eyes, but I used him to find my sobriety." Obviously, all kinds of joys and sorrows in emotional life are not in one state. There is a saying that "always remember the sunset in Xiting, and I don't know where to go." Always had a good time, but lost to the swimming pool deep in Zhu Feng. I opened a beach for seagulls and herons for the ferry. "Happy time, there is also" search, barren, miserable ... Indus drizzle, to dusk, dribs and drabs. This time, when I was young, it was more like "teenagers don't know the taste of sorrow, fall in love with the floor, and say they are worried about adding new words." Only when you reach a certain age can you bear the burden of humiliation and look at flowers calmly. However, things are not that simple. "The tree wants to be quiet but the wind will not stop", and the state of meditation will not last long. It seems that a person's life is not entirely in his own hands, so there are "bare hands, yellow rattan rice wine, and spring willows all over the city." Dong Feng Xie, who is in a bad mood, has been very depressed in recent years. No, no, no! Spring is the same, people are empty, and tears are red and sad. Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion. Meng Shan is here. Brocade is hard to trust. Mo, Mo, Mo! "When we are lonely, it is inevitable to look back at the past years like a song. How can I not exclaim, "Spring is gone, thank the people of Los Angeles"? "I miss it, and the twilight is heavy. "In this way, the cognitive and aesthetic process of emotional life is completed in the ups and downs. In fact, there is no unified model for love life, only personalized pursuit. Two strangers of the opposite sex developed from acquaintance, acquaintance and love to finally becoming lovers in the besieged city. Even if there is a rumor that "tobacco is flowing, the city is full of wind and rain, and plums are raining yellow", how can it be as inseparable as "smoke flying and dancing" and "Dongcheng is getting better scenery"? Thus, confusion becomes intoxication, imagination becomes action, and phenomenon becomes essence. Experienced wind and rain, I know more about the importance of cherishing. Cherish fate, treasure wealth, cherish life, love flowers, love home and love life. It seems that the maze in political life is more difficult to break. There are heroic dry clouds, such as "Let's count the numbers and look at the present", galloping on the battlefield, "I want to go home by the wind, but I'm afraid it's too cold at the top", and "I have a dream of a big world, and I have several autumn days in my life", and I have some ideas about who will go to Xiaoxiang, such as "It's the best thing to give up my career and avoid the world of mortals". There is a heroic elegance, "One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight and cross the deep sea" ... all kinds of feelings, to name a few, are not among them!
Li Shangyin's Ma Wei
In vain, I heard the legend that overseas Kyushu, the afterlife is unpredictable, and this life will not stop.
Kong Wen, where the tiger sings at night, has no reply from the chicken.
The Sixth Army has agreed that they will all be stationed in Malaysia. On the old Qixi Festival, we also laughed at the Weaver Girl.
How did I spend the fourth period? I was an emperor, but not a son-in-law. I was with Mochow at night.
This is a political satire directed at Li Tang's former emperor, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.
At the beginning, the story of "Overseas" and "More Kyushu" was used to summarize the legend that the alchemist discovered Yang Fei overseas, but it was denied by the "disciple". Those who "smell" listen to it for nothing. It means: Xuanzong heard from the alchemist that Yang Fei still remembered the oath of "wishing the world husband and wife" on the fairy mountain, and was "very shocked", but what's the use? The fact that "he was born" is a couple is uncertain; The relationship between husband and wife in this life is obviously over. How it ended naturally caused the following situation.
The "cock crow" in court is in contrast with Ma Youyi's "tiger swimming at night", but yesterday's happiness and today's suffering, yesterday's safety and danger are all different situations and moods. The escape life of Tiger Walking at Night is very uncomfortable, which means the same thing. The contrast with Chicken Man Announces Dawn implies that the protagonist is eager to enjoy the happiness of the past again, which is another meaning. Then use "Kong Wen" and "no reply" to echo, indicating that hope has been disillusioned and the tail is too big to fail, which is the third meaning. "Tiger Brigade at Night" was originally used for patrolling and guarding, but being named "Kong Wen" has the opposite meaning. From the point of view of composition, "Kong Wen" inherited "Rest in Peace" and enlightened "Six Armies in Malaysia". It means that the "Tiger Brigade" is a "nocturnal song", but it is not to protect the safety of the emperor and the imperial concubine, but to launch a mutiny. Because of this, it is impossible for Li and Yang to enjoy a comfortable court life.
Tripartite: "This day" refers to the day when Yang Fei died. "Six armies stationed in Malaysia" coincides with Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow", and no one moves, but after "Song of Eternal Sorrow", they may trample on those moths until their hooves, and "this day" is traced back to "then". The contrast and supplement between "then" and "today" is not only self-evident, but also rich in meaning. Xuanzong and Yang Fei swore to each other on Tanabata at that time, laughing at Petunia and Zhinv. They only met once a year, but they were "husband and wife forever" and never separated. But what if the sixth army doesn't send it? Opposed to each other, the ending of Fei Yang's death is not difficult to understand, and Xuanzong's hypocritical and selfish mental outlook is also exposed. At the same time, "Laughing and caressing cows on Tanabata" is a typical summary of Xuanzong's infatuation with women and neglect of political affairs. When compared with "six armies stationed in Malaysia", it shows the causal relationship between them. Without the debauchery of "then", how could there be the dispersion of "today"? When Xuanzong indulged in debauchery, did he ever consider the "day" when his beloved concubine was "killed"! At this point, the sentence of the tail couplet is like an arrow.
Tailing also contains strong contrast. On the one hand, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, who had been emperor for more than 40 years, could not keep his beloved concubine. On the other hand, the Lu family, as an ordinary people, could keep his wife Mochow, who was both a weaver and a mulberry picker. Therefore, the poet coldly asked: Xuanzong, who had been emperor for more than 40 years, why didn't he guard his wife like ordinary people? In the first six songs, the edge of criticism is directed at Tang Xuanzong. Concluding with a question that needs a lot of exploration to give a comprehensive answer enriches the content of criticism.
Climb the peak
Du Fu (Tang Dynasty)
In the sharp wind from the vast sky, apes are sobbing, and birds fly home on the clear lake and white beach.
Leaves fall like a waterfall, while I watch the long river roll forward.
I came from three thousand miles away. With the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed this height alone.
Bad luck has formed a bitter frost on my temples, and heartache and fatigue are a thick dust in my wine.
This poem was written by Du Fu in Kuizhou in the second year of Dali (767). At that time, the poet fell ill in Kuizhou on the bank of the Yangtze River. The whole poem tells the poet's complex feelings of wandering, old illness and loneliness for many years through mountaineering, which is impassioned and touching. Yang Lun praised this poem as "the first of Du Ji's seven-character poems" (Du Shi Jing Quan), and Hu Yinglin's "Poetry" is even more amazing, and it is the highest of seven-character poems in ancient and modern times.
The first four sentences are about climbing mountains.
Eight poems are correct. At first glance, the beginning and the end seem to be "wrong", and the chest and abdomen seem to be "wrong". After careful consideration, "every sentence in the article is law, and every word in the sentence is law." Not only "the whole article can be taught", but also "choose words and make sentences", "people in ancient and modern times dare not speak and will never speak" It is natural to win the reputation of "masterpiece" (see Hu Yinglin's poem).
This poem was written in the autumn of 767 in Dali, Tang Daizong. At that time, four years had passed since the Anshi Rebellion, but local warlords took the opportunity to compete for territory with each other. Du Fu entered the Yanwu shogunate and relied on Yanwu. Unfortunately, Yanwu died soon, which made him lose his dependence. He had to leave Chengdu Caotang, which had been in business for five or six years, and bought a boat to go south. He wanted to go straight to Kuimen, but because of illness, he stayed in Yun 'an for several months before arriving in Kuizhou. If it were not for the concern of the local government, he would not have lived here for three years. In these three years, his life is still very difficult and his health is very poor.
This poem was written by a 56-year-old poet in this extremely embarrassing situation. On that day, he boarded the high platform outside Bai Di, Kuizhou, and climbed up to watch with mixed feelings. What you saw in hope aroused your heart; The bleak scenery of Qiu Jiang evokes his wandering life experience and permeates his old illness and loneliness. Thus, there is this masterpiece, which is known as "the first and seventh speech method in ancient and modern times".
The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
The sky is high and the wind is urgent, the autumn wind is cold, and the apes cry, which is very bleak; Qingjiangzhou, the sandy shore is white, and the gulls return to Xiang at low altitude. In comparison, the first two sentences re-use rhyme, and the sentences are self-aligned, and none of them are nominal. This is what the poet saw when climbing the mountain, which constitutes a sad picture of autumn scenery and sets the tone for the whole poem. Looking up, Jiang Tian was originally open, but in the poet's pen, he strongly felt the sadness of the wind, the mourning of apes and the dancing of birds, all of which were controlled by the invisible autumn air, as if everything was in an uncertain state of autumn air arrival. The wind is urgent. Kuizhou is located on the bank of the Yangtze River, at the mouth of Qutang Gorge, the head of the Three Gorges. It is famous for its swift water and strong wind. "The Ape Howls", there are many apes in the martial arts, and their voices are piercing. The local folk song says, "The Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges of Badong is long, and the ape cries three times." Zhu is a small piece of land in the water.
The endless trees are rustling leaves, and the Yangtze River is rolling unpredictably.
Leaves, boundless, swirl, rustling down; The flowing Yangtze River is surging and rolling forward. Zhuan Xu is a famous sentence throughout the ages. It is written about the solemn and bleak and vast scenery in autumn, which is scattered when you look up and down. "Boundless" magnified the appearance of fallen leaves, and "rustling" accelerated the speed of falling. While writing the scenery, I deeply expressed my feelings and conveyed the feeling that my youth is fleeting and my ambition is hard to pay. Its realm is magnificent, and its touch on people is not limited to the sadness at the end of the year, but also reminds people of the disappearance and limitation of life and the infinity and eternity of the universe. Through the gloomy and sad dialogue, it shows the poet's superb brushwork and has the majestic momentum of "building a raft and walking on a banyan tree", which is praised as "unique in ancient and modern times" by the predecessors who "pay attention to the East".
The first half describes the scenery, the second half is lyrical, and the writing style is different. The first couplet focuses on describing the specific scenery in front of us, just like the meticulous brushwork of a painter, showing the shape, sound, color and state one by one. The second couplet focuses on rendering the atmosphere of the whole autumn, just like the painter's freehand brushwork. It should only be vivid and vivid, so that readers can supplement it with imagination and express their feelings in triplicate, starting from two aspects: vertical (time) and horizontal (space), and writing from a foreign land to a sick and disabled life. Quadrupling the number of white hair, protecting illness and abstinence from alcohol can be summed up as the hardship of the times is the root of poverty. In this way, Du Fu's feelings when he was worried about the country and hurt the country jumped from the page.
Li in the sad autumn scenery, a wanderer all the year round, lives alone on the high platform in today's illness.
I am wandering in Wan Li, living in other places all the year round, and I feel more sad about autumn scenery; I have been ill since I was born, and today I am alone on the high platform. Neck couplet is a high generalization of the poet's life, and it has the god of frustration. The poet writes from two aspects: space (Wan Li) and time (a hundred years), and integrates the feelings of a long-term guest who is most likely to be ill in autumn and go on stage alone into a vast and muddy dialogue, which makes people deeply feel his heavy emotional pulse. The language is extremely concise and is a famous sentence through the ages. Luo Dajing, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, analyzed this couplet in He Lin Yu Lu: "Wan Li is far away; Sad autumn, when sad; Be a guest and travel; Frequent visitors, long-distance travel; For a hundred years, teeth are dying; Sick and sick; Taiwan, high also; Alone on the stage, no relatives or friends; There are eight meanings between fourteen characters, and the duality is extremely accurate. " "Eight meanings", that is, eight sorrows: it is sad to live in a foreign country; Frequent visitors, two sorrows; Wan Li is a guest, three sorrows; When the bleak autumn, four people are sad; A few years have passed, nothing has been achieved, and five are sad; The death of relatives and friends is six sorrows; It's sad to go to Deng alone; It's sad to be sick.
After all the hardships and hatred, the white hair is full, and the wine glasses are damaged.
The world is cold, life is hard, and I often hate Bai Rushuang; Turbid wine kills sorrow, so poor that you need to give up drinking. The end of the couplet turns to lament the trivial things around the individual, which forms a tragic contrast with the majestic world like the opening "Songs of the South". "Bitterness and hatred" means deep sorrow and hatred. "Down and out" means that you are depressed and frustrated. New turbid wine glass: generally interpreted as abstinence, inappropriate. "Stop" refers to a temporary interruption on the way to continue an action state. This sentence means that I went on stage alone, drinking muddy wine alone, without relatives and friends. I slowly lifted the cup to relieve my worries and stopped at my mouth-my body couldn't bear it. I've been drinking nonstop, and I've never stopped drinking. I can't help but feel startled at my physical and mental decline. New refers to the first appearance. "Turbid wine" is a kind of inferior wine compared with "sake", just like rice wine today, it was called "mash" in ancient times.
This is a seven-character poem that best represents the desolation, vastness and momentum in Du Fu's poems. The first two couplets are about climbing mountains to see the scenery, while the last two couplets express the feelings of climbing mountains. Choosing scenery with emotion and embedding scenery with emotion fully expresses the poet's complex feelings of wandering for many years, worrying about the country and hurting the time, and being sick and lonely. But Gao Shuang's style is majestic, generous, vigorous and high-spirited, which is unique in ancient and modern times.
This metrical poem is very special Its four rhymes are all right, and the first two sentences are self-correcting. It can be said that "every sentence has a rhythm, and every sentence has a rhythm." As far as landscape description is concerned, there are meticulous descriptions (the first part), which describe the shape, sound, color and state of six kinds of scenery, such as wind, sky, ape, island, sand and bird. Each scene has only one word description, but it is vivid, refined and vivid; There are a lot of freehand brushwork couplets, which convey the charm of autumn. The lyrics are written for a long time, and they are written about the memories of "often visiting"; There is also ink in the sky. After "solo stage", write "Wan Li". From life wandering to soul and bone wandering, finally, the difficulties of the times are attributed to the root of poverty. The use of such intricate techniques makes the poet feel desolate and lonely about his old illness when he is worried about his country and people. It is no wonder that Hu Yinglin's poems in the Ming Dynasty say that the whole poem is "56 words", such as coral on the sea floor, which is thin and hard to name, unfathomable, but brilliant and powerful. There has never been anyone before, but it is Du Fu's poems that say something, not Tang Poetry. However, this poem should be the first of the seven laws in ancient and modern times, not necessarily the first in the Tang Dynasty. "