To analyze the modernity or modernity of modern literature and its content, scholars mainly analyze it from the following aspects:
First, modernity and world consciousness
From a global perspective, the modernization of literature began with the formation of "world history" and the germination of "world literature" consciousness. According to Marx and Engels' view of world history, the large-scale capitalist industry and world market in modern times eliminated the isolation and isolation of all ethnic groups and countries formed in the past, and increasingly linked the world economically into a whole, thus "creating world history for the first time". He said: "By opening the world market, the production and consumption of all countries have become worldwide. ..... In the past, the self-sufficiency and isolation of local and ethnic groups were replaced by mutual exchanges and interdependence among ethnic groups. This is true of material production, and so is spiritual production. The spiritual products of all ethnic groups have become the property of the public. The one-sidedness and limitations of the nation are becoming more and more impossible, so a variety of world literature of national and local literature has been formed. " As the literature of the 20th century, it is different from the literature of various nationalities before the 20th century in that the interaction and dependence of various nationalities make it a literature of human beings. In other words, the historical process of the spread of national literature in the world has led to the birth of modern world literature. Universality and openness have become the common characteristics of literature of all nationalities in the modern world. At the same time, from the perspective of the world, the modernization of literature is the process of awakening the consciousness of "world literature". In fact, since the middle and late19th century, especially after the first and second world wars, the long-term dispersion and isolation of ethnic literature has become history, the walls of ethnic barriers have gradually collapsed, and the whole human literature is moving towards the integration of world literature. Especially in countries with frequent cultural exchanges in the world, some successful writers have grown up under the nurturing of "world literature".
As a process of human evolution as a whole, modernization has the nature of worldwide diffusion and expansion. Modernization first started in Western Europe, and then spread to America, Australia, Asia and Africa through colonization. Therefore, the starting time and mode of modernization in different countries are different. M. Levi, an American sociologist, divided it into "endogenous developers" and "latecomers", that is, the difference between "early endogenous modernization" and "late exogenous modernization". The former takes Britain, America, France and other countries as typical cases.