Its body source comes from "national wind". Fourteen songs written by Lu Ji. ? Besides? Going to Japan? Forty-five songs, although sad, are also quite miscellaneous. The old suspicion was made by Cao and Wang in Jian 'an. ? Guests from afar? 、? Is the orange pomelo hanging down? This is also a surprise! Generation after generation, but the sound is far away, sad husband! ("Poetry" volume? Ancient poetry? )
There are three problems involved here: (1) There are twelve or four original poems written by Luji in the Western Jin Dynasty (26 1-303), but the author's name is not given. There are two existing poems, namely, Allow to swim again, Allow to have a good banquet today, Allow to bid farewell to the Cowherd Star, and Allow to cross the river to pick hibiscus. (2) Besides 14 poems simulated by Lu Ji, Zhong Rong saw 45 other poems, among which? Going to Japan? 、? Guests from afar? They belong to the 14th and 18th songs of Nineteen Songs respectively. Is the orange pomelo hanging down? It has nothing to do with Nineteen Songs; (3)? Is the old suspicion caused by Cao and Wang Zaijian 'an? Explain that Zhong Rong had a doubtful statement before, that is? Going to Japan? 、? Guests from afar? Such ancient poems were written by Cao Zhi (192-232) and RoyceWong (177-2 17) (the so-called Preface to Poetry? Articles by the saints Cao and Liu in the past? Also refers to these two people). Rong Rong didn't mention Meicheng here. The Southern Song Dynasty (43 1-453) wrote two antique works, Quasi-Travel and Re-Travel and Quasi-Moon and What (Selected Works, Volume 31), but did not write the name of the original poet. Another example is Shi Shuo Xin Yu? Literature "includes:
Wang Xiaobo went to Beijing to visit his brother Wang's family. He asked: What is the most important sentence in ancient poetry? See the thought did not answer. Filial piety? What happens for no reason? How can we not get old quickly? :? This sentence is better. ?
Maharaja (? -398, word) is from the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The two poems he recited came from the eleventh of Nineteen Poems? Go back to the car and talk? . These situations show that ancient poetry has no author's name. As to who the author is, whether it is Mei Cheng, Yi Fu, Cao Zhi or RoyceWong, people just guess, and there is no reliable literature basis. After 1920, with the upsurge of discussing the origin of five-character poems, the author of Nineteen Poems and the issue of the times were raised again. The first arguments were put forward by Suzuki Huwei (1878- 1963) and Zhu Dai (1907-65438+). Followed by Xu Zhongshu (1898- 199 1) and ancient chronicles (1885- 1959), the focus of debate is whether Nineteen Poems were written in the Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty (1). Gu Zhi pointed out in the fourth volume "Dialectical Records of Nineteen Ancient Poems" of China Poetry Research:
Japan Suzuki Cloud:? Stone has no record of five-character poems. ? It is concluded that the five-character poem was written in Zhanghe at the end of Han Dynasty. This is a humble opinion. Zhu Dai and other junior high school students did it. Xu Zhongshu still holds Nineteen Ancient Poems by Suzuki in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and further concludes that the establishment of Wuyan is still in the Jian 'an era, saying:? Although there have been five-character poems in Zhang He's poems, only one or two poems are written by writers occasionally, which is of little significance in the history of literature, and it cannot be admitted that five-character poems were founded at that time. I thought the establishment of five-character poems should be in? Jian' an seven sons? With what? Wei Sanzu? . They became the center of the five-character poem movement. Five-character poems can flourish only with them, so "Continued Jinyang Autumn" says? Since Sima Xiangru, Wang Bo, Yang Xiong and other sages, the world has been full of praise, and all of them have composed a poem with more than 100 words attached. By Jian 'an, the poems were flourishing. ? This statement is very appropriate. "Poetry" also said? Going to Japan? Forty-five songs, although sad, are also quite miscellaneous. Is the old suspicion caused by Cao and Wang Zaijian 'an? It can be seen that a large part of ancient poetry is the product of Jian' an era. (Shanghai Qizhi Bookstore, 1933 edition, pages 29-30)
Suzuki Huwei's viewpoint was found in Literary Theory of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties published in 1920, and later in The History of China's Poetics published in Hong Wen Hall, Kyoto, Japan in 1925, which had a great influence in China academic circles. 1927, Lu Xun (188 1- 1936) said in the article "the relationship between Wei and Jin demeanor and articles, medicine and wine". From the perspective of modern literature, what is an era of Cao Pi? The conscious era of literature? , or as modern said? Art for art's sake? A group. ? So-called? The conscious era of literature? , is Suzuki's outstanding thesis in the article Literature of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Lu Xun just quoted Suzuki. What is the reason for Suzuki? It is concluded that the five-character poem was founded in the later Han Dynasty. It is also closely related to his assertion. Xu Zhongshu said a little adjustment, right? The establishment of five-character poems? Realize? In the Jian 'an era? (Discussion on the Occurrence Period of Five-character Poems,No. 18, Vol. 24, Oriental Magazine). In view of this point of view, Zhu Dai has written two papers, The Origin of Five-character Poetry (Oriental Magazine, Volume 23, No.20) and Re-discussion on the Origin of Five-character Poetry (Tianjin I Newspaper Academic Weekly, 1929, April 15 -22). Liang Qichao (1873- 1929) thought nineteen ancient poems? The physique and charm are almost the same, which is really the expression of the poetic style of the times? ,? The age of Nineteen Poems is estimated to be around the Western Jin Dynasty 120 to 170. Where did it come from? The content is essentially the study of nineteen songs? , identified as? The works of Anshun Huanling in the Eastern Han Dynasty? (The Beauty and History of China, Oriental Publishing House, 1996, 123? 13 1 page) The dating of Liang's Nineteen Poems is only about 30 years away from the Jian 'an era. But we read Cao Pi's Miscellaneous Poems (187-226): there is a cloud in the northwest sky, which is as shapeless as a car cover. Unfortunately, if you don't meet, you will meet a gust of wind. Blow me to the southeast and south of Wu Hui. Wu Hui is not my hometown. Can Ann stay here for a long time? Let go of your worries, if nothing else, and you will be a bully in a foreign land. ? (Selected Works of Mao Zedong, Volume 29) and Cao Zhi's Miscellaneous Poems:? There are weavers in the northwest, colorful. Catch tomorrow's loom, and one day will be unwritten. Breathing too much will end in the dark, and sadness will roar into the clouds. My body is empty, and good people join the army. It has been nine years since I came back three years ago. Birds are flying around the tree. They are singing and singing. I want to meet my husband and see the scenery of Nanxi. ? (ditto) and many contemporary five-character poems, we can find that these works obviously have traces of nineteen poems (such as? There are tall buildings in the northwest? )。 This shows that Nineteen Ancient Poems appeared much earlier than the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, because it is hard for us to imagine that a work with such a short time would be upgraded to a classic so quickly, and its author turned out to be anonymous! But in any case, the Nineteen Poems was written by the Han people, which is absolutely no problem. However, if we want to prove the specific time and author of it, we can't solve the problem by relying entirely on the existing literature. Therefore, we are more hopeful about the excavation of underground documents and cultural relics. Nevertheless, we might as well guess the background of Nineteen Poems: (1) These poems are not the works of one person, one time and one place; (2) This group of poems includes works of Western Han people and works of Eastern Han people; (3) This group of poems is not a group creation, but written by individual literati with high cultural accomplishment and profound literary foundation. These literati belong to nobles, not civilians; (4) What is the theme of this group of poems? Written by anonymous? The spread of this state should be the result of the author's intention to protect himself, because the poem not only expresses his dissatisfaction with the dark society, but also involves specific personnel relations, and even enthusiastically praises love. Respect Confucianism alone? The harsh society of the Han Dynasty was not suitable for publicity. (5) This group of poems probably belongs to the lyrics of Qin music, because in music art, the author of the lyrics is the easiest to be ignored, and the author is also the easiest to hide the fact that he is the author of the lyrics.
Nineteen Ancient Poems has become a literary classic of China since Jian 'an period. Newspaper Wen Xin Diao Long? Mingshi? The beauty of ancient poetry? After this passage, Liu Xie also said: At the beginning of Jian 'an, Teng Yong and Si took the lead in the festival; Wang Xu should fight for Liu Wanglu; And pity the wind and moon, pay homage to the pool garden, describe elegance and elegance, tell a hearty banquet, be generous, aboveboard, lift a finger, and do not ask for subtle ingenuity; Drive the words one by one, only take the power of Zhao Yun; This is the same. ? Its intention is to show the leading position of Nineteen Poems in the history of five-character poems in Ming Dynasty. The five-character poems in Jian 'an period and even in the early period of Cao Wei were, to a great extent, the deep transformation of Nineteen Songs. The classic status of Nineteen Ancient Poems is determined by its special artistic achievements and aesthetic value. In the treasure house of human literature, classic works always convey the profound spiritual touch of human beings and always reveal the pain in the depths of human hearts. Great writers can always go deep into the social history and human soul world to explore and write. Zhong Rong's Preface to Poetry says:? If it is spring breeze, birds in spring, autumn moon in Qiu Chan, summer rain in Xia Yun and Leng Yue in winter, all poets will feel the four seasons. Jiahui will send poems to relatives and leave poems to blame. As for Chen Chu's defection to the country, the Han concubine resigned from the palace, or the bones were wild, or the daylights out; Or negative Ge Waishu, murderous male edge; Plug the guest's clothes list and cry; There are also scholars who go out to the DPRK and do not return; If a woman is favored by Yang E, she will look forward to her country again: all kinds of repercussions will shake her heart. How can she express her meaning without Chen Shi and release her feelings without Long song? The reason why human beings need literature is precisely because real literary works are faithful to all fresh individual lives destroyed by lies, social repression and power, pay attention to people's emotions, wishes and living conditions, and pay attention to the future and destiny of human beings as a whole. Nineteen Ancient Poems is such a literary classic. What the poet presents us is the light in darkness, the freedom in shackles, the sweetness in pain, the enthusiasm in cold, and the crying in loneliness. So Zhong Rong's Preface to Poetry is called Nineteen Poems. Wen Wen Yi Li, meaning sad and far away, is thrilling, which can almost be described as a word of gold! ? The poet's superb language art and shocking human brilliance permeated in his poems created his eternal value in the history of human poetry. In this sense, we have every reason to believe that when did Nineteen Ancient Poems appear? The conscious era of literature? .