Born in a wealthy Italian family in Egypt, his father is a famous lawyer and his mother is a lyric poet. Marinetti was deeply influenced by French culture since childhood and studied in Paris. He was widely exposed to French modernist literature and art, especially symbolic works, and was deeply influenced. 1893 returned to Italy for further study, 1899 graduated from the Law Department of the University of Genoa, Italy. Poetry magazine was founded in 1905, and published and introduced decadent and French symbolist poems, which had great influence in the international literary world. Starting from 1906, he founded futurism, published many declarations and put forward a series of propositions. 19 13 years, he founded a futuristic publication, Leceba, and went to Russia to promote futurism. 19 14 published Futurism and Fascism, openly cooperating with fascism. From 19 19, he actively participated in the activities of the fascist party and became Mussolini's accomplice. After Mussolini came to power, he was appointed as an academician of the Academy of Sciences and president of the Italian Writers Association. 1942 also invaded the Soviet union with the Italian invaders, and 1944 died.
Marinetti, an anarchist singer, declared that "Italy should be liberated from the shackles of Vatican, monarchy, marriage and parliament" and all state machines should be completely eliminated.
Marinetti is a singer of machine and technology. He believes that machines are the driving force to create the future, and the beauty of machines is more attractive than a woman's smile. Worship of material civilization.
Marinetti is an advocate of superman philosophy. He praised strength, courage, adventure, fist and war. In his view, violence and war, like science and technology, are the most effective means to destroy old traditions and build a new future. Nietzsche's philosophy.
-cater to fascist ideas.
Masterpiece: short play. Here they come. See Futurism, 125. An unprecedented drama. According to marinetti's futuristic theatre Declaration, the previous dramas were pedantic, lengthy and static psychoanalytic dramas, which had long lost their vitality. But in the extremely limited time, space and plot, it is necessary to show "everything excavated from the subconscious, unpredictable power, pure abstraction and pure imagination, no matter how contrary to truth, eccentricity and anti-drama." And this drama fully embodies the revolutionary nature of futurism.
A is very short, the whole play has only four lines. There is no dialogue and no conflict.
B emphasizes momentum.
C takes advantage of the "illusion".
2. guillaume apollinaire (1880- 19 18):
An illegitimate child, his mother is a Polish lady and his father is an Italian officer. He was born in Rome and grew up in Morocco with his mother. 1899, began to settle in Paris. The friend concluded: illegitimate children, Polish adventurers and the flesh and blood of foreigners in France not only caused Apollinaire's peculiar character and temperament, but also caused his artistic uniqueness ... In middle school, he was outstanding in talent, showing his enthusiasm and genius for literature. But the economic situation deprived him of the opportunity to receive higher education. No diploma, no money, poor, so I have to write poetry while working. He worked as a bank clerk, tutor, tabloid editor, artillery and tramp, and his hard life laid the foundation for him to become a radical artist. In Paris, I met Picasso, a famous cubist painter, and became close friends. He also has a close relationship with some avant-garde writers. He kept writing articles to promote modernist poetry and cubist painting, and accepted marinetti's thoughts. He pursued love all his life and wrote a lot of love poems for it, such as Longsa and Muse, but he was always lovelorn. For example, 190 1, he went to Germany as a governess, once fell madly in love with an English female teacher and wrote many love poems. During1912-1914, he lost his girlfriend again and lived alone. He wrote many poems in a very novel and bold way, and was later included in the collection of alcoholic drinks. He died at the age of 38 only ten months after he got married. The Image of Consciousness, published after death, is another masterpiece.
Apollinaire's socialist achievement is poetry. His lyric poems are mostly written in the form of relatively free folk songs, which are very simple, with strong lyrical color and natural and harmonious musicality, warm, melancholy, sad and fresh, and carry forward the tradition of French love poems. For example, Mirabo Bridge, futurism P202.
Apollinaire's main contribution to futurism lies in his innovation in the art of poetry, such as strengthening the rhythm and frustration of poetry itself, rather than punctuation. Write "dialogue poems" to simulate messy dialogues and emphasize sound effects. Write pictographic poems and try to combine poetry and painting. Develop Malamei's step poems and so on. His typical "three-dimensional poetry" is to use poetry to draw patterns and combine poetry with decorative arts.
Such as: the killed dove of peace. Futurism. Surrealism.
3. milovic Mayakovski (Mayakovsky, 1893- 1930) is a representative figure of Russian stereoscopic futurism and the most outstanding and talented revolutionary poet in the early Soviet Union.
Born into a low-level family of a Georgian forestry official, 1905 saw the first democratic revolution in Russia. 12-year-old Mayakovski took part in the school strike March. "This is the revolution, and this is the combination of poetry and revolution in my mind." 1906 After his father died of illness, the whole family moved to Moscow. When he was in middle school, Mayakovski helped his sister "paint and pyrography" for the handicraft shop. At the same time, he contacted some Bolshevik college students, read a lot of revolutionary books, contacted socialists, and joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party in early 1908. Since then, he engaged in revolutionary propaganda, was arrested and imprisoned three times, read a lot of literary works in prison, and tried to write poems at the same time. 19 1 1 entered the school of painting and sculpture architecture in and got to know a group of futuristic poets and painters.