The Ming Dynasty released a vacuum "Jade Key Song" saying:
Flat voice, flat road, mo di ang,
The voice above shouted fiercely and strongly:
It's a long way to go, Xiu Yuan,
The urgent voice is short and urgent.
Simply put, the key to equality is "inequality is equality".
In modern Chinese, there are four tones: even tone, rising tone, rising tone and falling tone.
In modern Chinese, the tones of ancient "Pingsheng" can be divided into Yin Pingping and Yang Pingping, namely the so-called first and second tones.
In modern Chinese, the tone of the ancient "Shang Sheng" is partly disyllabic and partly Shang Sheng. Shangsheng is the third sound of modern Chinese Pinyin.
In modern Chinese, the tone of "Qusheng" in ancient times is still the fourth tone.
The ancient "Rusheng" tone no longer exists in modern Chinese. It has become a flat tone, a rising tone, a falling tone.
The four tones of modern Chinese are Yin Ping (Shang Sheng), Yang Ping (Second Tone), Shang Sheng (Third Tone) and De Sheng (Fourth Tone).
Modern Cantonese also has four tones of "Ping, Shang, Qu and Ru", which are subdivided into nine tones, namely Yin Ping, Yin Shang, Yin Qu, Yang Ping, Yang Qu, Yin Ru, Zhong Ru and Yang Ru.
Flat tone is a term of poetic meter: poets divide four tones into two categories, flat tone is flat tone, and flat tone is three tones. Well, literally, it means uneven. What makes it possible to divide it into two categories? Because the flat sound does not rise or fall, it is long, while the other three sounds do rise or fall (the incoming sound may also slightly rise or fall), and it is short, so it forms two types. If these two tones are interlaced in poetry, they will make the tones diversified instead of monotonous. The so-called "sonorous voice" of the ancients is one of the important factors, although there are many stresses.
How are the flat lines in poetry staggered? We can sum it up in two sentences:
(1) even lines appear alternately in this sentence;
⑵ Flat lines and even lines are opposites in the dialogue. This kind of flat and even rule is particularly obvious in metrical poems.
For example, the fifth and sixth sentences of Chairman Mao's poem "The Long March" say: Jinsha River is warm in the clouds and cliffs, while Dadu Bridge is cold on the crossbar.
These two poems are flat: flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat. As far as this sentence is concerned, every word has a rhythm. Pingping's sentence is followed by Xu Wei, followed by Pingping, and the last one is Xu Wei. When you start a sentence, it is flat, followed by flat, and finally flat. This is alternation. As far as sentences are concerned, "Jinsha" is flat to "Dadu", "Shuipai" is flat to "Qiaodu" and "Yunya" is flat to "Tiesuo". This is opposition.
Regarding the rules of poetry, we will discuss them in detail from the following aspects: the rules of poetry, the rules of poetry. Now, let's talk about how to distinguish the level. If your dialect has an accent (for example, you are from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Hunan and South China), then the problem will be solved easily. In those dialects with entering tones, there are more than four tones, not only yin and yang, but also yin and yang. Like Guangzhou Rusheng, it can be divided into three categories. It's all easy to do: just combine them, for example, combine the level tone and the level tone into a flat tone, and combine the above-yin, above-yang, out-yin, out-yang, in-yin and in-yang into a flat tone. The problem is that you must first find out how many tones there are in your dialect. It is necessary to find a friend who understands the tone to help. It would be better if you had learned the corresponding rules of dialect tone and Mandarin tone in Chinese class, and made clear the tone of your own dialect.
If you are from Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and northern Guangxi, all the Rusheng words in your dialect belong to Yangping. In this way, we should pay special attention to Yangping characters, some of which belonged to Rusheng characters in ancient times. As for which words belong to entering tone and which words belong to entering tone, you have to look them up in a dictionary or rhyme book.
If you are from the north, then the method of distinguishing flat tones is slightly different from that in Hubei and other places. Because most of the ancient entering tone words in Putonghua have become disyllabic, so disyllabic is also a disyllabic; The other part of the voice changed, and the voice was low. Therefore, the words from entry to change and from entry to change do not prevent us from distinguishing levels; Only when the entrance is leveled (Yin Ping and Yang Ping), it is difficult to distinguish leveled. We came across a place where rhyme was stipulated in the Law of Poetry, and the poet used a word that sounded very flat today, which aroused our suspicion. We can look it up in a dictionary or rhyme book.