First, the front image of the moon. ?
There are inherent constraints among "frontier fortress", "bright moon" and "Guan", which form an inseparable organism, so the creation of frontier fortress poems is often inseparable from the shaping of "bright moon" and "Guan"
As a language image, the moon embellishes the environment into a vast and tragic frontier customs, which also fills the frontier fortress.
The physical space of characteristic geography has been transformed into the psychological space of art.
The bright moon can exist in isolation across time and space. The moon is a kind of sustenance and fantasy for recruiters who guard the frontier and treat women in boudoir. They are willing to follow the lonely moon and shine on their loved ones.
The poet freely created the space beauty of the moon and frontier fortress by using this complex.
? Zhang's "Moonlit Night on the Spring River" naturally gave birth to the idea that "I would like to take photos with the lonely moon". The poet's great feeling of the space beauty of the moon and frontier fortress is very prominent.
Second, the time image of the moon.
The moon rises and sets, and the moon is full and short. Moonlight is passing away, and the passing of moonlight unfolds in the time of life, so moonlight is still life and time. The ancients often used the image of the moon to lament the passage of life and years.
Li Yu said, "When are the spring flowers and the autumn moon? How much do you know about the past? The small building was easterly again last night, so the old country could not bear to look back at the moonlight "("Yu Meiren "). In Li Yu's eyes, the past is like a dream, and he can only make sad memories in the moonlight. "
The tragedy of his tortuous fate is fully displayed in the time flow of Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon, not only by Li Yu,
In essence, it is the suppression and imprisonment of talents by feudal autocratic society, and their lofty aspirations, intelligence and wisdom are also helplessly dispelled in the passing of the moonlight in history: "Today, there is only Xijiangyue, who once looked after people in the underworld" (Li Bai's Tai Su's Visit to the Ancient Times).
Their lives and ambitions are often drowned and wasted in the passage of "moonlight like water". "Huai Shuidong old moon, late at night, over the female wall." "Old Moon" caused the poet to sigh and cherish the memory of history. Here, the moon once again leads to eternal and profound cosmic consciousness. ?
Third, the melancholy image of the moon.
In ancient poetry, the moon is still emotional. In nature, the moon is full moon and cloudy day, and full moon and lack of moon are heterogeneous and isomorphic with perfection and lack of moon. Therefore, the moon described by poets is often associated with emotions of emotions. Although Cao Pi has a poem "The bright moon shines on my bed, the stars and the Han people are still young at night".
In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xie Lingyun also wrote such sad poems as "The bright moon shines on the snow, and the north wind is strong and sad", but in the Tang Dynasty, there was still a strong anti-war wind.
In the Tang poetry, besides the famous "Cold Night, Jiang Feng sleeps with fishing fire", there is also the sadness and loneliness of "a leaf wind on both sides of the strait, and I sail alone on the moon" (Meng Haoran's From Tonglu to Yangzhou).
The profound meaning of Wang Jian's "I don't know who will fall in Qiu Si tonight"; Bai Juyi's tears of "* * * seeing the bright moon should cry, for hearts, in five places, all sick with a wish"? Among the poets in the Tang Dynasty, the moon was cleverly conceived as a melancholy image. Rich in imagination, ethereal brushwork, lyrical and indirect, full of interest, it has gained immortal artistic life and vague artistic atmosphere.
Fourth, the love image of the moon.
The moon is emotional, with the entanglement of willow branches on the moon, the sadness in the moonlight and the loneliness of tall buildings under the moon. When love reaches the depths, the moon is naturally associated with love.
Although "nothing in life is more than affection" and "nothing is more than affection", the moon is still the best place to express affection and love: Xie Zhuang's Moon is a Thousand Miles away (Yuefu); Meng Jiao's "Thinking Only after Parting, and heaven remains our neighbourhood" ("The past is not resentful"), Zhang Jiuling's "The moon is now full of the sea, and the end of the world is * * *" ("Looking at the moon and thinking about a distance").
Deep affection, into "I wish people a long time, a thousand miles * * * good wishes." The moon is a Zen of love and a witness of love. Neither Li Taibai, who is free and easy, nor Li Yishan, who is affectionate, can refuse the witness of moonlight. Under the gentle caress of moonlight, people can be restored to their true colors.
At that time, the loss of the poet, the deep affection of the gifted scholar and the poet's thousand worries,
Are presented in spotless moonlight? Listen to the whereabouts and heart sounds of love. In the emotional world of love, the feelings and expectations of the Tang people are magnificent and ethereal, and their love is also very hot and strong. The West Chamber is infatuated.
"I'm awake, and the moonlight shines on the rafters" is empty and lonely, and "the moon sets and the stars are sparse and the sky is bright, and it's hard to dream without a lonely lamp" is deep. The vast sky under the bright moonlight is still the inducement and huge space for lovesickness. After parting, "I don't know each other at this time, and I hope the moon shines on you", and the feelings caused by moonlight haunt the melancholy and confusion of love.
"The moss and mangroves under the steps are clear, and the rain is thin in the middle of the month" (Li Shangyin's Final Residence); On a moonlit night, it's stormy and rainy, and lovers are "in the sky". When the "Hongyan flies too far and the fish and dragons dive into the water", it's time to add more sadness!
As a result, the boundless sorrow for the moon has become an endless time and space for acacia: "Upstairs wants to rest at dusk, and the jade ladder crosses the moon like a hook" (Li Shangyin's "Two Gifts (I)"), and the moon makes acacia, and Li Shangyin keeps talking for a thousand times and ten thousand times.
Of course, the moon water of time may kill and dilute love. "Where are the people who come to see the moon together? The scenery is vaguely like last year "(Zhao Shu's" Feeling Old in the Tower on the River "). Where can I find the beautiful image under the moon again? That is, if you call it back, I'm afraid it won't be the feeling at that time. The good dream has gone, the past is like smoke, and the old traces left in the air are floating in the lost sky of love.
If this is the case, in the eyes of the dead lover in Iraq, there is only the desolate and desolate landscape of "he stared at the desolate moon from the temporary palace, and he heard the bell in the late rain, cutting his chest" (Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow). Love, against the sad moonlight and heartbroken bells, is even more sad. "Where the Iraqis are, the smoke is vast." "What do you think?" So we have to grieve for "endless hatred"
At this moment, under the gentle touch of moonlight, floating in the sky, are all sad love elegies of the ages! ?
Fifth, the symbolic image of the moon.
In the poet's works, the bright moon is often represented as the natural moon, but more often it is endowed with rich and profound symbolic significance. Therefore, the bright moon is highly personified by the poet and endowed with human thoughts and feelings. It also shows that the poet does not agree with the secular noble personality. The symbolic significance of the moon in ancient poetry mainly includes the following aspects.
1, the moon symbolizes beauty and love. In ancient times, people thought the sun was the sun, so they called it the sun. The moon is cloudy, so it is called lunar. Therefore, people often use the month to describe the beauty of women's appearance, posture and sentiment, such as "the beauty of the month" and "the shame of closing the moon". In The Book of Songs, there is a poem, "The moon is bright and beautiful, Shu Yao is restrained, tired and sad".
Set off a woman's innocence and beauty with a bright moon. The moon image in Li Bai's poems also has this symbol and metaphor. For example, "Bright eyes and bright moon, smiling in the whole city" ("Antique" 26), using metaphor and exaggerated brushwork to write the beauty of women; The moon is exquisite, people's grievances are lined up, and the pen is written from the opposite side, which is not a loss.
"A cup reflects a sail, like a moon cloud" ("Meeting the Moon"), which is a metaphor for people and the moon, and people and the moon. The shy appearance of the songwriter who covers his face with a song fan is like the moon in the clouds, sometimes covered with dark clouds and sometimes half exposed. In fact, this also reflects the best feeling in the world, that is, love, which is not superfluous.
The bright moon symbolizes the yearning for hometown, relatives and friends. The poet is far away from his hometown relatives, wandering abroad all the year round, and can't help homesick for the bright moon. The poet is deeply impressed by the "cliff inclines to the bright moon" ("Hundred Zhao Mountain in Anlu"), so "If it snows on a moonlit night, it is thought-provoking" ("Autumn Mountain as Comfort"), and he misses his relatives and friends because of the moon.
"I am worried about the bright moon, and I will go to Yelangxi with the wind." ("I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao Kiln to send this letter") The poet turned his deep affection for his friends into whimsy, and asked Yue Ming to visit his friends in Yelang to convey his sincere concern for his old friends. It can be called the eternal swan song of expressing friendship by chanting the moon.
The greatness of Li Bai's poems about the moon lies in that he often extends his personal love affairs to show the thoughts and feelings of all people in the world, especially his homesickness for his husband under the moon, such as "The moon is accompanied by Hu Jian blowing frost flowers" ("The Next Song") and "Hanging off the moon in the capital, knocking on the washing mallet.
The autumn wind blew Yi Dao's voice, and every household remembered the people guarding the border. When will the border war be settled and when will my husband end his expedition? "("Midnight Wu Ge ") is about the thinking woman in Chang 'an who is busy making warm clothes for her husband in the border area in the moonlight. They are eager for the war to end as soon as possible so that their husbands can return as soon as possible.
When I get home, I express my deep affection for missing my husband on a moonlit night. The poet expresses the common aspiration and voice of the people.
Extended data:
In ancient poetry, the moon symbolizes the eternity of time and space;
The moon hanging high in the sky often makes poets think philosophically: the moon spans time and space, but in contrast, life is so short and insignificant. In their poems, the image of the moon has become an eternal symbol and an eternal witness to the changes of the world.
There is a sentence in Li Bai's Drinking asking for the moon: "Today people don't see Gu Yue, but this month they are used to taking photos of the ancients. If the ancients were flowing today, they would look at the bright moon. " The moon is still bright, by contrast, life is so short. These poems vividly show the plunder of life by time and the helplessness of life in front of time. They are meaningful and touching to read.
Wang Changling's "The Great Wall": "When the moon passes through Qin, the Long March people have not returned. But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to cross Yinshan. " At the beginning of this poem, a magnificent moonlit scene is outlined with the words "bright moon in Qin dynasty and local customs in Han dynasty". History is criss-crossed, time and space are criss-crossed, and things are transformed.
On the surface, this poem describes the beauty of the moonlit night and the admiration for the old general Li Guang. In fact, the poet uses Li Guang as a metaphor to express his helplessness and sadness that he wants to build a great cause like Li Guang, but he has achieved nothing because of the villain's framing. Here, the moon has become a witness across time and space.
There is a saying in Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River": "Who has seen the moon by the river? When did Jiang Yue take the photo at the beginning of the year? Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is only similar year after year. I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River delivering water. " Jiang Yue did this year after year, and no one investigated the characters for generations. The poet feels a kind of comfort from the beautiful scenery of nature.
There is a sentence in Su Shi's "Thousand Red Cliff Fu": "Is it true that the guest knows the husband? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow. Gai must view it from its changers, then heaven and earth can't be in an instant; From its unchanging point of view, things are infinite. "
For thousands of years, the poet has devoted a lot of feelings to the bright moon and new moon to praise her! Love is born of scenery, and the scene changes because of love. There are many good people and beautiful scenery; The heart is gloomy and the scenery is gloomy. The scenery is in people's hearts! Facing the eternal moon, different poets and different environments, they all have different feelings, and they all write their own unique feelings and draw scenes and feelings, so there are different poems about the moon.
China Writers Network-Analysis of Moonlight and Images in Li Qingzhao's Ci