Is Chongqing National Government open to the outside world now?
Open to the top. According to the news report quoted by China News Network on March 26th, 2065438+April, the restoration project of the former site of the Military Commission of Chongqing National Government will be divided into two parts, which will display all kinds of important cultural relics and archives of the Military Commission of Chongqing National Government during the Anti-Japanese War as a new exhibition hall for the public.
The main building of the former Anti-Japanese National Government Building was a classical wooden structure in China, with the front facing the road and the back facing the hillside. It is 52 meters long, 20 meters wide, 2 meters high on the base, with a building area of 2,080 square meters. The high-open gate is decorated with two stone tablets and piers. The building is built on the basis of a tall stone platform, and its shape is solemn and spectacular.
The gate is divided into three roads, and the middle road is slightly higher than the side, which is quite majestic. This is the old building that can't be seen clearly. At that time, the West China Daily once described its majesty and grandeur with the phrase "Stairs step by step are like the road symbolizing the future of new China".
Extended data:
Chongqing National Government (1937 65438+February1-65438+April 23, 0946) was the capital of China in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the political, military, economic and cultural center of China rear area, the political stage of the anti-Japanese national united front and the far east command center of the world anti-fascist war.
1937 after the lugouqiao incident, the Japanese army invaded China on a large scale and reached Nanjing. The situation was very critical. 1937165438+10 17, the chairman of the national government, Lin Sen, led the officials of the national government to leave Nanjing. Three days later, the Declaration of the National Government's Relocation to Chongqing was issued in Wuhan, announcing the relocation of the capital to Chongqing, and Chongqing officially assumed the responsibility of China's wartime capital.
1945 August 15, Japan announced its surrender. 1On April 23, 946, the National Government issued an order that the National Government would soon move its capital to Nanjing, and decided to resume the Presidential Camp of the National Government in Chongqing. On May 5th, the National Government, as the wartime capital, ended its historical mission of returning Nanjing and Chongqing.
China News Network-The former site of Chiang Kai-shek's Chongqing Camp will be opened to the public in August.
What kind of organization was the camp during the Kuomintang period?
The full name of "camp" is "the chairman of the Central Military Commission goes camping somewhere", that is, Chiang Kai-shek leaves the capital (Nanjing or Chongqing) to handle military affairs, or serves as the military residence of his supreme commander.
After the Anti-Japanese War, in order to take care of non-combat tasks such as seniority and territorial occupation, the Kuomintang expanded its command structure to eight levels: headquarters-battalion (shaft)-appeasement office (war zone)-appeasement area-corps/integrated army-army (integrated division)-division (integrated brigade)-regiment.
The appeasement office is similar to the provincial party committee and government plus the provincial military region, and the business director is similar to the East China Military and Political Committee at the beginning of liberation, that is, the party, government and army in charge of several provinces in the region are bigger than the current military region.
The Chongqing Camp of the Military Committee of the National Government (referred to as "Chiang Kai-shek Chongqing Camp" or "Chongqing Camp") is located atNo. 14 Jiefang West Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing.
According to preliminary research by experts, "Chongqing Hangying" was founded at the end of 1935. After the National Government promulgated the "Chongqing Camp for the Chairman of the Military Commission", Gu was appointed as the director, and the camp covered the whole southwest region including Sichuan, Kang, Guizhou and Tibet.
1937 after the lugouqiao incident, the national government moved its capital to Chongqing. As the chairman of the Military Commission of the National Government, Chiang Kai-shek's original official residence was located in the "Chongqing Camp".
"Chongqing Hangying" is a three-story brick-wood building with two floors and one bottom, which belongs to the architectural style of combining Chinese and western styles in the Republic of China. There is a "dark passage" under the stone slab at the bottom, which leads directly to the Yangtze River.
Cultural relics experts believe that "Chongqing Hangying" was the highest central organ of the country at that time, and the construction of "dark passages" was mainly for emergency escape and refuge.
Since 2008, netizens have reported that "Chongqing Business" is in tatters. In 2009, as an important anti-Japanese war site in Chongqing, the former site of "Chongqing Camp of the Military Committee of the National Government" was listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit. 20 1 1, 1 1, the site protection scheme was approved by Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Relics.
Extended data
In ancient times, the word "palace" was the temporary residence of the emperor's patrol, also known as "imperial camp", and later it gradually evolved into a specialized institution that handled affairs and exercised power on behalf of the emperor. In ancient times, "Hangyuan" generally referred to the hall of senior officials, without the meaning of imperial power.
In the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek not only played tricks on the emperor, but also had a strong feudal ideology in military dictatorship. Therefore, at the suggestion of his staff, the names of many military institutions are also very old, such as "Hangying" and "Hangyuan", which appeared in the early 1930s and went through the Agrarian Revolutionary War, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the middle of the Liberation War.
The so-called "battalion" means "the chairman of the Military Commission is on a business trip somewhere", that is, Chiang Kai-shek left the capital (Nanjing or Chongqing) as the representative of his supreme commander to deal with military affairs, or the military residence, because Chiang Kai-shek served as the chairman of the Military Commission of the National Government for the longest time, which is a title with strong military color.
reference data
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ying Xing
Baidu Encyclopedia-Chiang Kai-shek Chongqing Hangying
How to take a bus from Yi Baishi, Chongqing to Jieshi, Chongqing?
Bus route: 299, the whole journey is about 30.8 kilometers.
1. Walk about 540 meters from Yi Baishi Town and reach the hub station of Yi Baishi Fifth Hospital.
2. Take bus No.299, pass 18 station and arrive at Riyue Square Station on Heping Road.
3. Walk about 1000 meters to the former site of Chiang Kai-shek Military Camp in Chongqing.
Bus route: 287 → rail transit 1 line, with a total length of about 28.2 kilometers.
1. Walk about 760m from Yi Baishi Town and arrive at the hub station of Yi Baishi Fifth Hospital.
2. Take bus No.287, pass 10 station and arrive at Shiqiaopu (Yujing Xintiandi) station.
3. Walk about 840 meters to Shiqiaopu Station.
4. Take the rail transit 1 line, pass 7 stops and arrive at Jiaochangkou Station.
5. Walk about 1.0 km to the former site of Chiang Kai-shek's Chongqing Camp.