China's ancient poetry appreciation skills in a college entrance examination 1. Sentence meaning problem
Setup question:
What do the last two sentences mean? What thoughts and feelings did the author express?
Talk about your understanding or appreciation of the fourth sentence or the fourth sentence in combination with the whole poem.
Answer hint: to explain the meaning of a poem, we should pay attention to the meaning expressed in language and the meaning in language, and point out its function or what feelings and thoughts are expressed in combination with the whole poem
Key points: ① Explain the meaning of language, and sometimes explore its deep meaning.
(2) Point out the descriptive function of poetry, or express what feelings and themes.
For example, talk about Li Bai's understanding of "My heart remains the same when the mountains are dark and the autumn is crisp" in the fourth part of Listening to Shu Monk Luo playing the piano.
[Answer] (1) Write the scenery at the end of the song and the state in which the poet is immersed in the sound of the piano. ② The side describes the charm of piano sound.
2. Artistic conception type questions
Setup question:
(1) What images are written in which two couplets in the poem? Please analyze the artistic conception of scene blending.
(2) On the basis of understanding the whole poem, briefly analyze how the poet created the artistic conception in one or two sentences.
③ Explain the meaning of a couplet and analyze the relationship between emotion and scenery.
Answer prompt: Artistic conception refers to the artistic realm produced by the poet's subjective feelings, and it is the fusion of the shape of things and the spirit. Because the beauty of this artistic realm often exceeds the original intention of poetry, it not only embodies the basic characteristics of poetry, but also has the artistic effect of "incoherent and endless meaning", so artistic conception has become the core issue in poetry appreciation.
Key points:
① Find out the image in the poem.
(2) Expand association and imagination, and reproduce the picture in your own language.
(3) It is pointed out that the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery can be summarized by two disyllabic adjectives, such as magnificent, quiet and beautiful, lonely and desolate, desolate and miserable.
④ Expressed the poet's thoughts and feelings, such as joy, joy, excitement, sadness, sadness, parting, attachment, praise, admiration, heroism, leisure, tranquility, etc., or what kind of inspiration and thinking it gives people, and pointed out the reasons.
Example: Ask Du Fu's Jianghan, "Jianghan is homesick and Gan Kun is a pedant. The sky is far away, and the moon is always lonely. The heart of the setting sun is still strong, and the autumn wind is sick. In ancient times, you didn't have to walk a long way to save an old horse. " In the second and third parts of the poem, several images are used, such as "a cloud", "a lonely moon", "sunset" and "autumn wind". Please analyze their scenes and their artistic conception. What kind of feelings did you express?
A: ① The "cloud" in the second couplet floats to the distant horizon, indicating that the poet is drifting away from his hometown; The "lonely moon" in Long Night means that the poet is far from being alone with the moon. Thirdly, use "sunset" to describe twilight; Autumn Wind is a real scene. (2) The combination of the two couplets creates a lonely and desolate artistic conception with a lofty sky and a long road to Xiu Yuan. (3) The poem mentions "strengthening the heart", "thinking about illness" and "saving the old horse", from which we can see that the poet refuses to accept the old age and is not afraid of illness, and is permeated with a spirit of self-improvement and active use of the world; At the same time, from the perspective of couplets, the poet has a feeling of being old and strong, but he has been wandering all his life and was eventually abandoned, which is much less resentful than the old horse.
3. Image-based problems
Setup question:
(1) What is the main image or image of this poem?
(2) What expression is used to portray the image.
③ What are the specific features of the image?
④ What are the emotional characteristics of the image?
Answer prompt: The image of ancient poetry generally refers to the image of the protagonist, the image of the poet "I" and the image of the scenery. To analyze the image of poetry, we should identify the image, the characteristics of artistic conception and the blending of scenes according to the specific objects or pictures depicted in the poem, and then understand the thoughts and feelings entrusted by the poet and appreciate the philosophy contained in the image. It is usually analyzed from the perspectives of color, direction, strength, realism and movement.
The idea of answering questions can first summarize the overall characteristics and significance of images, and take this as the "central argument", grasp the specific characteristics or personality characteristics of images, and analyze and demonstrate this central argument in combination with the content of poems.
Key points:
What kind of image.
② Basic features of the image.
(3) the meaning of the image (the poet's thoughts, feelings and philosophy. )
For example: Q: Du Mu's "The Occasional Topic of Qi 'an County": "On the two sunset bridges, half a ray of light smoke is in the willow shadow. How many green lotus flowers hate each other, look back at the west wind for a while. "And Yang Wanli's" Twilight Tour of the Lotus Pond ":"The grass shakes its head and suddenly reports it, and the shawl stops a westerly wind. Lotus is still hot in the dusk, hiding in the blue umbrella. "What expressions are used in the two poems to describe the image of' Lotus'? On the different emotional characteristics of "lotus" in two poems.
Personified expression. The "violet" in Du Fu's poems is "against the west wind" because of "hate", which contains the poet's hate, shows the injustice of compassion and has a sad tone. However, the "Lotus" in Shi Yang's poems was blown into the lotus leaf by the west wind, which seemed to be "worried about the heat", but in fact it was shy, showing the author's love and joy, with a lively and interesting tone.
4. Language-specific questions
Question setting method:
(1) Talk about the linguistic features of this poem.
② Analyze the language style or language art of this poem.
Problem-solving tip: This kind of problem does not pay attention to the clever use of individual words, but to the taste of the language style of the whole poem. Therefore, we should learn to use the answering terms introduced in this series of Language of Ancient Poetry.
Answer the request:
(1) use one or two sentences or one or two sentences to accurately point out the language characteristics.
(2) Combining with the relevant sentences in the poem, this feature is analyzed in detail.
③ Explain how the words in the poem express the poet's feelings.
Please analyze Meng Haoran's Send Du Fourteen Visits to the South of the Yangtze River. "Jason Wu, as a hometown, is connected with water, and it is slim for you to go to Chunjiang. Where do the sails anchor at sunset? The language of the poem Tianya Duanren Intestine is colorful.
[a] The language of this poem is like flowing water, harmonious but not dull, deep but not straightforward. The first sentence points out that "Jason Wu" is close to each other, so say words of comfort first; The second sentence is about the scenic spots in front of us and the poet's vacant mind. The first two sentences are peaceful and implicit, and the feelings are not exposed. Naturally, the three sentences inherited the "slim" of the previous sentence; The word "where to park" contains endless eagerness and care. The end of the sentence is like a giant door opening, pushing the feeling of farewell to the peak. Full of affection, profound meaning, all in "looking at the end of the world", while "breaking people's hearts" expresses feelings without direct expression, incoherent and endless.
Second, the college entrance examination China ancient poetry appreciation mode 1. Analysis of artistic conception mode
Question method:
What kind of artistic conception does this poem create?
Problem variant:
What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
Solution analysis:
This is one of the most common problems. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions.
Answer steps:
Describe the pictures shown in the poem. Candidates should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in their own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination, and the language should be beautiful.
Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two disyllabic words can be used, such as lonely and cold, quiet and beautiful, vigorous and magnificent, bleak and desolate, etc. , and should pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery.
Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, but give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why.
2. Analyze skill types
Question method:
What kind of expression is used in this poem?
Problem variant:
Please analyze the expression (or artistic technique or skill) of this poem. How do poets express their feelings? What's the effect?
Solution analysis:
Expression is a method used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, you must be familiar with some common expressions.
Answer steps:
(1) Accurately point out the technology used.
(2) Explain why this technique is combined with poetry.
(3) This technique effectively conveys the poet's feelings.
3. Language feature analysis
Question method:
What are the linguistic features of this poem?
Problem variant:
Please analyze the language style of this poem. On the language art of this poem.
Solution analysis
This kind of question type does not need to ponder the clever use of individual words, but to taste the language style of the whole poem. Words that can be used to answer questions generally include: fresh and natural, unpretentious, gorgeous and gorgeous, clear and fluent, multi-spoken, euphemistic and implicit, bold and unrestrained, graceful and graceful, concise and vivid. ...
Answer steps:
(1) Use one or two words to accurately point out language features.
(2) Analyze this feature with relevant sentences in the poem.
(3) Point out how the author's feelings are expressed.
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Question method:
What is the most vivid sentence in this couplet? Why?
Problem variant:
There is a saying that has always been praised. What do you think of it?
Solution analysis:
The ancients paid attention to the refinement of words in poetry, that is, they asked to taste the beauty of these refinement words. When answering questions, we should not talk about this word in isolation, but put it in a sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem.
Answer steps:
(1) Explain the meaning of this word in the sentence.
(2) Expand the association and put the word in the original sentence to describe the scene.
(3) point out what kind of artistic conception the word sets off, or what kind of feelings it expresses.