1. Grasp the protagonist’s footing
Generally speaking, grasping the time and space footing of the lyrical protagonist can provide a solid platform for the whole poem, which is important for interpreting poetry. method. The main body of lyric poetry is divided into two categories: one is the poet who puts himself in the person of the person in the poem, that is, the poet imagines that he is the person in the poem, running and shouting for them, and pours out his heart on their behalf; the other is the poet who expresses his heart directly, and the image of the lyrical protagonist is also It is the image of the poet himself. Generally speaking, the latter category is the majority.
2. Pay attention to the title of the poem
The title of the poem is a concentrated expression of the poet's writing intention. It is like a red line, connecting the pearls scattered in the poem, like a window, allowing We see the inner world of the poet. Paying attention to the title and analyzing its meaning are also important ways to understand the whole poem. Because not all poems can find a foothold, such as poems about objects, poems about feelings, epic poems, philosophical poems, etc., generally they do not, so you should pay more attention to the topic.
3. Understand the structure of poetry
“Initiation, succession, transformation” is an inherent feature of the structure of classical poetry, especially modern poetry. To a certain extent, we can use it as a perspective to spy on the author. ideas, and then run through the whole poem. In the review and preparation for the third grade of junior high school, if we follow this rule, we will get twice the result with half the effort. For poems written according to the formula of beginning, succession, turn and conclusion, special attention should be paid to the opening sentence, because it is often the key to running through the whole poem and interpreting the whole poem.
4. The answer should be closely related to the content of the original poem
The purpose of the questioner's poetry appreciation test is to see whether we really understand the poem, so the ideological content and expression skills The analysis must be carried out in conjunction with the specific content of the original poem, and must not be discussed in general terms. If it is a multiple-choice question, you must closely follow the content of the original poem to make judgments. Otherwise, it will be difficult to prove whether you have understood the original poem.
5. Understand the common interference settings of multiple-choice question options
In terms of understanding sentence meaning: misunderstanding of polysemy, misplaced objects, substituting concepts, etc.; in terms of ideological and emotional analysis: making things out of thin air and far-fetched ideas , Arbitrary promotion, etc.; expression skills: pretentiousness, taking things for granted, etc. We should practice more in normal times and summarize the rules of answering questions in time.
6. Be familiar with the knowledge about images and artistic conception
Poets generally use images to express themselves. As the subject, the poet often becomes one with the object of image. Sometimes there are several images in the poem, and there is a certain connection between each image. In classical Chinese poetry, what is emphasized is the mode of interaction between heaven and man that "all scenery and words are words of love". Therefore, when appreciating scenery or objects, we often have to connect with the image of the poet to appreciate. And the two are often consistent.
7. Be clear about the poet’s use of allusions
Poets in ancient times liked to use allusions. The first reason was to use other people’s wine cups to pour their chests into the chest, which was a more euphemistic expression; the second was to use ancient metaphors to describe the present. , more confident; third, it can convey more information with fewer words, making the expression more concise. Generally speaking, allusions have two meanings: (1) using historical events to refer to the present through the past; (2) quoting or adapting previous poems, which not only reveals one's thoughts, but also enriches the connotation of the poem and improves the cultural taste of the poem. In Huang Tingjian's words In other words, it is "reborn".
8. Tips for appreciating poetry by memorizing
Understand the object from the title; read the feeling from the words; solve the difficulties from the annotations; understand the background from the author; find the basis from the original work; obtain from the title stem Enlightenment; find the characteristics from the first couplet; understand the main idea from the last sentence; grasp the emotion from the scenery; gain insight into the mind from the artistic conception.
9. Master the general procedures for answering poetry appreciation questions
(1) Recognize reading perception. After reading the poem, continue to read each choice carefully, use them to further comprehensively understand the material, and then solve the problem. In addition, you also need to read the title and notes to understand the background of the material or understand the author's mood.
(2) Activate emotions. After getting familiar with the material, you can either associate or imagine to further understand the artistic conception of the poem, and at the same time boldly screen the known options. For example, if the interpretation of some allusions or previous poems in the selection options is relatively obscure or far-fetched, it can be removed; if the evaluation of the author is too high or too low, or arbitrary, or extreme, it can also be regarded as "not good". appropriate".
(3) Single item verification. Some of the options are to explain or analyze a single item of content. For example, for the explanation of rhetorical items in poetry, we can check them one by one with the poems and remove those that are made out of nothing and refer to deer as horses. In this way, another major obstacle to appreciation can be removed.
(4) Distinguish authenticity. In the answers provided, sometimes they appear specious, sometimes they appear inconsistent, and sometimes they appear contradictory. For example, if the judgment words "all" and "all" appear in the choices, we should pay more attention to whether it is Be able to justify oneself and combine the content of the whole poem to eliminate falsehood while retaining truth.