I. Original text
There is a kind of fish named Kun in the north. Kunda, thousands of miles away. Become a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back, thousands of miles away, flew angrily, his wings hanging in the sky like clouds. If it is a bird, shipping will migrate to Nanming. South ghost, Tianchi also. "Qi Xie", ambition is strange. The text of "Hehe" says: "Peng moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand miles. It was Jiu Wan Li who climbed up and went to rest in June. " Wild horses, dust and creatures are blowing with interest. The sky is gray, and its positive color is evil? Far away and everything is extremely evil? It looks down. If it is, it's gone.
Second, translation.
There is a kind of fish in the North Sea. Its name is Kun. Kunming is very big. I don't know how many miles it is. Kun becomes a bird, and its name is Peng. Peng Bei is thousands of miles long; When it vibrates its wings and flies directly, its wings are like clouds hanging on the horizon. This bird will migrate to the South China Sea when the wind blows the sea. The sea in the south is a huge natural pool. Qi Xie is a book that records some strange things. It is recorded in the book: "When Peng moved to the South China Sea, flapping his wings on the water surface could stir up waves of 3,000 miles and fly around the whirlwind to the high altitude of Wan Li. It took him six months to fly to Fangxiu." Swimming like wild horses, flying dust and animals are all moved by the wind. The sky is blue, is it the true color of the sky? Or is it because the sky is too high to see the end? Dapeng looks down in the sky, just like a person looking at the sky on the ground.
Third, appreciate
(1) The image of Dapeng. In the article, the Dapeng described by the author is a huge, powerful, ambitious image that makes good use of Changfeng. The image of "Peng" written by Zhuangzi has a far-reaching influence on later generations. It can be seen from the poetic images of later poets. For example, there is a famous sentence in Li Bai's Fu Dapeng, "Dapeng rises with the wind one day and soars into Wan Li". Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the Song Dynasty, also had the ambition to "raise the wind in Wan Li and stop it from blowing three mountains away". When Mao Zedong was young, he also said, "I am confident that my life can last for two hundred years, and I will hit the water for three thousand miles.". Their similarities and differences are all expressed by Peng. Some idioms related to this article, such as "Kun Peng spreads his wings", "Pengcheng Wan Li" and "soaring", are all related to Peng's image.
(2) Imagination is magnificent. In Unit 6, Grade 7, the junior high school textbook, imagination is introduced to us through several texts. For example, Andersen's fairy tale "The Emperor's New Clothes", Guo Moruo's poem "The Market in the Sky", Yuan Ke's myth "Nu Wa Made Man" and four fables. "I don't know how many miles" appeared repeatedly in "There are Fish in the North Ghost", trying to render the huge Kunpeng. The sentences quoted later are also trying to imagine and exaggerate Peng's greatness, such as "Water hammer three thousand Li" and "Wan Li who reached the summit nine times". In Zhuangzi's time, it was really commendable to have such a rich imagination under the limited vision of life experience.
(3) Be good at reasoning with fables. Zhuangzi is good at reasoning with fables. Therefore, to understand this part well, it must be analyzed in the full text. There is a famous saying in psychology: to understand the part, we must understand the whole; To understand the whole, we must understand the parts. Part and whole must be interrelated and combined to understand each other. The article Happy Travel illustrates the author's idea of pursuing absolute spiritual freedom. Reading is not abstract, because the author puts profound philosophy in vivid and concrete images and stories. For example, the following two sentences: if the husband's water is not thick, he can't bear the big boat. Cover the depression with a glass of water, and the mustard will sail; If you cover a cup, it's glue. Shallow water makes a big boat. The wind is not thick, and its negative wing is weak. Therefore, nine Wan Li, the wind is next, it is the wind of today; Those who carry the blue sky and never die, then go to the south today. Later, it was compared with the two insects "Yi and Xue Dui". Explain the importance of accumulation, "suitable for ignorant people, change to eat three meals, the stomach will still be as expected; Those who are suitable for a hundred miles, leave food on the ground, and those who are suitable for a thousand miles, gather food in March. What do you know about the second worm? "Finally, although this is not necessary, there are still things to do. Why is it evil for a husband to benefit from the righteousness of heaven and earth and resist the debate of six qi, and to swim endlessly? Therefore, to a person who doesn't have himself, the God-man is useless and the sage is nameless. Therefore, the reading of this paper should organically link the story with the reasoning sentence and make a comparative reading, so as to truly understand the central idea that the author wants to express.
After reading the whole Zhuangzi, I feel that Zhuangzi, like Laozi and Liezi, has the idea of unity of opposites (contradiction). On the surface, Taoist thoughts are all born, but from the image we know: old age is strong, determined to clear the way, foolish old man (Liezi? Wan Li's Yu Gong and Kun Peng in Pengcheng (this article) also give us the image feeling of being ambitious and actively joining the WTO. We should not be bound by some inherent conclusions, but should use our own hearts to make comprehensive analysis and dialectical thinking, and select positive and beneficial parts from the profound Taoist thoughts to serve the great rejuvenation of our times and our study, work and life.