When the flowers fade and the flowers fly all over the sky, who will pity them when the red flowers disappear and the fragrance disappears? The soft hairspring is tied to the floating spring pavilion, and the fallen catkins lightly touch the embroidered curtain. The daughter in the boudoir cherishes the twilight of spring, full of melancholy and has no place to release it. She hoe the flowers out of the embroidered curtain and endures stepping on the fallen flowers to come and go? Willow silk and elm pods are blooming, regardless of peach blossoms and plum blossoms. If peaches and plums bloom again next year, who will be in the boudoir next year? In March, the fragrant nest is first built, the swallows in the beams are so ruthless! Although you can peck at the flowers next year, the nest will be empty when people leave. Three hundred and sixty days a year, the wind, the sword, the frost, the sword force each other, how long can the bright beauty last, and it is hard to find it once it is wandering. Flowers are easy to see when they bloom but hard to find when they fall. I am worried about killing the flower buryer in front of the steps. I secretly hoe the flowers and shed my tears. I can see traces of blood on the empty branches. The cuckoo is speechless. It is dusk, and the hoe returns to cover the heavy door; the green lantern shines on the wall, and the man is sleeping for the first time, while the cold rain knocks on the window and the quilt is not warm. What happened to the strange slave is doubly distressing? Half pity for spring and half anger for spring: pity for spring comes and goes, and then goes without saying anything. There was a sad song outside the court last night. Did you know it was the spirit of a flower or a bird? The soul of a flower is hard to retain as the soul of a bird. The bird is speechless and the flower is ashamed. May I have wings this day and fly with the flowers to the end of the sky. The end of the world! Where is the fragrant hill? It is not like a brocade bag to collect beautiful bones, but a handful of pure soil to cover up the wind. The essence comes and goes clean again, and it does not lead to filth and sinking into ditches. If you die now, you will be buried. Who knows when you will be buried? People who bury flowers today are laughing like idiots, but who do you know who they will bury next year? Just look at the flowers that are falling in spring, it is the time when the beauties die of old age - once the spring is gone and the beauties are old, the flowers fall and people die without knowing it!
[Explanation] Lin Daiyu took pity on the fallen petals of the peach blossoms, so she packed them up and buried them in the flower tomb. Now she came to the flower grave again, looked at the fallen flowers, and cried and recited this poem very sadly, which was heard by Baoyu. [Notes] 1. Flying all over the sky - Gengchen originally wrote "flowers all over the sky", but if you look closely, the word "flower" was a later change. The original copy had two small dots, which means it is the same as the previous word "flying". Therefore, it is based on the Jiaxu and Qi Xu editions. These two sentences may be inspired by Li He's poem "Flying fragrance fills the spring sky" ("Shangyun Le"). 2. Pavilion - a house built on a platform. 3. Catkins - catkins, willow flowers. 4. No release place - a place where there is no relief. 5. Take - take. 6. Forbearance - How can I bear it? 7. Elm pod - the fruit of the elm tree. When the elm tree has no leaves, it produces pods, which are white in color and look like bunches of money, commonly known as elm money. Fangfei - flowers and plants are fragrant. 8. The sentence "sprinkle" - related to two legends: 1. The concubine Xiang cried for Shun, and her weeping blood stained the bamboo branches. Therefore, Daiyu was nicknamed "Concubine Xiaoxiang". 2. The soul of Emperor Shu transformed into a cuckoo bird, and its cries stained the flower branches with blood, and the flowers became azaleas. So the next sentence follows "cuckoo". 9. Slave - I, the woman’s self-proclaimed name. Bottom - what, what. 10. Know what it is—how do you know whether it is... or...? 11. Xiangqiu—Xiangqiu, refers to the flower grave. Flowers are used to personify people, so the next sentence uses "Yan Gu". 12. A handful - a handful. Because the "Book of Han" once used "take a handful of soil from Changling" to mean digging a tomb, later generations (such as King Luo Bin of the Tang Dynasty) called the tomb "a handful of soil", which is used here to refer to the flower tomb. 13. Dirty - soiled by dirty muddy water. [Appreciation] "Ode to Burial Flowers" is the representative of all the lamentations of Lin Daiyu lamenting her life experience. It is also an important work by the author Cao Xueqin to shape this artistic image and express her character traits. Like "Elegance of Furong's Daughter", it is a text copied by the author with great effort. The style of this song imitates the style of the early Tang Dynasty. It is lyrically vivid and artistically very successful. This poem is not simply sad and desolate, it still has an air of depression and injustice. "Willow silk and elm pods are still young, regardless of peach blossoms and Li Fei", which expresses resentment towards the coldness of the world and the warmth and coldness of human relationships; "Three hundred and sixty days a year, the wind, the sword, the frost and the sword force each other", isn't it a reflection of the long-term persecution? An indictment of her cold, hard reality? "May I have wings under my wings and follow the flowers to fly to the end of the sky. Where is the fragrant hill at the end of the sky? It is not like a brocade collecting beautiful bones, and a handful of pure earth covering the wind. The nature is clean and comes and goes, and is better than the filthy dirt. "Trapped in a ditch" refers to the aloof and arrogant character that is unwilling to be humiliated and tainted, and unwilling to bow its head when imagining that freedom and happiness are not available. These are where its ideological value lies. Another value of this poem is that it provides us with important clues to explore the tragedy of Bao Dai written by Cao Xueqin. There is a comment in the Jiaxu version: "I read "The Burial Flower Yin" again and again, and it was so sad and emotional that it made me forget my life experience. I raised my pen again and again, but I couldn't write it down. A guest said: "Mr.'s body is not a precious jade. , how can I write? 'Hey! I want to stop writing from "The Story of the Stone". "It is worth noting that the comment points out that there is no way to add to this poem without reading "Brother Yu's Poster". Approved. It is precisely for this reason that the reviewer "stopped writing and waited." So what does "Brother Yu's posthumous writing" refer to? It refers to the paragraph at the beginning of the next chapter, Chapter 28, about Baoyu's feelings when he listened to Daiyu reciting this poem on the hillside. The article said: ...At first, I just nodded and sighed; then I heard sentences such as "I am burying flowers today and people are laughing, but I will bury them next year and I don't know who it is", "Once the spring is gone, the beauty will grow old, and the flowers will fall and the people will die without knowing it" and other sentences , unconsciously fell down on the hillside, and the fallen flowers in his arms were scattered all over the ground. Just imagine that Lin Daiyu's beautiful face and beauty will no longer be found in the future. I would rather be heartbroken! Since Daiyu can no longer be found, it is also possible to recommend it to others, such as Baochai, Xiangling, Xiren, etc. When Baochai and others are finally nowhere to be found, where will I be? And I don’t know where I am and where I’m going, so I don’t know whose surname it should be, Si Chu, Si Yuan, Si Hua, Si Liu! Therefore, one and two, two and three, I have repeatedly speculated and gone. I really don’t know what I want at this moment. I don’t know what I am doing. I escape from the great creation and get out of the dust net, so that I can explain (liberate) this sorrow.
Baoyu's premonition from listening to "The Burial of Flowers" was first of all "the time when Daiyu can no longer be found", and then he extended it to others, the flowers and willows in the Grand View Garden, etc. It can be seen that the person who reviewed the book "is not Baoyu. "How can I write" means that this poem is not a general statement. It is necessary to think of Daiyu like Baoyu, and so on, in order to understand the true meaning contained in the poem. It can be seen from this that "Ode to Burial Flowers" is actually a prophecy written by Lin Daiyu herself. This is proved by the clear meaning of the quatrains in "A Dream of Red Mansions" written by the author's contemporaries and most likely his friends. His poem says: "A sad poem about burying flowers seems like a prophecy will come true, but I don't know it. A wisp of incense will return to my soul, will it bring up the red silk thread of my grave?" "It seems like a prophecy will come true." This is something that only the author knows. This is something only the person who wrote the plot of Daiyu's death could say. In the past, we thought that Mingyi might not be able to read the entire novel like Zhi Yan, but now it seems that it is very likely that he has read part of the second half of the manuscript, or at least he has heard people in the author’s circle say it in more detail. The main plot of the second half begins. If we say that the things mentioned in the Mingyi quatrains, such as "gathering together like a spring dream and scattering like smoke" and "the stone returning to the mountain without aura", can also be known by speculation, then the poem about Baoyu's poverty "the king and his grandson are thin and rugged" " and "Ashamed of Shi Jilun in those days" and other poems about him being convicted and causing people in his heart to die of grief and anger for his misfortune, can no longer be imagined. The same is true for the last two sentences in the poem quoted above: Mingyi said that he really hoped that the incense of resurrecting the dead could save Daiyu, so that the two lovers Bao and Dai could finally get married, and bring the severed love under the moon to life. The red silk rope held by the old man was connected again. Just imagine, as long as "Shen Min" can be revived, "Red Silk" can also be continued. This is very different from the later continuators who imagined that the cause of Bao and Dai's tragedy was due to involuntary marriage. If everything is as written in the sequel compiled by Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E, then Baoyu already belongs to another person. What is the use of "sinking" Daiyu? Could it be that the purpose of "renewing the red silk thread" was to make her the "Second Concubine"? The last few lines of this poem are repeated several times in the book, with special emphasis, and are even mentioned in parrot-like poems, which shows that beauties will die of old age. The date is indeed when the flowers are falling in spring, and it is not an empty comparison. At the same time, it is said here that "I don't know who he will be buried in", and it is said before that "who will pity her when her fragrance fades", "it is hard to find her once she wanders", etc., then Daiyu also died in a very miserable and lonely death like Qingwen. There is no doubt that in the situation. At that time, it was not that everyone was busy organizing a happy event for Baoyu and had no time to take care of it. On the contrary, both Baoyu and Sister Feng were living abroad to avoid disaster. Those were the days when "a family should not be concerned about relatives" and "everyone must find his own family". In the poem, "willow silk and elm pods are fragrant, regardless of peach blossoms and plum blossoms" may have this meaning. "In March, the fragrant nest has been built, but the swallows in the beams are too ruthless. Although the flowers can be pecked next year, the empty nests in the beams will fall if people go to them." The original sentence is between the incomprehensible and the incomprehensible, pity for the fallen flowers and resentment for the swallows returning. It is difficult to grasp the meaning of Go, but now it will be clearer if it is used as a prophecy. Probably Baoyu and Dai's marriage had been basically decided in the spring, that is to say, "the fragrant nest has been built", but something happened in the autumn. Just like the swallows flying ruthlessly between the beams, Baoyu was forced to run away from home. Therefore, she lamented that "it's hard to keep the souls of flowers and birds", and left with her fantasy that she could "give birth to two wings". She cried sadly day and night, and finally "all her tears came to bear witness to her fate." In this way, "flowers fall and people die, and we don't know." If "flowers fall" is compared to Daiyu, and "people die" is used to describe Baoyu, it is completely consistent. Whenever Baoyu encounters the so-called "ugly misfortune", there will always be someone else who will suffer the same misfortune. First it was Jin Chuaer, then Qingwen, and finally it was Daiyu's turn. Therefore, there is a pun in the poem, "The nature is clean and it comes and goes, it is better than the filth sinking into the ditch", which can be used to express and show Qi. "Farewell to the autumn wind and another year", Baoyu returned to Jia's Mansion in the next autumn, but saw that the Yihong Courtyard was "red, thin and green", and the Xiaoxiang Pavilion was a "bleak scene of fallen leaves, cold smoke and desert". Daiyu's boudoir is the same as Baoyu's Jiangyunxuan, only "cobwebs are covered with carved beams". Although Baochai is still there, and it will become his "golden and jade marriage" in the future, how can this make up for the huge mental pain caused by Baoyu when he "mourned his wife"? "Although you can peck at the gray hair next year, it won't make you fall into an empty nest!" Isn't that what it means? These are just some details that can be confirmed from the clues mentioned in the commentary. The descriptions may not be accurate, but this poem must be consistent with the plot of Bao Dai's tragedy. This is probably not a subjective assumption. In fact, there are more poems that "look like prophecies coming true". Daiyu's "Farewell of Generations. Stormy Evening in the Autumn Window" and "Peach Blossom Journey" also have this nature. The former seems to unfortunately describe the scene of her later farewell to Baoyu, while the latter seems to be a pre-portrait of her ending of "dying in tears". Some people say: "Ode to Burial Flowers" was "born out" of two poems by Tang Yin. Of course, the poems are inherited and borrowed, but the relationship between "source" and "flow" of literary and artistic creation should not be reversed.
When it comes to the use of previous works in terms of wording, sentences, artistic conception and style in "The Flower Burial Song", there is no need to look for it in the collections of the Ming Dynasty. In the early Tang Dynasty, Liu Xiyi's "The White-headed Old Man of Daisei" said, "The color of the flowers has changed this year. Aren't familiar poems like "Who will be here when the flowers bloom again next year" and "Flowers are similar every year but people are different every year" not enough to borrow and use?
Even the flower burial plot does not necessarily follow Tang Yin's story of "burying peonies in a brocade bag east of the medicine column". The author's grandfather Cao Yin's "Mei Pavilion Poetry Notes" also has "a hundred years of solitary burial". Isn't the poem "Peach Blossom" enough to inspire his ideas? But these are all "flows" and are just uses. They neither express the main spirit of the poem nor can they replace the author's creation derived from real life. What's more, as mentioned before, the author's uncanny craftsmanship in this poem does not lie in the pathos and lingering expressions of those words that hurt the spring and cherish the flowers. Of course, the negativity and decadence in "The Song of Burial Flowers" is also extremely strong and cannot be ignored. It has had a negative impact on readers who lack analytical skills. Although this kind of emotion is artistically completely consistent with Lin Daiyu's ideological and character formed by her environment and status, after all, because the author consciously expresses her feelings about her life experience to a certain extent through the mouth of her beloved character, And revealed the weakness of his own thinking. We sympathize with Lin Daiyu, but at the same time we see that this sentimental aristocratic lady is very fragile in her thoughts and feelings.