We provide you with a detailed introduction of "homesick for the mountains in the middle of the moon at night" from the following aspects:
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It is sunny and snowy in Shu Mountain, and the buds of bamboo shoots and ferns are 1% off.
Jiang Feng skillfully cut the clouds and spent thousands of azaleas' blood.
the cuckoo flies into the rocks, and it is called homesick for the mountains and the moon at night.
Ba Shui Yang's feelings are endless, and Wen Jun's knitting is very popular.
If the grass dies before the grass returns, Jiangtou learns to grow acacia.
the tree is sent to the homesick people, and the Baidi desert city is five thousand miles away.
second, appreciation
this poem is divided into three unique poems with four sentences as one unique skill.
From the very beginning, I explained the geographical environment where the silk weaving women workers live: "In Shushan, it is sunny and snowy, and the shoots and ferns are 1% off."
Mountains are densely packed. These dark mountains are not only clustered together like bamboo shoots, but also surprisingly high, so that the cold light of years of snow shines on the tops of these peaks. If you stand on the top of this mountain, you can also see Emei and Qingcheng Mountain floating in the clouds, which are just similar to clusters of indigo fern buds. They gather around, and they are so numerous that they are endless. From the beginning, the poet pushed the situation in such a high, dangerous and boundless Shushan to the readers' eyes with a breathtaking look. The mountains are steep and steep, which may be beautiful for tourists, but for the weak women who are far away from home and suffer here, this is tantamount to an insurmountable blockade. And this is precisely to detain them and choose this environment. To deal with this group of weak women in such a sinister and huge environment, their fate can be imagined. These weak women, who are imprisoned here, will never return to their cultivated land again. Therefore, the handicraft occupation of silk weaving they are engaged in cannot be called "sideline", which determines that they have the basic conditions of "working class". In fact, the development of China's industry was characterized by feudalism and even slavery from the very beginning. In the semi-feudal and semi-colonial, this situation of the working class has not changed much. This is how the working class in China has gone for more than a thousand years. So until China overthrew the imperial system, when Xia Yan wrote "Bonded Labor", it was still strikingly similar to this poem by Wen Tingyun.
Wen Tingyun is really an outstanding poet. He attaches great importance to mountains and is affectionate. The poet didn't put his thoughts straight out, such as "Luo Qi is not a sericulture man all over the street", although he understood it, but that's it. He used the artistic technique of realistically reappearing life, and he just tried to truthfully write the typical environment where silk weavers lived in Jincheng, so that readers could follow the sad eyes of silk weavers to see the mountains that imprisoned them. In this way, although he didn't say anything, he didn't change the objective truth because of subjective feelings. He only painted nature truthfully, of course, not naturalistically. This is because he believes that as long as readers understand the feelings of silk weavers, they will also understand his poems. Therefore, if you want to understand the poems of a writer like Wen Tingyun, you must try to get into the specific emotional world he has set for readers, and read them in the same way as the protagonist in the poem. You must never take an indifferent attitude. When you see the colorful natural scenery in your works, you will call him aestheticism. As soon as I saw that he used words like "Wen Jun" and "Acacia", I was shocked at what decadent sound it was. He is really a writer who doesn't like to shout political slogans in vain. Reading his works is a correction to some works.
After giving readers an outline concept of the local environment, the poet directed the readers' eyes to the famous Jinjiang, with the aim of making the poem get into the theme quickly and let the readers see the work of another group of workers who are engaged in brocade by the river. With tears in his eyes, he sang in a tone of praise for labor: "Jiangfeng blows skillfully to cut Xia gauze and spend thousands of azaleas' blood."
"Qiao", of course, refers to the brocade, which shows the color and pattern of brocade, which is ingenious and surprisingly beautiful. This is a compliment, but it is also a compliment to the wise and skillful hands of brocade workers. The river wind blows this exquisite brocade, just like the rosy clouds just cut from the sky; The pattern on it looks like azaleas blooming all over the mountain. Literally, the labor of writing brocade and the exquisite brocade are very vivid and beautiful, just as Shao Xi Yu Yin said: Wen Tingyun is "skilled in making words, extremely beautiful". However, we must not dismiss him as "no different from Chen Liang's palace style" just because of his gorgeous words, but take a look at his ideological content. His couplet, for example, was written with deep affection by combining high praise for workers' labor with deep sympathy for their fate. The skill of the workers is superb, the finished product is exquisite, but the fate is tragic. So he deliberately linked "flowers" with "blood". The pattern on the brocade may be the azalea in Sichuan. The azalea, also known as azalea, is said to be dyed by the blood and tears of azaleas. And cuckoo is the legendary bird of complaint. Legend has it that it is homesick and cries sadly, and often tears are followed by blood. This image is very much like a female worker who is concentrated here and will never go back. This tells people that the brocade that these royal families, rich families and rich families wear is just the brocade that the Weavers weave with their young lives and lifelong blood and tears. This is a profound revelation. Wen Tingyun certainly didn't know what class was and what exploitation was. However, because of his loyalty to reality and his progressive stance of sympathizing with women workers, he was able to write such a distinct essence of class opposition. This is even more profound than "the wine in Zhumen stinks, and the road is frozen to death", because Du Fu only spoke of class opposition and injustice, while "spending thousands of rhododendrons' blood" even revealed the class relationship between exploitation and exploitation, which is tantamount to directly telling the workers that the flowers on the clothes of the giants were woven with the blood and tears of women workers. There is a great stirring and stirring power here. He revealed the essence of class more profoundly. Although this is not the call sign of the awakened one, it is already the snake of hatred in the corpse forest.
The second thought further describes the tragic fate of female workers: "The cuckoo flies into the rocks, and at night it is called homesickness for the mountains and the moon. Ba Shui Yang's feelings are endless, and Wen Jun weaves the spring machine red. "
The poem "Du Fu" is the co-writing of two kinds of Du Fu, the flower and the bird. The poet subtly changed from the pattern of rosy clouds on the brocade to the cuckoo crying in the forest. Then borrow the legend of the cuckoo, to metaphor women workers leave their homes and can't go home until they die. From the red of flowers to the blood of birds; From the crying and wailing of birds, the sleepless thoughts of female workers are naturally introduced. Then this "homesickness at night" contains many meanings.
At this time, if the cuckoo's wail of "it is better to go home" comes from the window again, they will be very sad. It can be seen that the poet is very good at setting colors in the scenery.
the long night has passed, and although I can't sleep all night, I still have to work as usual during the day. The women workers in Zhuojin are homesick and dull, and they just move mechanically when they are in Zhuojin. The running water in front of them gradually turns into thoughts, which fluctuate and change, so there is her "he", her parents, and a broken but warm home. This "endless feeling" is that there are a thousand women who will have a thousand kinds of thoughts. Wen Tingyun can be said to be a master of art who knew how to use montage more than 1 years ago.
women workers in brocade are like this, while women workers in brocade are sitting on the machine, and their thoughts can't be distracted. They only struggled with the heat of life, weaving their youth and hard work into the brocade until she finally fell dead. They don't have all the rights as women, just a machine in the boss's factory. Yuan Zhen's "Weaving Women's Ci" said: "The boss's white children can't marry to solve the problem." He explained himself: "I gave Jingzhou a witness that Gong Linghu had a daughter who never married." The tribute households of freemen are still like this, and the female workers who lost their freedom because of prostitution are even worse. This is what the poet said, "Wen Jun weaves with great success". Here he used Zhuo Wenjun's allusions, and there is another meaning, because Zhuo Wenjun was finally abandoned, then Sima Xiangru's beautiful song "Phoenix Begging for the Phoenix" was really tantamount to deception. This is also very similar to the scam of female workers' recruitment.
"Wen Jun weaves spring machine red" and "red" are synonymous with brocade. As mentioned earlier, it is the red of azaleas and the blood of azaleas. This "red" closely links the two. It vividly illustrates how these deceived women, such as "Wen Jun", changed the color of their youth and their life-long blood into brocade. Here, "Wen Jun weaves spring machine red" is beautiful, and it may even be said that it is fragrant. Because Wen Jun can make people think of elopement, and "spring" and "red" can also be classified as pornographic words. Little did the poet want people to understand that society is complex: it is a contradictory totality in many aspects. He wants people to know how to see the ugly inner essence of feudal society through the beauty of its decoration on the surface, and smell the bloody smell of people squeezing the bottom in its upper flowers. He is willing to use this gorgeous rose ink to describe the society, making it just like the colorful, complex and changeable society, which makes people know more about the bitterness, pride and frustration. Although Wen Jun had a romantic history of eloping with Qin, she also had a sad history of being cheated and abandoned. Here, the poet uses "blood" and "red" interchangeably, and writes "saving Dai" and "desolate city", "spring machine" and "resentment" in contrast. These women workers are facing the fate of death and poverty, but they have woven one machine after another of flowery brocade, on which they have woven those auspicious and festive patterns with their painstaking efforts. However, they just ended up happy and carefree in others, while they fell dead exhausted, and finally they threw their bones into the wilderness, even without a tear. Compared with Li Shen's "every grain is hard", these workers are still a reunited farmer, and their fate is even more tragic. Of course, the predecessors of China workers are farmers, but they are farmers who can't live in the countryside. Therefore, writing about the tragic fate of female workers is a profound description of the decline of rural areas in China. This is of more historical significance and cognitive value than writing about the hardships of farmers in general.
In the last trick, the tone changed from flat rhyme to even rhyme, and it was in the form of teeth, which made people read it as if they heard the sound of hate when they gnashed their teeth: they complained that the grass had not died, and Jiangtou learned to grow acacia. The tree is sent to the homesick people, and the white emperor is five thousand miles away.
here, "resentment" and "fragrant grass" can be described as two generations of silk weaving women workers, and they can also be described as generations of silk weaving women workers who alternate between life and death. In order to highlight the inescapable tragic fate of the female workers, the poet adopted a layered and in-depth writing: Du Fu is the ghost of the deceased, and it has turned into a bird of resentment, but it still can't fly back freely, and it can only cry to the north day and night, so that tears are followed by blood; Blood stained the grass red, even the grass could not bear its sadness and died of it. This is like "how can a man be worthy of such a tree?" However, this still can't move the factory owners, and the cuckoo can only cry here day and night. The dead complained about the birds in vain, and the birds wept blood in vain, and the blood also made the grass haggard in vain. All this is of no help, and it can't change this tragic fate in case. Writing about workers' sorrows and resentment towards those who caused them can be said to be beyond measure. However, the poet refused to stop, and he used the story of complaining about his daughter and missing her husband and crying to death under the tree to turn into red beans, on the one hand, to highlight the strong and unyielding spirit of female workers missing their loved ones; On the other hand, it is born out of this, writing the awakening of resentment. It means that the workers who came before died, and the acacia trees that turned into trees after death have all grown up and borne seeds. After such a cruel practical lesson, they finally understand that no matter how they wail, cry for blood, change birds and turn trees, they can't impress the greedy hearts of these public and private owners, so they can't get rid of their own tragic fate. So she said to these new workers who are still struggling to get home like her in the past: "No matter how you think, there is no hope. When you get here, you'll never get out! What's more, it has already been clearly stipulated in the "Six Codes of the Tang Dynasty, Ministry of Industry" that "once you join a craftsman, you have to join other colors!" In the end, you can only die sadly in another country like us, just prolonging the wasteland and increasing the desolation here! "
Of course," Baidicheng "does not necessarily refer to Kuizhou, but only refers to Sichuan in general. And "five thousand miles" is just an insurmountable difficulty seen from the eyes of weak women. From "the beautiful snow in Shushan" to "the barren city of Baidi is five thousand miles away", the care from beginning to end, from green to white, from birth to death, can be said to sum up the psychological changes of silk weavers all their lives: when they first came, they saw "the beautiful snow in Shushan", which was still novel and moving; When it comes to the feeling of death, it is a "barren city", chilling to abandon the bones and suburbs, and completing the whole psychological process from fantasy to reality to disillusionment, and from suffering to death, which is saturated with sadness. Therefore, it seems to be a short history of silk weavers. And it is so profound and moving that readers can find evidence everywhere in the book "Bonded Labor" more than 1 years later.
Here, the poet is uncovering the romantic surface of this feudal society, pointing out to the readers the bloody cannibalism of life. He clearly told people that the brocade capital he wrote was actually a deserted city built on the bones of brocade workers.
The ending of the poem looks negative, but it shows the despair of the ruling class. Despair of the ruling class should be the first sign of being awakened by the ruling class. Because he profoundly wrote the sorrow of the women workers' era, that is, profoundly wrote the sorrow of rural decay, which also wrote the coming revolution. Wen Tingyun lived in an era in which peasant uprisings were everywhere and the Tang Dynasty was close to extinction, which is enough to show that his feeling of no way out is a profound brand of the times. Therefore, this poem of his can be said to be "a representative of certain thoughts of his time". When everyone feels that there is no way out, a new revolution will break out. Although Wen Tingyun can't mention it clearly in his poems, it's because he is not a thinker. However, with the sensitivity of an artist with conscience and progress, he has filled his poems with bows, which is aggressive enough.
III. Notes
A deserted city: a "city shortage".
Fourth, Wen Tingyun's other poems
Morning Trip to Shangshan, Luoyang, Lotus, More Leaky, and Sending People to the East. Poems of the same dynasty
Sangushi, Warm Cuisine, Farewell to Xu Kan, Poem of Deep Sorrow, Title of Jia Dao's Tomb, Couplet Poem of Tiantai Temple, Song of Eternal Sorrow, Memory of Jiangnan, Spring in Qiantang Lake and Ode to the Mujiang River.
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