First, similarity comparison.
1. Same writing theme. Both articles focus on the West Lake in Hangzhou. Hangzhou has been famous for its unique scenery and beautiful water since ancient times, and the reputation of "there is paradise on earth and Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth" is well known. Scholars and poets have a soft spot for Hangzhou. Su Shi, a great talent, wrote in Drinking Chu Qingyu on the Lake: "The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are misty and rainy. Compared with West Lake and West Lake, it is always appropriate to make up for it. " The beauty of the West Lake is very beautiful. The author skillfully compares the beauty of West Lake with the beauty of stone. The two take care of each other and complement each other. It's a wonderful metaphor, and it deserves to be a famous sentence through the ages. Yang Wanli, a poet in the Song Dynasty, enthusiastically eulogized: "After all, in mid-June, the scenery of the West Lake was different from that at four o'clock. The next day, the lotus leaves are infinitely colorful, and the lotus flowers reflect the sun in different colors "("See Xiaomu in Jingci Temple "). Since the beauty of the West Lake has always been described by literati, how to make it spread through the ages with its unique techniques and novel perspectives highlights the differences of each literati.
2. Write down your feelings. Both articles belong to the category of landscape writing and travel notes in literary works, and both write unique feelings from the author's own perspective and the "taste" of the observed object. Because these two articles were written by the author with "heart", he chose the point that he felt most deeply and touched his heart, and really wrote his true feelings. Only by capturing these things that shock one's mind and the spark of thought generated in an instant can one consider a truly distinctive article. For example, "Sanqiu has laurel seeds and ten miles of lotus flowers" ("Looking at the tide of the sea") and "There is nothing to see in the West Lake in July and a half, only people in July and a half" ("West Lake in July and a half") are all beautiful words that have been passed down through the ages.
They are all gifted scholars. Liu Yong is a typical scholar with a degenerate official career, with a dissolute character, who has been wandering in the Qin Lou Chu Guan all his life. He once said to himself in He Tianchong: "A talented person, a poet, is born in white", "And he loves red and green, has an affair and has a smooth life. Youth is a soldier. Endure the floating name and change to shallow singing. " He devoted his life to the creation of lyrics and was the first professional poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. His words are very popular among the lower classes. "There is a well to drink, and Liu Ci can sing." Luo Song Dajing's "He Lin Yu Record" Volume C said that "Jin Wen's song, like the desire of' Sanqiu devil, Shili Lotus', then waved his whip to cross the river" [2]. It shows that Liu Ci is very popular and deeply loved by people. Even Su Shi, who doesn't despise Liu Yong, read Liu Ci's sentence: "The wind in first frost is tight, the river is cold, and the residual light is a building", and he has to admire: "This sentence does not reduce the height of Tang poetry" (Backstreet Record, Volume 71). Liu Yong is versatile, proficient in temperament, good at describing and using vulgar language, and is the pioneer of the slow word system; There are more than 880 tones in Song Ci, of which 100 was first created or used by Liu Yong. So far, making, quoting, approaching, slow, monotonous, two-color, three-layer and four-layer has become a universal trend. There are more than 200 words handed down from generation to generation in my life, with 17 key and 130 key. Liu Ci is appealing to both refined and popular tastes, straightforward and fluent, and has been highly respected and loved by people for thousands of years.
Zhang Dai, Wang Siren and Qi Biaojia were called "three gifted scholars" in the late Ming Dynasty. The two are closely related, equal in character and similar in talent. Zhang is good at writing, proficient in opera and music, especially in essays. His writing is fresh and smooth. There are many works in his life, but few have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Dream of Taoan and Dream of West Lake.
Everyone has a true temperament. Whether it was the romantic life of chasing happiness and buying smiles when he was young, or being banned by Song Renzong's imperial edict of "Let's sing shallow and sing low, why not do it", Liu Yong created a large number of words that were deeply loved by the lower classes and became the most popular singer in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his true colors were fully displayed in the lyrics. However, Zhang Dai's true temperament seems to be biased towards ordinary people. He advocated that "people can't make friends without addiction, because there is no affection, and people can't make friends without addiction, because there is no true qi." The composition will not be like an arty person seeking fame and profit, but a realistic temperament with high style, less exaggeration, less hypocrisy and less hypocrisy. Every time I read West Lake in July and a half, I can feel its true feelings.
Second, the difference comparison.
Liu Yong lived in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty and Zhang Dai lived in the late Ming Dynasty. Reading their works, we will understand their differences in life experience, content, thoughts and feelings, artistic characteristics and many other aspects. The comparison is as follows:
1. Different life experiences. Liu Yong, a native of the Northern Song Dynasty, was born in a Confucian bureaucratic family with an unknown date of birth and death. The golden age of creation was more than 30 years from Song Zhenzong to Renzong, and it was also a period of economic prosperity in the Northern Song Dynasty. He became an official in his forties, and his official position was humble. In his later years, he became the foreign minister in this field. Literature has made great achievements and made great contributions to the development of Ci. Its slow character structure is complete, coherent and meticulous, creating an artistic technique of "being good at simple painting, describing clearly, being meticulous and straightforward". Zhang Dai (1597- 1679) was born in an official family, but he didn't want to be an official. After the death of the Ming Dynasty, he hid in the mountains and wrote books. Advocating flexible writing style, he is recognized as a master of essays in the late Ming Dynasty by academic circles.
2. The content of the work is different. "Looking at the Tide of the Sea" describes the beautiful lakes, mountains and bustling cities of Hangzhou with a style of opening and closing, ups and downs. The four sentences in Shangque * * * are about the prosperity of the city. The first sentence points out the location, long history and the importance of urban prosperity of Hangzhou. The second sentence is about the beauty of streets, rivers and bridges, the elegance of residential buildings and the richness of urban hukou. Looking from a distance, weeping willows contain smoke, mist is like gauze, and Hongqiao is picturesque, which is really a picturesque natural scenery; You see, all kinds of buildings are row upon row, with scattered eaves and teeth, and thousands of families are happy and peaceful. It's really a full urban scene! The third sentence describes the Qiantang River tide, which is well-known at home and abroad. The surging tide surges like anger, stirring up white waves like ice and snow. The fourth sentence describes the rich and luxurious city life and economic prosperity. Write beautiful lakes and mountains in the following four sentences and explain the purpose of writing. The first sentence describes the beauty of the West Lake, "Sanqiu has cassia seeds, and there are lotus flowers in ten miles". The second sentence shows the happiness of the people in the peaceful and prosperous times through the happy life of Lianwa and Diaosou. The third sentence is about officials enjoying wine tasting and painting poems. The fourth sentence highlights the purpose of writing and pays homage to Sun He. The whole word revolves around the beauty of mountains, water, beauty and society.
The essay "West Lake in July and a half" is short, with only three paragraphs. It mainly describes the beautiful scenery of the West Lake, but highlights the human landscape. The first paragraph describes five kinds of people who enjoy the moon: dignitaries, celebrities, prostitutes, idle monks, ordinary people and literati. The second paragraph describes the first four kinds of people attending the grand event, satirizing the arty ugliness of dignitaries and the vulgarity of ordinary people. In the third paragraph, the fifth kind of people, that is, literati, enjoy the moon and are lofty and refined.
3. Different thoughts and feelings. What is the relationship between Liu Chun Qing and Sun Xiang? Sun knows Hangzhou, and the access control is very strict. Yanqing wants to see it, but she can't see it. He wrote the word "Looking at the Tide of the Sea" to meet a famous prostitute. Chu Chu said, "If I want to see Sun Xiang, I hate having no other way. If it's because of the government meeting, I want to borrow Zhu Lip's song in front of Sun Xianggong. If you ask whose word this is, say Liu Qi "[3]. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, Chu Chu turned to a song, and Sun greeted Qi Qing in advance. It is understandable to sing praises for meeting friends.
Zhang Dai, the author of West Lake in July, lived a superior life and pursued a refined life when he was a teenager. He claimed that "good clothes, good food, good horses, good lamps, good fireworks, good pear orchards and good advocacy of antiques, good flowers and birds". When he was 47 years old, the Ming Dynasty perished, and so did his family. Zhang Dai's life has gone through two different stages, and his life situation has changed greatly. Before Ming Wu, the beauty of sound and taste, the entertainment of eyes and ears, did everything possible; After the death of Ming Chengzu, he became the king of national subjugation and the son of ruin. "A chef in one mountain often breaks his cooking" and suffered for forty years. The past is like smoke, and everything has become a dream. Suffering is a kind of wealth.
4. Different artistic features. Tide at the Sea rewrites the natural landscape and tells a simple story. The first part is about Hangzhou, and the second part is about West Lake. It is described appropriately by combining dots and surfaces and crossing light and shade. "West Lake in July and a Half" rewrites the human landscape and is good at comparison. In the face of the West Lake, which was lamented by scholars of past dynasties, he wrote freely. He did not write about the scenery of the West Lake, but preferred to write about people who looked at the moon in the West Lake in July and a half. His ideas were novel and unique.
By comparing the similarities and differences between the two articles, I gained a lot of insights and gained the following promotion knowledge.
Third, promote awareness.
1. Tourism sentiment. Watching the Sea and West Lake in July and a half are both tourism articles. Can we get some opinions about tourism from them? Is it the same as our feelings in the tourism boom? Wandering in lakes and mountains, indulging in clouds and being attracted by beautiful scenery, this is a kind of; It is the second category to gain spiritual freedom and understand life through the scenery in front of you, the interesting look on coldly and the alternative fashion in the eyes of spiritual aristocrats. As a Confucian scholar, the Confucian thought of "being poor can help the world" is engraved in the heart. In prosperous times, if you achieve your goal, you will help the world, and it is easy for literati to make the choice of building the country and benefiting the people; How to choose in the period of rapid social turmoil and even war? How many people can really be alone? Huang Zongxi, who was contemporary with Zhang Dai, thought the article was "the vitality of heaven and earth". Whenever there is bad luck, the world is blocked, "vitality expands, courage is suppressed, and anger is aroused" [4], that is, in the period of rapid social turmoil, articles that resist the wind and waves and shock the world are bound to be produced. This kind of article is a reflection of the author's inner world. In the face of the noisy world, it is the same to enjoy the moon, some are alert and some are mediocre, while the noble and elegant gentleman is an indifferent heart, pursuing the realm of integration with mountains, water and lakes without a trace of fame and fortune, just like the life and death of Taoism, ignoring things and me, equality and nobility. Zhuangzi faced the death of his beloved wife, but he was "bulging". This is an inevitable law. Since the dead rest in peace between heaven and earth, it is useless for the living to grieve for it. Only by mourning can we get rid of material fatigue and not be a servant. Zhang Dai, Wang Siren and Qi Biao's family were three great talents in the late Ming Dynasty, and they were close friends in the boudoir. After Ming Taizu's death, the king vowed not to get clean and died of hunger strike; Qi left the poem "Laugh into Jiuquan, Great God stays in heaven and earth" and drowned. His former best friend has become a ghost in the underground world. Although he sang without Zhuangzi's "drum and basin", the feeling of "West Lake in July and a half" remembering the old friend has been fully revealed in his works. West Lake in July and a half shows the development of seclusion culture since Zhuangzi, because "on the one hand, it is the transcendence of secularity, desire and emotion, on the other hand, it is the pursuit of spiritual freedom" [5]. Only when people get rid of the gains and losses of interests and transcend fame and fortune can they create a quiet and peaceful realm of blending things with me. Such as: "the moonlight is bleak, the east will be white, and the guests will be scattered. We went boating and slept among the ten-mile lotus flowers. The fragrance was amazing and the dream was very pleasant. " At this time, the moonlight, clear mountains, lakes and lotus flowers are all quiet and beautiful. What is displayed here is the realm of harmony between man and nature. Things are human rights and things are human sympathy. Without abandoning all kinds of secular fetters, how can we achieve the unity of heaven and man? This is really fun! What a sharp contrast between vulgarity and elegance, noise and silence! His view on tourism is unique. Today, red tourism is advocated, and its realm is the pursuit of inner release and spiritual freedom. In the process of listening and experiencing personally, the heart is satisfied to the greatest extent, and the spirit is free to the greatest extent-beyond material fatigue, and the heart is not a servant.
2. The concept of harmony. Starting from the feeling of traveling, we can also feel the ancient people's explanation of the living state and thinking mode of building a harmonious society today from the two articles "Looking at the tide of the West Lake in July and a half". For thousands of years, the Chinese nation has thrived on the yellow land, which has been handed down from generation to generation. There are only two kinds of living conditions: "one is a state of relatively clear politics, relatively rich people and relatively stable society, which can be regarded as a relatively harmonious state;" One is a state in which politics is dark, people are suffering from each other, society is becoming increasingly chaotic, and even wars are frequent. " There is no doubt that people can enjoy a happy life mainly because of a society with harmony or near harmony as its main theme. Harmony is one of the main ways of thinking of our ancients. Laozi yearns for "a small country with few people", Confucius yearns for "great harmony", and Tao Yuanming describes "men and women dressed like strangers; The prospect of social life without oppression, exploitation, everyone's labor, equality and freedom is the reflection of harmonious thought. It can be seen that harmony is the universal need and desire of human survival and development. Harmony is a harmonious state between man and nature, man and man, and man and society. The whole word "Wanghaichao" is nothing more than a harmonious state.
First, the natural scenery is beautiful. "Liuhua Bridge"-the beauty of the street and river bridge. "Furious waves roll frost and snow"-the magnificence of Jiang Tao. "The lake is beautiful, and there are cassia seeds in Sanqiu and lotus flowers in ten miles"-the beautiful lakes, mountains, autumn moon, osmanthus flowers and lotus flowers in nature come here, which makes people relaxed and imaginative.
Second, people live in harmony. "Qiang Guanqing, Song Ling is full of night, picking lotus music." The flute is melodious, with the lake rippling, the old man fishing by the lake is complacent, and the children picking lotus in the lake are noisy and playful. Just one sentence shows us a picture of the happiness of the people in the peaceful and prosperous times.
Third, the society is prosperous and rich. "Pearl in the city, Luo Qi in every household, competing for luxury." Beads, jade and precious stones are all over the city, and every household has beautiful cabinets. People's clothes are glamorous and luxurious, and they compare with each other. It vividly depicts a society with prosperous economy and rich and luxurious life.
It is not difficult to see from the Tide of the Sea that harmony and harmony mean that man and nature, man and man, man and society and even everything in the world are in a beautiful state. It can be said that harmony is an enduring concept that the Chinese nation has contributed to mankind in the 2 1 century. Today, harmony has become a brand-new strategic thinking in the internal affairs and diplomacy of the Chinese production party.
In a word, literary works, whether real or imaginary, are true reflections of social life. The author has a unique vision, meticulously portraying the local customs, dissecting the society, and showing his true feelings. Through explanation, we can get a better understanding.