China is an earthquake-prone country and one of the countries with the most serious earthquake disasters in the world. To improve the ability of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, we must be prepared for danger in times of peace. The following is a 20-word earthquake-proof formula:
Shock-proof Formula 1:
When there is a small earthquake, prevent rolling and find shelter;
When there is a big earthquake, prevent crushing injury and find the triangle area.
Shock-proof formula 2:
Well water is a treasure, and the precursor comes early.
When there is no rain, the spring water is turbid, and when there is drought, the well water gushes out.
The water level rises and falls, and flowers are bubbling.
Some change color, some change taste.
It's going to rain, and the water will make trouble.
Establish a forecasting network and report abnormal situations quickly.
Anti-shock formula 3:
There is an earthquake in the building. Don't panic. Stick it on the load-bearing wall quickly.
Remember not to lean against the glass window and hide in the bathroom.
In case of fire, lie flat and cover your mouth and nose with dry and wet cloth.
Don't hesitate to travel against the wind, the earthquake will stop moving soon.
Shock-proof formula 4:
Don't run around in an earthquake. The teacher instructed you to lie down quickly.
Hiding under tables and chairs, organizing evacuation, with few casualties.
Stay in the classroom and you can't get out, don't cry and don't make trouble.
Calm down and hide in the triangle. Don't forget to cover your head with your schoolbag.
Drink as little water as possible and collect urine and blood.
Don't give up at any time, the hope of life belongs to you.
Anti-shock formula 5:
When the tall building is demolished, the elevator can't take it.
In case of power failure, haste makes waste.
Anti-shock formula 6:
The bungalow is very particular about shock absorption. You can ask whether to run or stay two.
According to local conditions, I missed the opportunity to rest.
Shock-proof formula 7:
Secondary disasters are very harmful and should be prevented as much as possible.
Power supply gas is a hidden danger, so close the brakes in time during the earthquake.
Anti-shock formula 8:
It is difficult to stand up when a strong earthquake bumps, and it is most obvious to avoid it nearby.
There is a small room under the bed and table, waiting for safety.
Anti-shock formula 9:
Outdoor earthquakes need to be calm and away from power lines and Gao Qiao.
Earthquakes in the field are equally dangerous. Avoid foothills and steep cliffs.
Seismic formula 10:
Don't run home after the earthquake, aftershocks are inevitable,
Go to a nearby shelter, pay attention to the disaster and wait for help.
Anti-shock formula eleven:
Animals have signs before earthquakes, so it is very important to prevent and treat them by groups.
Cattle, sheep, mules and horses don't enter the circle, pigs don't eat dogs and bite people.
Ducks don't go into the water and make noise on the shore, but chickens fly to the trees and scream loudly.
The snake came out of the hole in the ice and snow, and the big cat ran with the kitten in its mouth.
The rabbit jumped and bumped, and the fish jumped into the water.
The bees moved and the pigeons flew back to their nests in fear.
Every household observes and comprehensively predicts the abnormal situation.
Anti-shock formula 12:
In case of earthquake, don't panic, keep calm and avoid casualties.
Hit first, it is a near earthquake, and only shake will the earthquake be far away.
It's a distant earthquake, don't worry. If it's close, don't wait.
Live in a building, don't panic, go to a small room and hide for a while.
Kitchen and bathroom, solid, small span, safer!
Anti-shock formula 13:
In case of an earthquake, hide first and find a gap between the table and the bed.
Bend down against the corner, seize the opportunity to escape,
Away from all buildings, aftershocks crouched in an empty field.
Anti-shock formula 14:
Earthquakes are like beasts, which shake the earth when they come.
Don't panic when the earthquake suddenly comes. Calm down and do something.
Don't run when there is an earthquake, just hide nearby.
It is safest to run out quickly after the earthquake and find a clearing.
Don't be afraid of being buried in an earthquake, be calm and confident.
Don't cry, don't make trouble, keep your strength and wait for help.
Think about the courage of parents and believe that tomorrow will be better!
Shockproof formula 15:
Don't panic when the building shakes. If you don't jump, you won't tear the window.
It's a good place to crouch in the corner, obey orders and run.
Walk safely to the playground. Don't be nervous in case you are buried.
Don't panic if you don't cry, so as to prevent your body from being hurt less.
Looking for water, food, places, saving physical strength, etc.
Anti-shock formula 16:
When you find an earthquake on the bus, you should hold the armrest of the seat tightly.
Slow down and stop at the side of the road to avoid overturning and injuring people.
Anti-shock formula 17:
Outdoor shock absorption is more convenient, away from high-voltage lines in buildings.
Avoid street lamps and telephone poles, and don't forget to bring a flashlight at night.
Anti-shock formula 18:
There was an earthquake in the street, so I squatted in an open place.
Pay attention to falling objects, prevent buildings from collapsing and protect yourself.
Common sense of earthquake emergency:
I. Preparatory work
Preparing well is the basic condition to minimize disaster losses.
1, family safety measures
Do a good job in fixing large wardrobes, sideboards and refrigerators to prevent dumping.
Stick transparent film or adhesive tape on glass such as sideboards and windows. To prevent the glass from splashing around when it is broken.
In order to prevent the cupboard door from opening due to earthquake shaking and the contents from falling out, hinges are installed on the doors of cabinets and closets for fixing.
Don't put TV sets, vases, etc. In a higher place.
In order to prevent the glass fragments scattered on the ground from hurting people, thick slippers are usually prepared.
Pay attention to the placement of furniture to ensure a safe space.
Pay full attention to the management and storage of dangerous goods such as fire fighting equipment and kerosene heating.
Strengthen the cement precast slab wall to make it strong and not easy to collapse.
Always put fire extinguishers and buckets near the fire source.
Do a good job in building maintenance and reinforcement.
2. Preparation of emergency spare parts
Drinking water;
Food, baby milk powder;
Emergency medicine;
Portable radio, flashlight, dry battery;
Cash and valuables;
Underwear, towel, toilet paper, etc.
3. Hold a family disaster prevention meeting once a month.
Where is safer at home?
Confirmation of shelters and roads;
Learn first aid and rescue knowledge;
Division of labor among family members;
Confirm the location of fire extinguisher;
In case of emergency, the contact information and meeting place of family members;
Inspection of fire fighting equipment, etc.
Check the emergency handling bag and confirm its placement.
4. Establish a neighborhood mutual assistance and cooperation system at ordinary times.
After the earthquake, it will cause serious disasters in a large area. In this case, it is impossible for fire engines and ambulances to arrive at any time. Therefore, it is necessary to organize local residents to communicate through the streets and establish a system of mutual assistance and cooperation to deal with earthquakes, fires and rescue the wounded.
Usually, a cooperative system should be established between neighbors;
Actively participate in civil disaster prevention organizations;
Actively participate in disaster prevention training.
Second, scientific shock absorption.
When an earthquake happens, you should calmly deal with it and take immediate action to prevent it. If you act calmly, you will be safe and avoid disaster, otherwise, you will cause unnecessary losses.
The existence of early warning phenomenon, early warning time and earthquake-proof space is the objective basis for people to save themselves and survive in the earthquake. As long as you have some knowledge of earthquake prevention and make some preparations in advance, you can make use of the early warning phenomenon, seize the early warning opportunity, choose the right earthquake prevention method and space, and there is hope for survival.
Early warning phenomena: Early warning phenomena mainly include ground tremor, building shaking, strong and weird ground sound, bright and terrible ground light, etc.
Warning time: the time to escape. It takes about ten seconds from feeling the earthquake to the collapse of the house. As long as you are prepared in advance, it is possible to use this precious ten seconds to get out of danger, turn the corner and save the day.
Shockproof space: a space that can be hidden in ruins. Don't think that the collapse of the house is a dead end. Under the support of indoor furniture and articles, there will always be some living space in the ruins.
Third, pay urgent attention.
1. Did you run or hide during the earthquake?
Most experts in China believe that it is a better way to evacuate to a safe place after an earthquake. This is because the phenomenon of earthquake early warning is very short, and people are often unable to act independently because of intense exercise; However, if you live in a bungalow and find an early warning phenomenon, you should try to run out to an open and safe place to absorb shock. The so-called nearby shock absorption means taking different countermeasures according to different situations.
2. What posture should the body take?
"Lie down to be determined", that is, squat down, sit down or get down, curl up as much as possible to lower the center of gravity of your body, and firmly grasp the solid objects around you with your hands to prevent you from falling or being injured due to out-of-control displacement and contact with objects.
3. How to protect important parts of the body?
Protect the head and neck: bend the head and protect the head or back neck with your hands. If possible, put things around you, such as schoolbags, bedding and sofa cushions, on your head.
Protect your eyes: lower your head and close your eyes to prevent foreign objects from invading.
Protect your nose and mouth: If possible, cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to prevent inhalation of dust and toxic gases.
4. After the earthquake, will aftershocks still cause damage to buildings?
Many buildings were not damaged by the main earthquake, but they became unstable. At this time, if there are some strong aftershocks, although the magnitude is smaller than the main shock, the damage may be greater than the main shock.
Fourth, the main points of shock absorption
1. How to prevent shock at home
note:
Never lie in bed;
-Never stand in the middle of a room;
These are the most exposed and unsafe places in the body!
Friends who live in the building, the safer places to avoid are:
-Beside a sturdy table or bed or other sturdy large objects;
-Low, sturdy furniture edges;
-Open a small supported room, such as a bathroom;
-Corners of internal load-bearing walls;
—— Earthquake-proof space prepared before the earthquake.
Actions not to be taken during an earthquake:
-Don't jump off a building;
-don't go to the balcony;
-don't go up the stairs;
-Don't take the elevator; If you are in the elevator during the earthquake, leave as soon as possible; If the door won't open, lower your head and grab the handrail on the wall.
-Don't run around, especially don't go to crowded places in the corridor.
Friends who live in bungalows:
If the outdoor venue is open and early warning phenomenon is found, you can run out of the outdoor shock absorber as soon as possible.
Safe location for indoor shock absorption:
-under the edge of the kang;
—— Earthquake-proof space prepared before the earthquake.
Actions not to be taken during an earthquake:
-Don't hide under the roof beam;
-Don't hide by the window;
-Stay away from fragile walls;
-Don't run away from the window, lest you be hurt by the glass or fall down.
2. How to avoid shock at school?
note:
-all actions are subject to the teacher's command;
Students should take care of each other, especially those who are young, weak and disabled.
In class:
-under the teacher's command, hold your head quickly, close your eyes and hide under the desk;
-Don't panic, crowd or flee during the earthquake, and then evacuate in an organized way after the earthquake under the guidance of the teacher;
-If the classroom is a building, don't jump off the building, don't rush to the stairs, and so on.
When in the playground or outdoors:
-If you are in an open place, you can stay still, squat down and cover your head with your hands;
-Pay attention to avoid tall buildings or dangerous objects;
-Don't run around, don't push around, and follow the teacher's instructions after the earthquake.
3. How to prevent shock in public places?
note:
-Obey the command of the field staff;
-don't panic and crowd, run to the exit and avoid the crowd;
-if you have to squeeze into the crowd, you should prevent falling; Cross your hands on your chest to protect yourself and bear external pressure with your shoulders and back; Follow the flow of people and avoid being squeezed into walls or fences;
-Unbutton the collar and keep breathing smoothly.
In theatres, gymnasiums, etc:
-Squat under a row of chairs and protect your head with your hands or other things;
-Avoid hanging chandeliers, electric fans and other items;
-After the earthquake, follow the instructions of the service personnel and evacuate in an organized manner.
In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibition halls, subways, etc.
-Choose a solid counter, articles or pillars, crouch in the inner corner, and protect your head with your hands or other things;
-Avoid glass doors and windows and glass counters;
-Avoid placing heavy objects and fragile objects on tall and unstable shelves;
-Avoid hanging chandeliers and billboards.
On a moving bus or car;
-Hold the handrail tightly and bend your head to avoid falling or bumping;
—— Lower the center of gravity and hide near the seat to prevent injury in case of accident;
Get off after the earthquake.
4. How to prevent electric shock outdoors?
note:
-leave all kinds of tall and dangerous things quickly;
—— Choose an open area nearby for shock absorption;
-Don't go indoors.
Pay attention to avoid tall buildings and structures:
-Buildings, especially those with glass curtain walls;
-Crossing bridges and overpasses;
-Tall chimneys, water towers, etc.
Pay attention to avoid dangerous objects, towering or hanging objects:
-Transformers, telephone poles, street lamps, etc. ;
-billboards, cranes, etc.
Pay attention to avoid other dangerous places:
-dilapidated houses and dangerous walls;
-Under parapets, high doors and awnings;
-Stacking places for bricks, bricks, wood, etc.
5. How to prevent shock in the wild?
note:
If you are traveling in the suburbs when the earthquake occurs; Or, you live in the country and are playing in the wild, collecting firewood or herding cattle. What should you do?
-Leave dangerous places such as mountain sides and waterside quickly;
-Choose an open and stable place for local shock absorption;
-Squat or get down to prevent falling;
-Take shelter from the wind, with your back to the wind, and avoid inhaling toxic gases.
Avoid the following dangerous water environment:
—— Riversides, lakesides and seashores should prevent banks from collapsing and falling into the water, upstream reservoirs from collapsing and rising, or tsunamis;
-On dams and dikes, prevent dam collapse or flood;
—— Deck or under the bridge to prevent the bridge from collapsing or flooding.
Avoid the following dangerous environment on the hillside:
-Preventing landslides, rolling stones and mudslides at the foot of the mountain and on the edge of steep cliffs;
-On steep slopes and cliffs to prevent ground fissures and landslides.
Avoid other dangerous places:
-Under transformers and high-voltage lines to prevent electric shock;
-Factories or dangerous warehouses that produce dangerous goods to prevent injuries in accidents.
6. What should I do if I encounter special dangers during the earthquake?
Internal:
In case of fire. Never run around, let alone go to crowded places, lie on the ground and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel; After the earthquake stops, move to a safe place; Pay attention to crawl forward and go against the wind;
-Gas leakage. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel; Never use an open flame; Try to move after the earthquake.
External:
-when rivers, lakes and seas rise, they run to high places;
-In case of landslide, run in the direction perpendicular to the rolling stones, and never run down the mountain along the rolling stones; You can also hide under solid obstacles, or squat under ditches and canopies, paying special attention to protecting your head;
-When the chemical plant is on fire and toxic gas leaks, don't run in the downwind direction, but go around the upwind direction of the factory as soon as possible; Try to cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Emergency countermeasures for production posts in earthquake In order to avoid secondary disasters caused by earthquake and ensure the continuity of key system work, when an earthquake suddenly occurs, all on-the-job personnel should have the spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice, be calm and take decisive measures according to the actual situation:
Emergency pull down the switch and cut off the power supply;
All high-temperature and high-pressure devices immediately stop heating and pressurizing, and take decompression and exhaust measures;
Put out the fire and close the fuel oven door;
Isolate substances that are prone to chemical reactions from each other;
Quickly close containers or valves that store toxic gases and bacteria to prevent leakage;
The operator of the machine should do a good job of safe parking;
Trains, cars, etc. The running vehicle should brake quickly and urgently;
For some uninterrupted production and scientific research departments, on-the-job personnel should stick to their posts and deal with various problems that may arise at any time.
6. The earthquake was crushed.
After the earthquake, aftershocks will continue to occur, and your environment may deteriorate further. You should strive to improve the environment, stabilize the environment, and try to get out of danger.
Try to avoid unstable collapsed objects, hanging objects or other dangerous objects above your body;
Move the movable bricks, gravel and other sundries around you to expand the activity space. Be careful not to use force when you can't move to prevent the surrounding debris from further collapsing;
Try to support the rubble with bricks, sticks, etc. To prevent being buried again during aftershocks;
Do not use indoor facilities, including power and water. , and don't use open flames;
Don't make a hullabaloo about, keep your strength and knock for help;
Try to cover your nose and mouth with wet clothes after smelling gas and toxic smell or when the dust is too heavy.
Four formulas for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction
Earthquake prevention and disaster reduction is to prevent and mitigate earthquake disasters. The formula is:
Don't panic when the earthquake comes. Emergency avoidance is very important. Don't run when there is an earthquake, just hide nearby.
It's best to run outside. It's wonderful under the table and bed. Buried in the ground can't make trouble, calm down and think about it.
Calm down first and listen to the voice signal. It is most important to maintain physical strength and firm belief.
Earthquake, also known as ground motion and ground vibration, is a natural phenomenon caused by the rapid release of energy in the earth's crust, and seismic waves will be produced in the process. On the earth, plates collide with each other, resulting in dislocation and rupture at the edge and inside of plates, which is the main reason for earthquakes.
The place where the earthquake started is called the source, and the ground directly above the source is called the epicenter. The strongest ground motion of a destructive earthquake is called the extreme earthquake zone, which is often the area where the epicenter is located. Earthquakes often cause serious casualties, which can cause fires, floods, toxic gas leakage, the spread of bacteria and radioactive substances, and may also cause secondary disasters such as tsunami, landslides, collapses and ground fissures.
When an earthquake happens, if you live in a building, you can hide under a solid bed, table, small-span room or triangular space. When avoiding, pay attention to protect your head, cover your mouth and nose with a mask or towel and lower your body. Remember never to jump off a building or window to avoid falling or being scratched by glass. If you are outdoors, you should avoid tall buildings, choose open areas, squat or get down on the spot and wait for rescue.
Disaster prevention and mitigation formula
The formula for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction is as follows:
at school
Don't run around in an earthquake. The teacher instructed you to lie down quickly. Hiding under tables and chairs, organizing evacuation, with few casualties. Stay in the classroom and you can't get out, don't cry and don't make trouble. Calm down and hide in the triangle. Don't forget to cover your head with your schoolbag. Drink as little water as possible and collect urine and blood. Don't give up at any time, the hope of life belongs to you.
On board
When you find an earthquake on the bus, you should hold the armrest of the seat tightly. Slow down and stop at the side of the road to avoid overturning and injuring people.
In the building.
There is an earthquake in the building. Don't panic. Stick it on the load-bearing wall quickly. Remember not to lean against the glass window and hide in the bathroom. In case of fire, lie flat and cover your mouth and nose with dry and wet cloth. Don't hesitate to travel against the wind, the earthquake will stop moving soon.
The formula of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction is shared by two formulas of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction
1, earthquake prevention and disaster reduction formula 1:
The anomaly before the earthquake is a precursor, and group measurement and prevention are very important.
Every household observes and reports any abnormality.
There are many hidden dangers in the city, and it is difficult to evacuate in the event of an earthquake.
Draw a route near the block, and the mass transfer will not be chaotic.
Choose a flat place to avoid slopes and steep slopes.
Unsafe areas should be farther away, so the risk of earthquake is less.
Earthquake evacuation should be practiced and the route should be planned in advance.
Earthquake prevention is included in the course, and first aid kits are always available in the classroom.
Emergency supplies are readily available, and batteries, telephones and radios are readily available.
External information can be transmitted and external conditions can be linked.
According to actual combat and experience, we should prepare matches and flashlights.
Once the power is cut off in an earthquake, it is very convenient to light your own fire.
Prevent cookware from being damaged by earthquake and reserve canned mineral water.
Food and medicine can be controlled, and you can save yourself in an emergency.
Earthquake prediction is managed by the government, and daily minor prevention is done by ourselves.
Don't forget to turn off the water, electricity and gas when you sleep.
At home, wardrobes and book boxes should be fixed close to the wall.
Heavy furniture should be reinforced to avoid shaking and hurting people.
Flammable and toxic dangerous goods, stored in safety equipment.
In order to prevent sudden disaster, heavy objects were moved to the floor.
It is very important that the corridor at the door and the corridor are unobstructed.
Emergency items are ready, and the evacuation route should be remembered.
2, disaster prevention and mitigation formula 2:
Geological disasters are rampant, and landslides, mudslides and other disasters are prone to occur in mountainous rural areas, destroying houses, roads and bridges.
Most disasters are small in scale, many in types and widely distributed, with southwest and southeast as the key points, and central and northwest areas should be guarded against.
Disasters are prone to occur in flood season, so typhoon and rainstorm should be avoided as soon as possible, engineering activities should be arranged reasonably, and disaster prevention awareness should be enhanced.
The cliff is steep and full of cracks, the rocks are jagged, and there are falling rocks at the foot of the mountain, so it is necessary to prevent the collapse disaster.
Trees are like machetes, the ground is stepped, and there are many cracks in the air at the foot of the slope, so landslide disasters should be prevented.
The mountain is high and thick with broken rocks, the terrain is funnel-shaped, the ravine is narrow and the water is fast, so it is necessary to prevent debris flow at the gully mouth.
In mining and road construction, geological safety should be ensured, and waste residue should be excavated and piled up to avoid man-made disasters.
Earthquake prevention and disaster reduction formula
The formula for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction is as follows:
at school
Don't run around in an earthquake. The teacher instructed you to lie down quickly. Hiding under tables and chairs, organizing evacuation, with few casualties. Stay in the classroom and you can't get out, don't cry and don't make trouble. Calm down and hide in the triangle. Don't forget to cover your head with your schoolbag. Drink as little water as possible and collect urine and blood. Don't give up at any time, the hope of life belongs to you.
On board
When you find an earthquake on the bus, you should hold the armrest of the seat tightly. Slow down and stop at the side of the road to avoid overturning and injuring people.
In the building.
There is an earthquake in the building. Don't panic. Stick it on the load-bearing wall quickly. Remember not to lean against the glass window and hide in the bathroom. In case of fire, lie flat and cover your mouth and nose with dry and wet cloth. Don't hesitate to travel against the wind, the earthquake will stop moving soon.