High-quality lesson plan for "The Drunkard's Pavilion"
The first lesson
Teaching ideas
"The Drunkard's Pavilion" is an article Beautiful lyrical prose. The main thread that runs through the whole text is the word "乐". Intoxication and pleasure are unified, intoxication is the appearance, pleasure is the essence, and writing pleasure is to write pleasure. Therefore, we must firmly grasp the main line of "fun" in class and guide students to understand how the text unfolds the narrative context around it. Once you grasp the context of the author's emotional development, you can smoothly clarify the structural level of the article.
This article adopts a writing method that combines narrative with scene description and lyricism. It is necessary to guide students to understand which part of the article is narrative, which part is scene description and lyricism, and how the three are closely combined, so as to understand the artistic charm of the blending of scenes in this article. At the same time, it is necessary to combine the background of the times and the author's personal experience of being demoted to understand the political ideals expressed in this article and the attachment to the mountains and rivers to relieve the complex emotions of depression.
The language of this article has great characteristics. Parallel prose alternates, mostly prose, but there are also parallel sentences. In particular, the use of 21 ? ??Ye? characters at the end of sentences has a rich charm; the 25 ? Er? characters are cleverly used to make the article smooth, graceful, calm and graceful. This article also contains some famous sayings that have been passed down through the ages, such as "The drunkard's intention is not in wine, but in the mountains and rivers" and so on. Students are required to recite these famous sentences in class and understand their implications.
Teaching design
[Teaching purpose]
1. Knowledge objectives: Understand the structure of the article, grasp the center, master common literal words, function words, syntax, and accumulate famous quotes and argumentative essay materials, and read the text thoroughly.
2. Ability goal: Learn how to combine scene description, narrative, and lyrical writing; learn the syntax of combining parallel prose and prose, and refine words and sentences.
3. Emotional goal: Understand the author’s broad-minded feelings and political ideal of “being happy with the people”.
[Key and difficult points in teaching]
Focus: Understand the political ideals and complex emotions expressed by the author in the article. Understand the methods and functions of scenery description in this article.
Difficulty: Understand the political ideals expressed in this article from "music" and "drunk".
[Teaching Arrangement] Two classes
1. To learn the words of the article, use independent participation teaching method and make full use of the time in class. Students will read and think, and the teacher will solve the problems. , reduce explanation and analysis.
2. Through demonstration recitation, self-reading and simultaneous reading, master the tone of the words "ye" and "er", and understand the writing style of this article that blends parallelism and prose and has a rich rhythm.
3. Clarify the context of the article, understand the main idea of ??the article, and read the full text thoroughly.
[Teaching steps]
The first lesson
1. Introducing new lessons
Teacher: Students, we have just learned "Yueyang Tower", what happened in the spring of the fourth year of Qingli?
Student: Teng Zijing was demoted to Baling County
Teacher: Yes, why was Teng Zijing demoted? < /p>
Student: Support Fan Zhongyan’s reforms
Teacher: Yes, we know that Fan Zhongyan was demoted to Dengzhou because he offended the establishment by implementing political reforms. The second year after he was demoted to Dengzhou , that is, in the sixth year of Qingli, Fan Zhongyan wrote "Yueyang Tower", which placed his political ideal of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later"; in fact, during this reform, Fan Zhongyan and others were relegated. In addition to Teng Zijing, there was another supporter of Fan Zhongyan's reforms, the Northern Song Dynasty writer and historian Ouyang Xiu, who was also demoted to Chuzhou in the same year, which is today's Chuzhou City, Anhui Province. In the same year, Ouyang Xiu also wrote the eternally famous "The Drunkard Pavilion" in Chuzhou.
2. Understand the author and the writing background
1. Introduction to the author: Ouyang Xiu, courtesy name Yongshu, nicknamed Zuiweng, Liuyi layman (here, we need to expand the explanation with students on what is? Liuyi Jushi?), posthumously named Wenzhong, was a famous writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty and one of the eight great writers of the Tang and Song Dynasties. (Recalling the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Zeng Gong, Wang Anshi, Su Xun, Su Shi, and Su Che in the Song Dynasty) He lost his father when he was four years old, and his family was poor. His mother taught him how to read and write by drawing with straw. Later, he passed the Jinshi examination and served as an official in the imperial court. He was ranked as the deputy prime minister (deputy prime minister) and had the same official position as Fan Zhongyan. He supported Fan Zhongyan's political reform, and Fan was dismissed from office. Ouyang Xiu, regardless of personal interests, angrily wrote a letter to reprimand the relevant officials, and he was demoted as a result. "The Drunkard's Pavilion" was written when he was demoted to Chuzhou (now Chuxian County, Anhui Province) as a prefect.
Ouyang Xiu is famous for rewarding the underachievers in history. He vigorously supported and promoted talented people. The famous writers of the Song Dynasty, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Che, Zeng Gong, and Wang Anshi, all came from his disciples and were cultivated by him.
Ouyang Xiu is a famous prose writer, and his prose achievements are very high. His articles are easy to understand, euphemistic and colorful, and have their own style. They had a great influence on the literary world in the Northern Song Dynasty and even later. Through "The Drunkard's Pavilion", we can also get a glimpse of the style of Ouyang Xiu's works.
Ouyang Xiu is not only famous for his prose, but also has high achievements in his poetry and literary criticism. Ouyang Xiu is also a famous historian. Two of the "Twenty-Four Histories" were compiled by him, namely "New History of the Five Dynasties" and "New Book of Tang". Ouyang Xiu can be regarded as a well-educated scholar. He made outstanding contributions to our country's literature and culture throughout his life.
2. Writing background:
The Drunkard Pavilion is located at the foothills of Langya Mountain and is one of the famous monuments in Anhui Province. It is a masterpiece written by the great essayist Ouyang Xiu of the Song Dynasty - "The Drunkard Pavilion". "Remember", it is this pavilion that is recorded.
During the reign of Song Renshou and Qingli, the government was corrupt and the powerful were in power. Ouyang Xiu, who was an official during the imperial relocation, advocated reforming current affairs, did not avoid slander, and dared to expose the secrets of officials, thus offending the left prime minister Xia Song and others. Xia Song falsely accused him in front of the emperor. The Hui Shou listened to Greedy's words and demoted Ouyang Xiu to Chuzhou.
In the fifth year of Qingli reign of Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was slandered and resigned. Ouyang Xiu Shangshu made a resolution for him, which offended the establishment and was demoted to the magistrate of Chuzhou. After being demoted, Ouyang Xiu felt depressed and often went to Langya Mountain, ten miles southwest of Chuzhou City, and became an sworn friend of the abbot of the mountain temple, the monk Zhixian. In the sixth year of Qingli, Zhixian built a pavilion next to the brewing spring in Langya Mountain as a place to rest. Ouyang Xiu climbed up to the pavilion and often got drunk after drinking too little, so he named it "Drunkard's Pavilion" and wrote "The Drunkard's Pavilion", a beautiful article that will last forever.
Supplementary explanation: Liuyi layman
3. Preliminary perception of the article
1 Ask one student to stand up and read the text aloud. The other students listen carefully and tell them what they don’t know. Mark the pronunciation of the word read aloud, and mark the pronunciation of the student's mispronunciation
2. Analyze the pronunciation of the word read aloud by the classmate just now, and make corrections
3. Play the recording of the text, and students will correct their mispronunciation or Can't read the pronunciation of the characters.
4. The key pronunciations to pay attention to in the PPT projection (students who do not have the notes in the notes will mark the pronunciation in the book)
滁( ) 呑( ) 琊( ) 溺( ) 莺( ) ( )
Seng( ) 脄( ) 霏( ) 暝( ) 洌( )
茌( ) 祄( ) 翳( ) shoot( ) 觥( )
廻( ) toward ( )
5. Read the text aloud in a group
Before reading the text aloud, guide students to pay attention to 21 points when reading aloud. The tone is different. ?Ye? roughly expresses the following moods:
(1) Statement (used to describe scenery). For example: Chu is surrounded by mountains. Langya also.
(2) Affirmation (used to introduce people’s names). For example: Zhixian, the monk of the mountain. The prefect calls himself.
(3) Sigh (used to express one’s feelings directly). Such as: caring about the mountains and rivers. The wine is contained in the heart.
When reading aloud, you should further understand the author's thoughts and feelings through the above tone. There should be a longer pause after the word "ye" is read.
When reading aloud, you should also pay attention to the 25 words ? and ?, and you should distinguish the importance when reading. Generally speaking, anything that indicates a transition or progression must be stressed. For example: the scenery in the four seasons is different, and the joy is endless. Any ?er? that connects words and ?er? that adjusts syllables can be read lightly. For example: Go in the morning and return in the evening.
In addition, we should also pay attention to the combination of parallel prose and prose. The rhythm when reading should be varied and pleasant to the ear.
4. Clear the main idea of ??the whole text
1. Cooperative learning.
The two of them worked together to clarify the main ideas of the text by referring to the annotations. For sentences without annotations, solve them by relying on the classical Chinese knowledge you have learned or consulting reference books; if you cannot solve them, draw them down and wait for the whole class to discuss and solve them.
Description: Guide students to use the annotations and reference books in the book to study independently, which also cultivates students' self-study ability. The purpose of setting up a two-person group to discuss the main ideas of the full text is to inspire each other and to mobilize enthusiasm and initiative in learning.
2. Solve problems collectively.
Each group raises the problems encountered in clearing up the meaning of the text and discusses them collectively. The teacher gives timely guidance or answers.
3. Word summary.
(Slideshow.
)
(1) There is a pavilion standing over the spring, looking from high to low
The wine that contains the heart is also sustenance
The wild flowers are fragrant and the fragrance blooms
The tourists leave and the birds also leave
Who gives the name? The prefect calls himself and conjugates nouns into verbs to name; refer to
(2) There is a pavilion that stands over the spring like outstretched wings
It is complex and intertwined
It seems that the author is drunk during the writing. The way of falling
(Of course: the end of the adjective, can it be interpreted as the way of?)
(3)And
The stream is deep and the fish is fat, indicating a parallel relationship
When the sun rises, Lin Fei opens the watch to inherit the relationship.
The person who is mixed but the former is the watch to modify the relationship.
Drinking less often makes you drunk, but the year is the highest watch. Relationship
Birds know the joy of mountains and forests, but they don’t know the joy of people. It means turning relationship
(4) also
It means that there are mountains all around Chuzhou
p>
It expresses affirmation of the monk Zhixian of the mountain
It expresses sigh and cares about the mountains and rivers
4. Accumulation idiom
The meaning of drunken old man: It turns out that the author said that his real intention in the pavilion was not to drink, but to enjoy the scenery in the mountains. Later it was used to express that the original intention was not here but in other aspects.
When the water falls, the rocks at the bottom will be exposed. It means that the truth of the matter is fully revealed.
Peaks and twists and turns: peaks and ridges overlap and the mountain roads wind and twist. Describes the twists and turns of the scenic spots. Sometimes it is also used as a metaphor for a turnaround after a setback.
Interlacing of wine vessels and wine chips: The interaction between wine vessels and wine chips is complex. Describe a lively scene when many people gather and drink.
山菜野苋: Also known as "山菜野湋". Refers to the game and wild vegetables in the mountains.
5. Read the text again
Requirement: Read aloud each. Pay attention to find the word that expresses the main idea of ??the whole text and draw it.
6. Assign homework
1. Read the full text thoroughly.
2. Complete the after-class exercises.
Second Lesson
1. Introduction
Students, what kind of beautiful scenery made the drunken man Ouyang Xiu so drunk? Let’s follow this video together. Record together to enjoy the beautiful scenery.
2. Listen to the video recording and appreciate the beautiful scenery of Drunkard Pavilion
3. Analyze the text
1. Guide students to explore question 1: Why is the prefect drunk? ?Understand its ideological content.
(1) Based on your own experience of reading during the preview, let’s talk about why the prefect got drunk.
Students can speak freely.
The teacher summarizes and summarizes: intoxicated by the scenery, intoxicated by the people, and intoxicated by the love. Writing on the blackboard:
(2) Which sentences in the text describe the landscape, morning and evening scenes and the four seasons around the Drunkard Pavilion?
(1) Make it clear: A. Landscape scenery: Its southwest peaks and forest ravines are particularly beautiful. The one who looks awe-inspiring yet profound is Langya. After walking six or seven miles up the mountain, you gradually hear the sound of gurgling water, and what emerges between the two peaks is called Ningquan. On the winding road, there is a pavilion standing over the spring, which is called the Drunkard Pavilion.
B. The scene of morning and evening: if the sun rises and the forest falls, the clouds return and the caves are dark, and the darkness changes, this is the morning and evening in the mountains
C. The four seasons Scenery: The wild fields are fragrant and fragrant, the beautiful trees are beautiful but densely shaded, the wind and frost are high and pure, the water falls and the rocks emerge, these are the four seasons in the mountains.
(2) The Drunkard Pavilion is surrounded by mountains and rivers, and the scenery is ever-changing. How many scenes did the author paint? What is the order of describing the scenes? Nominate students to answer.
Clearly:
In the first paragraph, the author uses the changing technique of space to change the scene step by step, from far to near, and depicts close-ups of landscapes for us, which can be summarized as : The picture of surrounded by mountains? The picture of Langya’s beauty? The picture of brewing spring and flowing water? The picture of Xi Pavilion spreading its wings.
The second paragraph uses the passage of time to capture the characteristics of dawn, dusk and the four seasons, and depicts the contrasting changes in darkness and scenery of the four seasons:? The wild fields are fragrant and fragrant? The spring is full of spring, and the beautiful trees are beautiful But when the clouds are overcast, the summer heat is pressing, when the wind and frost are noble, when the autumn air is crisp, when the water falls and the rocks are revealed, there is silence. When writing about morning and evening pictures, it is a vertical unfolding of a day, while when writing about the four seasons, it is a horizontal layout. Describe the changes in scenery in the morning and evening, grasp the characteristics of "brightness" and "darkness", and use "sunrise" and "cloud return" to write the changing scene of "sunrise" and "clouds return" in the dark forest, becoming two contrasting pictures. Writing Four Seasons captures the unique scenery of mountains, flowers, trees, springs, and rocks, and writes four completely different pictures.
The author writes about mountains, rivers, flowers and trees, which all contain the author’s deep feelings. Therefore, the author laments: The drunkard’s intention is not in wine, but in the mountains and rivers. The joy of mountains and rivers is the wine contained in the heart. ?This sentence directly connects scenery and emotion.
4. The people in the article are happy
Good mountains, good waters and good places naturally have to be appreciated by people. So, how does the text describe people's happy scenes?
1. How does the text describe the joy of the people of Chuzhou?
Clearly:? As for those who lose, they sing on the road, and those who travel. Resting in the tree, the former calls, the latter responds, hunched over to support, and never stop coming and going?
2. What is written in the third paragraph: How many layers can it be divided into? At the beginning of the paragraph? As for? What? Function?
To write about Chu people, guests and prefects visiting Langya Mountain. It can be divided into four small layers. They are: "Churen's Tour", "Prefect's Banquet", "All Guests Rejoicing"
"Prefect's Drunkenness". Among them, "Prefect Zui" is the core of the whole paragraph, and the others are foils. Writing "Drunk" is also a pleasure to write.
Use the word "as to" to indicate that the content of this layer is parallel to the previous layer.
3. Why should we write "Churen Tour" before writing "Prefect's Banquet"?
In order to create a happy atmosphere for "Prefect's Banquet" and contain the author's relationship with the "Prefect's Banquet" The purpose of the people being happy together.
4. What are the characteristics of the structure of this paragraph? What is the function of writing it this way?
Use three parallel levels to highlight the last level.
The prefect stands out among the large and small environments and many characters.
5. The happiness of Chu people can all be seen in the eyes of the prefect. What connotations can be understood from writing about the happiness of the people in Chuzhou?
Is there any happiness of the governor in it?
It is not only the governor and his guests who enjoy the joy of mountains and rivers, but also the governor and his guests. There are people in Chuzhou, and everyone in the state can indulge in water.
?Churen Travel? The writing is vivid and colorful. There are singing and echoing sounds, there are negative people and travelers, there are old people and children, and the common people are traveling happily because they live a stable and prosperous life, and this is due to the prefect's efforts to govern. related. The prefect is happy for this, and he can enjoy it with the people. This is his political ideal.
4. Prefect, why are all the guests enjoying themselves?
Prefect: The joy of mountains and rivers, the joy of feasting, and the joy of sharing with the people.
Guests: Have fun while traveling with the prefect
5. What kind of music is the author yearning for? How to understand? The prefect enjoys it?
< p> The only way to enjoy yourself is to have fun with the people. This is the highest level of happiness. It further points out that the prefect is not only interested in landscapes. What's more important is the purpose of this article: "Happiness with the Name". It also implicitly shows the author's political ideals and ambitions."The prefect is happy" is the finishing touch. The author implicitly expresses his complicated emotions here, which include not only the joy of relieving depression, but also the relief of seeing his political achievements and being a leader in politics and people.
"The governor is happy" is a reflection of the author's political ideal of "being happy with the people".
5. Guiding recitation
1. Guiding recitation, focusing on guiding students to understand the content from the content, and try not to memorize it by rote. The first natural paragraph, ***ll sentence, is divided into three levels to understand and recite. The first 4 sentences are memorized together to describe the scenery from far to near (except for one sentence); the 5th to 9th sentences are memorized together, and the person who writes the pavilion here is the name of the pavilion, which is the origin of the title "Drunkard Old Man"; the last two sentences are memorized together. Put the sentences
and memorize them together. Other paragraphs are also divided into layers first, and sentences with related content are memorized together to facilitate memory. ?
2. Recite paragraph by paragraph. There is a limited recitation time for each paragraph to cultivate the ability to memorize.