Different poems describe the scenery from different angles, some pay attention to spatial order, some pay attention to color description, and some describe the scenery from the perspective of the senses of the characters. When reading, if you read from these angles, you can understand the characteristics of poetic scenery.
(1) space angle
There is always an order to write landscapes, high and low, up and down, inside and outside. In any case, there is always a clear hierarchy. Su Shi's "Partridge Sky", the first landscape, from far to near, from high to low, has distinct layers. "The forest breaks the mountain, the bamboo hides the wall, the cicada grass withers the pond" is written at the end of the distant forest, and the mountain is clearly visible. Then, I wrote about the bamboo wall nearby. The small pond was full of hay and cicadas everywhere. Then, "from time to time, turn over the blank birds, and the water is bright and the red fragrance is overflowing", from high to low, orderly. It can be seen that spatial order is an angle to appreciate landscape poetry.
(2) Color angle
The scenery written in the poem is different in color. Combining different colors of scenery into a painting will give you the effect of painting in poetry. When appreciating, we can analyze the characteristics of scenery writing from the perspective of scenery color. In Wang Wei's Pastoral Music, two poems, "Peach is full of rain, willow green is full of smoke", which are red and green with distinct colors, reminding people of the charming scene of peach blossom and green willow covered with hookah after a night of spring rain. The two colors "red" and "green" play an extremely important role in appreciation. Appreciating poems, grasping the words expressing colors and analyzing the beauty of colorful pictures will highlight the characteristics of scenery writing.
(3) Appreciation of sensory organs.
In poetry, the author often writes about the scenery from the perspectives of his own hearing, sight and smell, which requires us to analyze what the poet sees, hears and feels when appreciating. For example, Bai Juyi's poem "Night Snow" describes snow, and every sentence in the poem is about snow, but the author writes it in turn from his own feelings, vision and hearing, highlighting the magnitude of snow. The author's feeling is another angle of appreciation.
Second, from the perspective of expression.
When a poet writes a scene, he always uses some expressive techniques besides arranging the order. The most common are some lyric ways and descriptions. The former, such as lyricism with scenery, lyricism with scenery, blending with scenes and setting off sadness with music scenes; The latter, such as dynamic and static combination (or dynamic and static combination) and virtual reality combination (or virtual realism), are the skills that we need to analyze in detail when appreciating poetry. The first two sentences in Wang Changling's Farewell to Wei 'er describe the real scene and the environment at the time of farewell, while the last two sentences describe the virtual scene, imagining the scene after leaving, combining with reality, expanding the artistic conception and deepening the theme. The use of expression makes poetry more exciting, and we certainly can't miss it when we appreciate it.
Thirdly, it is appreciated from the perspective of the structural characteristics of poetry.
Ancient poetry pays attention to the combination of inheritance and transformation. Generally, the upper part of the poem is described and the lower part is lyrical. If a poem is not written according to the general rules, it will have its own characteristics in structure and needs to be analyzed when appreciating it. Or a scene, or write a scene in one sentence, or a scene, or a good care before and after, with strict structure. These are the characteristics of poetry structure, which are easily overlooked when appreciating. We must have the concept of structure, and appreciate poetry from the perspective of structure will get unexpected results. For example, in Wang Wei's pastoral music mentioned earlier, he wrote the words of red heart, green willow, fallen flower and warbler in turn, one sentence at a time, and "fallen flower" took care of "peach", "warbler" and "green willow", making the structure of the poem rigorous, which can also be used as a highlight of the poem's scenery writing, rather than just looking at its color characteristics.
Fourth, appreciate from the perspective of tempering words.
The ancients paid great attention to the tempering of words when writing poems, leaving stories such as "one word at a time" and "careful consideration". When appreciating these vivid words, we can understand the characteristics of the scenery written, the artistic conception created and the feelings expressed, and even understand the structural characteristics of a poem. "Last night, a branch opened", "The monk knocked on the moon door", "The spring breeze is green in Jiang Nanan" and "Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of the river from a distance" ... There are vivid words in the poem, and the use of these words makes the whole scene lifelike, which can give people a feeling of being at home, smelling its voice and seeing its people. The word vividly reproduces the characteristics of the scene and expresses the author's feelings. How can you forget these when you appreciate poetry?
Verb (abbreviation of verb) appreciation in the eyes of rhetoricians.
The description of scenery in literary works is inseparable from the use of rhetoric, which can make the scenery vivid, and classical poetry is no exception. Some rhetorical devices are also used in poems describing scenery, such as metaphor, personification, exaggeration, duality, pun, intertextuality and rhetorical questions. These rhetoric can not only vividly reproduce the characteristics of things, but also appropriately express the author's feelings, and also make poetry sentences neat and reflect the beauty of music. Appreciation of rhetoric can not be ignored. The poem "The dew is like a real pearl, and the moon is like a bow" can only explore its beauty from the perspective of rhetoric, and explore the thoughts and feelings revealed by the author.
If you can appreciate a poem describing the scenery from the above five angles, then you can read a poem, and you can freely answer questions from any angle.
Of course, there are other angles to appreciate the scenery written in the poem. No matter from which angle, we should pay attention to solving these problems: first, what scenery is described in the poem and what characteristics these scenery have; First, what expressive skills does the author use to write landscapes, and how effective these skills are; First, what kind of thoughts and feelings did the author express through these scenes? These aspects must be elaborated in detail in order to properly answer the questions raised at the beginning, appreciate the characteristics of landscape writing from multiple angles, and write a comprehensive and accurate appreciation article.