1. Interpretation of the junior high school classical Chinese text "Test Poetry"
Trial Poetry
He Zhongju[1]
Explanation of the question
< p> This poem It is said that when He Zhongju was 13 years old, he was taken to the county jail in shackles because he was unable to pay taxes. The then county magistrate Li Hongzhen was so amazed that he composed this poem on the spot that he pardoned him.Like jade, you will go to jail, but you will abandon your home and go to the shackles[2].
Two pieces of wood, but only one flower between them[3].
Notes
[1] He Zhongju: A native of Yingdao (today's Daoxian County, Yongzhou), he went to Luoyang to take the exam in the fourth year of Changxing of the Later Tang Dynasty (933). He first went to Qin Wang Li Congrong's family to submit poems. The beautiful line "The blue clouds have just left my hand, and the immortals of the Zifu nod their heads" made him a Jinshi in one fell swoop. Later he returned to Changsha and served as King Ma Xifan of Chu. He was one of the eighteen bachelors of Tiance Mansion and served successively as the governor of Quanzhou and Hengzhou. There are 762 volumes of "Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty", including one of his "Experimental Poems", "Dedicated to the King of Qin" and "Looking at Evening Autumn".
[2] Just: get close, get close, get close. Shackle: A torture device placed around the neck of a prisoner. Put on the yoke: put on the yoke.
[3]Que: Particle, used after the verb to express completion, with the meanings of "to go" and "to go". Nie Yizhong's poem "Tian Jia" contains the sentence "Cure the sores in front of the eyes, but cut out the flesh in the heart." Clamped: Clamped. These two sentences mean that the wooden shackle is holding a flower. It is a metaphor that you are smart and talented, but you suffer from this disaster.
Is this it? 2. The meaning of "can" in classical Chinese is
ke: "can", yi: "by virtue of".
The meaning of the sentence is: You can try it with him.
Expansion: the usage of "yi" in classical Chinese
①<; verb>; use; use. "Shejiang": "There is no need to use loyalty, and there is no need to use virtue."
②<; move>; do. "Zi Lu, Zeng Xi, Ran You, and Gong Xihua sit down": "If you know it, why?"
③<; Action>; think. "Zou Ji satirizes the King of Qi for accepting advice": "They are all beautiful in Xu Gong."
④<; introduction>; Indicates the tools and methods used or relied on for action, which may be translated as "take" depending on the situation. ", "use", "depend on", "handle", etc. "The Biography of Lian Po Lin Xiangru": "I would like to invite Yi Bi with fifteen cities."
⑤<;Introduction>; It plays the role of a guest and can be translated as "Bar". "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "Qin also did not give the city to Zhao, and Zhao eventually refused to give Qin Bi."
⑥<; introduction>; indicates the reason for the action, which can be translated as "because ”, “due to”, etc. "Snake Catcher's Theory": "But I only survive by catching snakes." "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "It is impossible to go against the joy of strengthening Qin in order to strengthen Qin."
⑦<; Introduction>; indicates the time and place where the action occurs, and can be translated as "in" or "from". "Su Wu Biography": "Wu Yi arrived in the capital in the spring of the sixth year of the First Yuan Dynasty."
⑧<; introduction>; Indicates the object of action and behavior. The usage is the same as "and", which can be translated as "harmony", " "Follow"; sometimes translated as "lead, lead". "Warring States Policy·Zhou Ce": "The world has changed, and the king seceded Hanzhong and made peace with Chu." "Xinling Lord stole the talisman to save Zhao": "(The prince) wanted to go to the Qin army as a guest, and he died with Zhao." < /p>
⑨<;连>; indicates a parallel or progressive relationship, which can be translated as "er", "you", "and", etc., or can be omitted. "Travel to Baochan Mountain": "If the foreigners are close, there will be many tourists; if the danger is far, there will be few visitors."
⑩<;lian>; expresses the relationship of succession, with the word before "" Action behavior is often the means and methods of the latter action behavior. It can be translated as "er" or omitted. "Travel to Baochan Mountain": "I and the four people held the fire to go in."
⑾<;lian>; expresses the causal relationship, often used before clauses expressing reasons, and can be translated as "because ","because". "The Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "The reason why I do this is to put national urgent matters first and then private hatred."
⑿<;lian>; expresses the relationship between modifying and being modified. "Return to Lai Ci": "The wood is flourishing, and the spring is trickling and beginning to flow."
⒀<; Lian>; The relationship between the expressions can be translated as "er", "lai" and "for" "wait. "Shi Shuo": "Write "Shi Shuo" to learn from it."
⒁<;lian>; indicates the limit or range of time, location, and quantity, and its usage is the same as in modern Chinese. "Zhang Heng Biography": "From the prince to the prince, no one is more extravagant."
⒂<;lian>; means that when describing one thing, it turns to another thing, which can be translated as "as for" . "Liu Yi's Biography": "However, those who keep their minds to themselves can avenge the king's injustice, and others can't do it. Those who speak carefully and don't avoid each other will accidentally hear it, how can it be intentional!"
⒃<; Vice >;pass "has". already. "Chen She's Family": "If you buy a fish and cook it, you will find a book in the belly of the fish, which is definitely strange." stop.
"The Matter of Qi Huan and Jin Wen": "If there is no way, then the king will be king?"
⒅<; Vice>; Just. "Feng Xuanke Mengchang Jun": "Those who have few in the Jun family use righteous ears." 3. Who knows the judgment method of the classical Chinese sentence test of Chinese language
The method of classical Chinese translation: Classical Chinese translation is a comprehensive exercise , which can not only test the application of basic knowledge of classical Chinese, but also improve the reading ability of classical Chinese and students' written expression ability.
Classical Chinese translation requires the implementation of every word, with literal translation as the mainstay and free translation as a supplement. Try to maintain the language style of the original text.
The steps for translating classical Chinese texts are to first read the full text, grasp the main idea of ??the article, and be aware of it. Do not rush into translation as soon as it comes up. When translating, if you encounter difficult words or sentences, you can temporarily let them go and then refine them after the context is translated.
After translating the entire text, read it through again and check and correct it to prevent mistranslation, missing translation and mistranslation. Basic methods of classical Chinese translation: literal translation and free translation.
Specific methods of classical Chinese translation: retain, delete, supplement, replace, adjust, and change. Requirements for classical Chinese translation Classical Chinese translation must achieve the three words of "faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance." "Faithfulness" means that the translation must be accurate, that is, the translation must be faithful to the original text, and the original text must be translated truthfully and appropriately into modern Chinese.
"Da" means that the translation should be smooth and fluent, that is, the translation should conform to the grammar and usage habits of modern Chinese, with smooth words and smooth sentences, and no language defects. "Elegance" means that the translation should be beautiful and natural, that is, it should be vivid and vivid, and perfectly express the writing style of the original text.
Principles of classical Chinese translation In the process of classical Chinese translation, we must follow the principle of "every word must be accurate, literal translation and free translation should be combined, and literal translation should be the mainstay". This requires us that when translating, every word in the sentence, as long as it has a certain real meaning, must be implemented word by word and matched.
When translating, we should directly follow the meaning and word order of the original text, and replace the classical Chinese text with the corresponding modern Chinese, so that the words are not separated from the words and the words are not separated from the sentences. If the semantic meaning is not smooth after literal translation, free translation should also be used as an auxiliary means to make the meaning of the sentence as perfect as possible.
Methods of classical Chinese translation Classical Chinese translation is a comprehensive exercise, which can not only test the application of basic knowledge of classical Chinese, but also improve classical Chinese reading ability and students' written expression ability. Classical Chinese translation requires the implementation of every word, with literal translation as the mainstay and free translation as a supplement.
Try to maintain the language style of the original text. The steps for translating classical Chinese texts are to first read the full text, grasp the main idea, and be aware of it. Do not rush into translation right from the start.
When translating, if you encounter difficult words or phrases, you can let them go temporarily and then refine them after the context is translated. After you have finished translating the text, read it through again and check and correct it to prevent mistranslations, missing translations and mistranslations.
Basic methods of classical Chinese translation: literal translation and free translation. There are two basic methods of classical Chinese translation: literal translation and free translation.
The so-called literal translation refers to using modern Chinese words to translate the original text word for word, sentence by sentence, so that the content words and function words are as opposite in meaning as possible. The advantage of literal translation is that every word is implemented; its disadvantage is that sometimes the meaning of the translated sentence is difficult to understand and the language is not smooth enough.
The so-called free translation is to translate according to the meaning of the sentence, so as to conform to the meaning of the original text as much as possible, and the sentence takes care of the meaning of the original text as much as possible. Free translation has a certain degree of flexibility. Words can be added or deleted, the position of words can be changed, and the sentence structure can also be changed.
The advantage of free translation is that the text and meaning are coherent. The translation conforms to the expression habits of modern languages ??and is relatively smooth, smooth and easy to understand. The disadvantage is that sometimes the original text cannot be implemented word for word.
These two translation methods should be based on literal translation and supplemented by free translation. 2. Specific methods of classical Chinese translation: retain, delete, supplement, replace, adjust and change.
"Remain" means to retain. All words with the same meaning in ancient and modern times, as well as ancient names of people, places, things, etc., can be kept unchanged during translation.
"Delete" means to delete. Delete the empty words in classical Chinese that do not need to be translated.
For example, "Pei Gong's bodyguard Fan Kuai is also the one who rides on Fan Kuai." "Zheye" is a final particle and is not translated.
"Supplement" means supplement. (1) Change monosyllabic words into bisyllabic words; (2) Complement the omitted components in the omitted sentences; (3) Complement the omitted sentences.
Note: To fill in omitted components or statements, add parentheses. "Change" means to replace.
Replace ancient words with modern ones. For example, replace "I, Yu, Yu" with "I", and replace "Er, You" with "you".
"Tune" means to adjust. Adjust ancient Chinese inverted sentences into modern Chinese sentence patterns.
When translating subject-predicate inverted sentences, object-prepositioned sentences, prepositioned-object sentences, attributive postpositioned sentences, etc., the word order should generally be adjusted to conform to modern Chinese expression habits. "Change" means flexibility.
On the basis of being faithful to the original text, the relevant text is updated. For example, "the waves are calm" can be transformed into "(the lake) is calm and the waves are calm".
A "Quartet" of Classical Chinese Translation. In the past two years, the examination of classical Chinese translation in the college entrance examination has been changed from correct and error selection to written translation.
This increases the difficulty of answering the questions, and the test questions are all from outside the classroom, so there seems to be no trace and no way to start.
In fact, you can still pay attention to some skills and start from the following four aspects to play a wonderful "Classical Chinese Translation Quartet": 1. When translating, you should pay attention to supplementing the omitted sentence components. There are a lot of omission phenomena in classical Chinese, including omitting subjects, omitting predicate verbs, omitting prepositions, omitting objects, etc.
When you are doing translation questions, you must first complete the omitted sentence elements in the original text, otherwise the translated sentence will be unclear and unintelligible. 2. Pay attention to adjusting word order when translating.
Modified sentences often appear in classical Chinese, including four types: subject-predicate postposition, attributive postposition, prepositional structure postposition, and object-preposition. Only by adjusting the word order during translation can translation be facilitated. Otherwise, the translation is likely to be confusing and give people the feeling of "Monk Zhang Er is confused".
3. Translation should pay attention to the phenomenon of utilization. Some content words in classical Chinese can temporarily change their part of speech and usage in a certain language environment. This is called conjugation.
Mainly include the causative usage of verbs, adjectives and nouns, the conative usage of adjectives and nouns, nouns used as verbs, nouns used as adverbials, etc. When translating, grasp the temporary meaning of the words.
4. Translation should grasp key words, connect with context, and make key breakthroughs. In classical Chinese reading, some sentences often affect the understanding of the whole sentence because of individual words.
This word is a keyword. For it, we need to understand and comprehend it in context.
To sum up, it is not difficult to translate classical Chinese texts correctly as long as you work hard, pay attention to the above four points, and master them flexibly. Techniques for Grasping Score Points in Classical Chinese Translation The 2005 Chinese language examination syllabus includes "sentence patterns and usages that are different from modern Chinese" in the scope of the college entrance examination. The test of this knowledge point is most likely to be reflected in the translation questions. 4. Trial Poetry Translation of Classical Chinese
A brief discussion of Trial Rhythm Poetry in the Tang Dynasty
Trial Rhythm Poetry is also known as "Provincial Trial Poetry" or "Prefecture Trial Poetry". Since the imperial examinations in the Tang Dynasty were held every spring in the Shangshu Province in Chang'an, the capital, and were referred to as "provincial examinations", the examination poems were also called "provincial examination poems" and "provincial examination poems". People in the Qing Dynasty used to call it "test poem". Tang Dynasty examination poems are generally five characters and six rhymes, while Qing examination poems are generally five characters and eight rhymes. People have always disdain to mention trial poems. It is generally believed that it is similar to the eight-part essay of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is nothing more than a stepping stone for literati of the Tang and Song dynasties to seek official positions, with no literary or artistic value. But as a type of imperial examination style, we might as well analyze it and hope it can arouse the thinking of contemporary educators.
1. The time and reason for the development of trial verse poetry
Trial verse poetry began in the Tang Dynasty and became popular during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. As there are different versions of the test verse poems, the time when they were produced has always been debated by later generations. Most scholars take "New Book of Tang" as the basis, saying that it originated in the Yonglong period. However, Mr. Fu Xuancong believed that the essays tested at that time did not include test verses.
It was held in Shangshu Province, referred to as "Provincial Examination", so the imperial examination poems were also called "provincial examination poems" and "provincial examination poems". People in the Qing Dynasty used to call them "examination post poems". The poems in Qing Dynasty are generally composed of five characters and eight rhymes. People have always disdain to mention the poems in Qing Dynasty, which are similar to the eight-part prose in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and are nothing more than a stepping stone for literati in the Tang and Song Dynasties to seek official positions. , has no literary and artistic value. But as a type of imperial examination style, we might as well analyze it and hope it can arouse the thinking of contemporary educators.
1. The time and development of imperial poetry.
Trial verse poetry began in the Tang Dynasty and became popular in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Due to the different production times of the trial verse poetry, most scholars have always regarded the "New Book of Tang" as the author. It is said that it started in the Yonglong period, but Mr. Fu Xuancong believes that the essays tested at that time did not include the test verses.
"In the second year of Yonglong (681), Liu Sili, a member of the imperial examination, published a statement in the Ming Dynasty. Many scriptures were copied, and the Jin scholars only recited the old policies. They all lost their real talents, and some officials only used their numbers to fill their ranks. Naizhao has ordered that since the Ming Dynasty, the number of essays in the Ming Dynasty classics test will be more than sixty-six, and the Jinshi test will have two essays. "
("New Tang Book·Election Chronicle")
Mr. Fu Xuancong quoted from "Deng Ke Ji Kao" "According to two essays, it is said that the maxims, inscriptions, and tables, etc., began in the Kaiyuan period Fu is one of them, or poetry is one of them. There are also those who use poetry only, which is not custom-made. "Therefore, he believes that the real production time of trial verse poetry should be in the Kaiyuan period of Tang Dynasty. "Introduction to Rhyme" also said that "Since the mid-Tang Dynasty, a kind of trial verse poem has become popular in official examinations. This kind of poem is actually a poem. Arrangement of twelve lines in five characters and six rhymes. " Regarding the issue of twelve sentences in five characters and six rhymes, we will discuss it below. We can see that "according to the two essays, they are called admonitions, inscriptions, commentaries, etc." This statement is worth discussing. And "New Tang Dynasty" It is clearly stated in "Book" that "the Jinshi test consists of two essays, and those who are proficient in literature and law then try out strategies." "Rhythm, the rhythm of the article. In other words, essays must pay attention to rhythm. On the other hand, the essay is a practical text, which requires simplicity and does not pay attention to rhythm.
We know that the second year of Yonglong was the later period of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi's reign, and at that time Wu Zetian was also called the "Two Saints" together with him. She loved poetry and loved to sing, and she would compose and sing poems wherever she played, and she was always ready to reward poets. Zhongzong of the Tang Dynasty was also a good poet. The story that he ordered Shangguan Wan'er Cailou to comment on poetry is also known to everyone. Therefore, the selection of scholars for poetry and poetry may have occurred during the Zhongzong period. There is also a saying in "Tang Zhayan" that "there were only three examinations in the first year of Shenlong, so poems and poems were often listed on the list."
Recruiting scholars through poetry is a product of the high development of poetry in the Tang Dynasty. However, trial verse poetry has always been criticized by the world. The main reason is that it restricts people's thinking and there are no good works. Mr. Fu Xuancong also said in the "Tang Poetry Theory Series" that "the poems and poems for the Jinshi examination in the Tang Dynasty played a negative role in the development of literature." It is true that the development of things has its positive and negative sides, but the key is to look at it Which of the advantages and disadvantages is more important? If the negative effects dominate, then why can the trial verses develop smoothly? Mr. Fu Xuancong also made several points on this point in the "Tang Poetry Theory Series". "The imperial examination is oriented to the landlord class as a whole, and it takes cultural examinations as its main content. This allows the landlord class to provide cultural education to their children and objectively promote social popularization." Let's not talk about whether the imperial examination is oriented to the landlord class as a whole, at least other The positive effects have been reflected. What really attracts students may be the policy of "passing the imperial examination and exempting from corvee". Volume 66 of "Complete Tang Dynasty" "Mu Zong issued an edict that if a general wants to transform people, he must first establish a school. If he wants to be promoted to a Junzao, he should be distinguished from the countryside. Each commissioned governor and county magistrate to recruit Confucianism, and add training and inducement. , the title of the imperial examination means exemption from corvee. '" This is in terms of the imperial examination. So why is the status of trial verse so important? Mr. Jin Zheng said in his "Imperial Examination System and Chinese Culture" that "the poetry examination requires scholars to have considerable historical and cultural knowledge, and also requires scholars to have vivid image thinking ability and aesthetic perception ability. It should be fresh, lively and full of aura.” However, in addition to the above reasons, there are also the following reasons.
First of all, after the mid-Tang Dynasty, because the examiners believed that the classics lacked real talent and practical knowledge and relied on rote memorization, poetry and poetry were listed as the first subject in the Jinshi examination. This is the most basic and most important subject. Important reasons.
In April of the second year of Tiaolu. Liu Sili was not a member of the imperial examination. First time. Jinshi is just trying out strategies. Thinking is mediocre. Play the Sutra of Invitations. And test essays. Since then, this has been the norm. 5. 30 Ancient Prose
There are many questions about ancient prose here.
Ancient Chinese can be used: 1. Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 1-5.
Zheng Junzhongbian of Puyang had a rash on the thumb of his left hand, which was raised and millet. If you are suspicious, you will show it to others, and they will laugh, thinking that there is no need to worry.
After three days, they gathered together like money. The sorrow is so severe that it shows to others that the smile remains the same as before.
For another three days, the thumb became enlarged and the fingers close to the thumb felt painful. All the limbs and heart were sick. He was afraid and consulted doctors. The doctor looked at it and said in shock: "This disease is strange. Although the disease is in the finger, it is actually a whole-body disease. If it is not cured quickly, it can also harm the body.
However, it started. It can be cured in a day; it can be cured in three days; it can be cured in ten days; now the disease is complete, and it is no longer impossible to heal in three months. It will extend to the liver and diaphragm ④, otherwise it will be an arm's length worry.
Unless it is controlled internally, its power will not stop; unless it is controlled externally, the disease will not be easy to treat. "Jun Cong. He said that if he took the decoction every day and applied good medicine, he would suffer from diarrhea in the second month and then recover in the third month.
Yu Yin is thinking about this: things in the world often occur at the smallest level, but eventually become a major disaster; at first they think it is not enough to cure, but in the end they become impossible to do. When it is easy, cherish the strength of the day and night, and ignore it suddenly; when it is done, it is accumulated over time, tired of thinking, and only overcomes it. Many people say this.
(Fang Xiaoru's "Zhiyu") Note ① Grip: four inches is one grip. ②膂(l—): spine.
③瞳(ch?u): recovery from illness. ④Hepatic diaphragm: generally refers to the internal organs of the human body.
⑤Fu: Tu. 1. The two underlined words in the following sentences are incorrectly interpreted ( ) A. Fear and seek medical advice (planning) B. Will extend to the liver and diaphragm (spread) C. The disease is not easy to treat (transform) D. Accumulate Years, tiredness and thinking, but only to overcome (eliminate) 2. The two words with the same meaning in the following sentences are ( ) A. Take the decoction every day, and use the good medicine, drink it with a spoon, drink the oil and drain it B. Do not treat it quickly, And it can hurt the body. Beishan Yugong is ninety years old. Although the disease is in the fingers, in fact, it is a disease all over the body. Although a person has hundreds of hands and a hundred fingers on the head, he will recover in a day. Ai can cure the soldiers of the three Jin Dynasties. Strong, brave and light. 3. In the following sentences, the dotted "zhi", the wrong interpretation is ( ) A. The worry is serious, and it is used to show others (referring to "thumb disease") B. Yu Yin is thinking about it ( Refers to the "causing principle") C. cherishes the power of the day and ignores it (referring to "various diseases") D. accumulates years and is tired of thinking, but only overcomes it (referring to "disaster") 4. uses modern Write the meaning of the following sentences in Chinese.
① If you are suspicious, you will show it to others, and they will laugh, thinking that there is no danger. ② At first it was thought that it was not enough to cure, but in the end it was impossible to do anything.
5. What is the purpose of writing about Zheng Jun’s treatment of thumb disease in this article? Please answer briefly in your own words.
2. A sheep dies on a crossroads. When Yang Zi's neighbor dies a sheep, he leads his party and asks Yang Zi's Shu (请: boy servant) to chase him.
Yang Zi said: "Hey! If a sheep is lost, how can there be so many people pursuing it?" The neighbor said, "There are many different paths." When he turned back, he asked, "Did you catch the sheep?" He said, "It was lost. ”
Said: “There are divergences in the road, so I don’t know where to go.” ("Liezi Shuofu") 6. Explanation. Add the dotted word "Zhi" below.
(1) Yang Zi’s neighbor lost his sheep and said: (2) He also asked Yang Zi to chase after him: 7. Fill in the omitted elements. After that, ( ) asked: "Did you catch the sheep?" ( ) said: "It was destroyed."
8. Translation. There are also divergences among the divergent roads. I don’t know where they are, so I’m going the other way.
Translation: 9. What does this article tell us? 3. Excessive use of poles to make up the number. King Xuan of Qi sent people to play the Yu, and there must be three hundred people. The ministers of Nanguo asked him to play the Yu for the king. King Xuan said so, and hundreds of people came to eat.
After King Xuan died, King Hao was established, so that he could listen to them one by one and the soldiers fled. 10. What kind of person is Nanguo Chushi? Why did he "please play the Yu for the king"? Answer: 11. The Nanguo scholar didn’t know how to play the gu, but he played the yu for King Xuan of Qi for many years. Why did this happen? Answer: 12. King Qi Min listened to the blowing pole and liked to play solos one by one. Why did the Nanguo minister run away? Answer: 13. What do you think Nan Guo will do after he escapes? Answer: 4. Read the following passage in classical Chinese and answer the questions that follow.
① The law of Lu State: Lu people serve as concubines to the princes, and those who can redeem them will take gold from the government ①. Zigong redeemed the Lu people from the princes and gave them their gold.
Confucius said: "The gift ③ is lost! The actions of the saints can change customs, and the teachings can be given to the people, not just to suit their own behavior. Now in the country of Lu, there are few rich people and many poor people. Take The gold will not be damaged, and if you don’t take the gold, you will no longer be able to redeem people. ” ② Zi Lu ④ The person who saves people worships Niu Zi Lu. Confucius is happy and said that the people of Lu will save many people. Those who drown. (Selected from "Think Tank" written by Feng Menglong) [Note] ① Government: refers to the treasury.
②Zigong: Confucius’s student. ③Given: Zigong’s name.
④ Zilu: Confucius’s student. 14. What did Zigong do in the article? What was Confucius' attitude towards his approach? What was the reason for Confucius's attitude? Please answer in your own words.
Answer: 15. There is no punctuation mark in paragraph 2 of the article. Please use a "|" line to mark the location where punctuation marks are required. The people of Zilu worshiped Zilu as the one who saved lives. Confucius was delighted and said that there must be many people in Lu who saved lives.
5. Read the following passage and answer the questions. Guan Zhong and Xi Peng ① followed Duke Huan to cut down Guzhu ②. Spring turned to winter, and they were confused and lost their way.
Guan Zhong said: "The wisdom of the old horse can be used." He let the old horse go and followed him, and he achieved the Tao.
There was no water in the mountains. Xi Peng said: "Ants live in the sun of the mountain in winter and in the shade of the mountain in summer. There is water within an inch of ant soil." So he dug it and found water.
With Guan Zhong’s sage and Xi Peng’s wisdom, it is not difficult to learn from old horses and old ants until they don’t understand it. Today’s people don’t know how to learn the wisdom of saints with their foolish minds. Isn’t it too much? Notes: ① Guan Zhong and Xi (xǐ) Peng: They were both ministers who assisted Duke Huan of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. ② Guzhu: a small country in the Shang and Zhou dynasties.
③It’s not difficult: no hesitation, no shame. 16. The word "Nai" in "Nai Di Zhi" has the same meaning as the word "Nai" in which sentence below? ( ) A. I don’t know that there was a Han Dynasty, regardless of the Wei and Jin Dynasties.
B. Kill the ministers. Song Dynasty can't defend it, but it can be attacked. C. The person who should be established is the young master Fusu.
D. When Wang Shibei set the Central Plains Day, he never forgot to tell Nai Weng about family sacrifices. 17. Which of the following sentences is incorrectly translated ( ) A. The wisdom of an old horse can be used.
Lao Ma’s wisdom can be used. B. Ants live in the sun of mountains in winter and in the shade of mountains in summer.
Ants live on the north side of the mountain in winter and on the south side of the mountain in summer. C. Every inch of ant soil contains water.
The ant soil is one inch high, and there is water one foot below. D. With the sage of Guan Zhong and the wisdom of Xi Peng, it is not difficult to learn from an old horse or an old ant to the extent that he does not know.
With Guan Zhong’s sage and Xi Peng’s wisdom, when they don’t know something, they are not ashamed to grow old. 6. Classical Chinese Reading Questions and Answers
1 The baits are the same but the gains and losses are different. I walked from Hengxi River. There were two old men who divided the rocks and fished. The first one caught the most fish and they were easy to get; Then he threw his pole and asked A: "The bait is the same and the water for fishing is the same, so why are the gains and losses different?" A said: "When I was fishing, I knew I was there but I didn't know there was a fish. / Not instant, the spirit / does not change, the fish / forgets that / is me, so / is easy to take.
The child’s mind is about the fish, and the eyes are about the fish. If the spirit changes, the fish will disappear, and it will be ridiculed.” . B follows his instructions and takes several fish in a row.
I sighed and said: "What a purpose! The intention comes true." 2. What are the conditions for A and B to fish in the same way? ---- Same bait but different results --- (A) When I go fishing, I know that I am there but not the fish. My eyes are not blinking, my mind is not changing, and the fish forgets that it is me, so it is easy to catch.
(B) Zi’s mind is about fish, and his eyes are about fish. If the gods change, the fish will disappear, and he will gain ridicule."
3. The function of the sentence at the end of the article, "What a purpose! What you mean is a Tao" is to highlight the intention (highlight the theme). 4. Please use concise language to draw portraits of old men A and B.
Old Man A: When fishing, I feel calm with my eyes slightly closed and my expression calm, so that the fish cannot see the old man’s intentions clearly and take the bait. Old Man B: Focus on catching fish, stare at the fish with eyes, look concerned about the fish, and make the fish aware of it.
So the fish ran away. , 5 After reading this short story, you realize the truth: If you want to succeed in doing things, don't rush for quick success.
Be relaxed and at ease. 7. Translation of Classical Chinese
Zi Sanghu said: "You alone don't hear about the death of the fake man? Lin Hui abandoned the jade of a thousand gold and went to the country with his innocent son.
Or he said: ' Why do you want to give away a jade of a thousand pieces of gold and go with a child? "Lin Hui said: "He is in harmony with others, and this is the destiny of heaven. Also. 'Those who seek mutual benefit will be forced to suffer hardships and abandon each other.
Those who belong to heaven will be forced to accept others and abandon each other.
And the friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is as sweet as wine; the friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is as sweet as friendship. If there is no reason for them to get together, there is no reason for them to separate. "Zhuangzi" Sang Jun replied: "Have you not heard of the flight of the fake countryman? Lin Hui abandoned the jade worth thousands of gold and ran away with the baby on his back. Some people commented: ‘Is he doing it for money? The value of a newborn baby is too little; is he afraid of being a drag? There are so many drags on a newborn baby.
Abandoning a jade worth thousands of gold and running away with a baby on your back, for what? ’ Lin Hui said: ‘The jade worth thousands of gold is related to me by interests, but this child is related to me by nature. ’ Those who are connected by interests will abandon each other when encountering difficulties, disasters, worries, and injuries; those who are connected by nature will tolerate each other when encountering difficulties, disasters, worries, and injuries.
The difference between mutual accommodation and mutual abandonment is too far. Moreover, the friendship between a gentleman is as light as clear water, and the friendship between a villain is as sweet as liqueur. A gentleman is indifferent but close-hearted, and a villain is sweet but sharp and cut off from all righteousness.
Everything that is close to the same for no reason will also be separated for no reason. ".