What this poem wants to express is autumn scenery of Wangchuan. The first couplet and the third couplet describe the late autumn scenery of Yuan Ye, and the poet chooses the scenery rich in seasonal and epochal characteristics: verdant cold mountains, slow autumn waters, sunset at the ferry, smoke curling, vivid and vivid, and the combination of dynamic and static, which outlines a harmonious, quiet and vibrant pastoral landscape painting.
The Poets of Two Couples and Four Couples and Pei Di's Leisure. Leaning against Chai Men's stick, listening to cicadas in the breeze, the poet's comfortable manner and detached feelings are vividly written; Drunk and crazy, Pei Di's crazy manners are fully displayed. The whole poem combines things with me, and the scene blends. There are pictures in poems, and there are poems in paintings.
Five principles of perfect combination of poetry, painting and music. The first couplet and the neck couplet describe the scenery and the late autumn twilight of the landscape and countryside near Wangchuan. Zhuan Xu and William wrote people, depicting the poet and the hermit Pei Di respectively. Scenery figures, written alternately, set each other off and become interesting, forming an artistic realm of integration of things and me and blending scenes, expressing the poet's joy of seclusion and true friendship with friends.
"The mountain is now cold and blue, and the autumn water has flowed for a day." The first couplet is about autumn scenery in the mountains. In the cold autumn when the water comes out, the spring water in the mountains keeps gurgling; It's getting late and the mountains are getting greener. Before the couplet can say the word "dusk", it has given people the impression that it is near dusk. "Turn" and "day" are skillfully used.
Turning green means that the mountains are getting deeper and thicker; The mountain is static, and the word "Zhuan" writes its dynamics with the gradual change of color. The sun's whistle is the sun's whistle, which is noisy every day; Water is flowing, but the word "day" makes people feel that it is always conserved. Several crosses outline a picture with colors, sounds and actions.
"Sunset lingers at the ferry, and the smoke from supper rises from the house." The necklace says twilight in vilen. The setting sun is about to set, and the smoke is curling up. This is a typical dusk scene in the field. The ferry is in the water and the market is in the land; Sunset belongs to nature, cooking smoke belongs to people: the choice of scenery is very clever.
"Smoke Curls Up" obviously comes from Tao Qian's "Warm and Distant Village, Smoke from the Kitchen in Yi Market" (one of the pastoral songs). The Tao sentence personifies the aftertaste of kitchen smoke over distant villages, while the Wang sentence shows the scene of the first wisp of kitchen smoke curling into the air in the evening with simple painting, each with its own image and artistic conception.
This couplet is a famous sentence in Wang Wei's rhetoric, which has always been praised. The Sunset Wandering at the Ferry accurately cuts out the moment when the sunset will be tangent to the water surface, shows the dynamics and trends of the sunset in an inclusive way, and leaves readers with imagination in time and space. "Smoke coming from the house at midnight" is also a moment full of pregnancy. The word "Shang" not only describes the dynamic rise of kitchen smoke, but also shows that it has risen to a considerable height.
The head and neck are connected, and cold mountains, autumn waters, sunset, solitary smoke and other scenery with seasonal and time characteristics constitute a harmonious and quiet landscape painting. However, this landscape is not a purely isolated objective existence, but is painted in people's eyes. In painting, every scene and everything is subjectively filtered by the poet, with feelings.
Zhuan Xu: "By the door of my hut, leaning on my staff, I listen to cicadas in the evening wind." This is the image of a poet. Chai Men, showing seclusion and pastoral flavor; Leaning on the staff means that you are old and comfortable. Outside Chai Men, leaning on a stick in the breeze, listening to cicadas singing in the cold mountain spring of the night tree, watching the sunset on the ferry, watching the solitary smoke in the street, that relaxed expression, that natural leisure, and Tao Yuanming "help the old man rest in the stream and look down at the distance" ("Home").
In fact, Wang Wei also admired "ancient and modern hermit poets". In this poem, he not only imitated Tao's poems, but also quoted Tao's allusions in couplets: "Oh, when will I promise a great hermit to sing a wild poem in Wuliu?" "The hero of Wen Tao's Biography of Mr. May 6th is a hermit who forgets his gains and losses and entertains himself with poetry and wine. "There are five willows beside the house because they think they are numbered." In fact, life is Tao Qian's self-portrayal; Wang Wei's opinion on the May 6th Movement is based on Tao Qian's own situation.
Jieyu was a person who sang crazy songs and argued with Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period. The poet compared Pei Di, who was intoxicated with crazy songs, with the Jieyu of Chu, and praised this young friend. Tao Qian and Jieyu-Wang Wei and Pei Di, though different in character, are close to each other.
Therefore, the compound word "Oh, when will I promise to be a great hermit again" does not mean to meet Pei Di again, but means that the poet's feelings have doubled and gone further: in Wangchuan, he enjoyed the beautiful scenery, made friends and enjoyed his seclusion. As for this! At the end of the couplet, the image of Pei Di, a madman, is vividly portrayed, which shows the poet's sincere feelings and welcome to him, and the words in the poem are settled.
Parallel prose and couplet, the depiction of two characters, are not carried out in isolation, but closely combined with the description of scenery. Chai Men, dusk cicada, evening breeze, five willows, tangible and intangible, are all landscapes. Although Wuliu is an allusion, it is natural for Wang Wei to imitate the characters in Tao Yuanming's works and plant Wuliu outside Chai Men.
Original poem:
A letter from my cabin in Wangchuan to Pei Di in Tang Dynasty: Wang Wei.
The mountain is cold and blue now, and the autumn water has flowed for a day.
At the door of my thatched cottage, leaning on my cane, I listened to the cicadas singing in the evening breeze.
Sunset set at the ferry, and midnight snack smoke floated out of the house. (One for the rest)
Oh, when will I make a wish to the great hermit again and sing a wild poem under five willows? .
Explanation:
Hanshan became particularly gloomy and gloomy, and autumn water slowly flowed into the distance day by day.
My staff stood outside the door of the hut, listening to the chirping of cicadas in the wind.
The sun is going down at the ferry, and the smoke in the village is drifting away.
I met Pei Di again, the neat drunk, and I was as crazy as Tao Qian in front of me.
Extended data:
Pei Di is a good friend of Wang Wei. They live in seclusion in Nanshan. They often go to Wangchuan to get rid of righteousness, play the piano and write poems, and recite them all day long (Old Tang Shu Wang Wei Chuan). This poem is their reward to each other.
This poem describes the interest of seclusion in the mountains and detachment from things, so it compares Jieyu to Pei Di and Tao Qian to himself. Scenery figures, written alternately, set each other off to become interesting, forming an artistic conception of integration of things and me, expressing the joy of seclusion and sincere friendship with friends.
The whole poem is the unity of things and me, with scenery, pictures in the poem and Tao Ran's interest.
Baidu Encyclopedia-My message to Pei Di from my cabin in Wangchuan.