In the two lines of the neck couplet, "There are no relatives or friends, there is a lonely boat for old age and illness." The poet was touched by the sorrow of his life experience due to the scenery of lakes and mountains, and expressed his full feeling of being alone and wandering and his longing for the hometown thousands of miles away.
At that time, when the poet was coming down from Shudong, he must have thought of Wu Chu's relatives and friends on the Yueyang Tower, so he connected "Wu Chu" with "relatives and friends". After he came out of the gorge, he wandered on the water for a long time, so when he saw the huge water "the universe floats day and night", he connected it with his miserable later life of "aging, sick and alone in the boat".
The last couplet of "The army passes through the north of the mountain, Pingxuan sheds tears" is still what I felt when I climbed the building, but it has been extended from the feeling of life experience to the current affairs and national destiny, showing that the more the poet faces personal misfortune, the more he never forgets the political situation. The noble character of the country.
At that time, Tibet invaded and the northwest frontier was uneasy. The poet did not cry for his personal life experience, but for the country's crisis. This ending made the whole article higher in realm and style.
The feelings expressed in the whole poem are lonely and melancholy, but the scenery depicted is extremely magnificent. From the magnificent scenery, we can see the poet's broad mind, and he is not depressed because of his wandering life. With a passion for caring about the country and the people.
Extended information
The original text of "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" by Du Fu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty:
In the past I heard about the water in Dongting, now I go up to the Yueyang Tower.
In the southeast corner of Wu and Chu, the universe floats day and night.
There are no relatives and friends, and there are no old and sick people.
The soldiers and horses pass through the north of the mountain, and Pingxuan Tisi flows.
Translation:
In the past, I heard that Dongting Lake was magnificent, and today I finally climbed to the Yueyang Tower as I wished. The vast lake tore apart Wu and Chu, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water. There is no news from my relatives and friends, I am old and sick, and I am drifting around in a lonely boat. The fighting at the northern border broke out again, and I leaned on the railing and looked into the distance with tears streaming down my face.
Creative background
In the second year of the Dali calendar of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty (767), Du Fu was fifty-seven years old, only two years away from the end of his life. At that time, the poet was in a difficult and miserable situation. He is old and frail, suffering from lung disease and wind paralysis, his left arm is withered, and his right ear is deaf. He relies on drinking medicine to maintain his life.
In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu left Kuizhou and wandered along the river from Jiangling and Gong'an to Yueyang (now part of Hunan). Climbing up to the long-fascinated Yueyang Tower and looking out from the distance, facing the vast and majestic Dongting Lake, the poet gave a heartfelt praise; then he thought of his wandering in his later years and the country's many disasters, and he couldn't help but sigh with emotion. So he wrote "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" in Yueyang.
The main artistic achievements of this poem are as follows
1. The work uses a variety of expression techniques
The opening two sentences use narrative The technique explains the reason for climbing to Yueyang Tower. The three to four sentences use the technique of description to draw a grand and spectacular picture of Yueyang Tower, and in the description, image metaphors are used to enhance the vividness of the work. The last two sentences use lyrical writing to reveal the poet's inner world and expand the artistic conception of the work.
2. A huge jump in both the content and emotion of the work
In terms of content, the opening couplet describes the process of the poet climbing the building, which contains the words "past" and "past". "Today" time jump process. In the chin couplet, the poet advances from writing about himself in the first couplet to writing about Dongting Lake. There is a span from small to large. In the description of the scene, the space jumps from the ground of Wu and Chu to the sky of the sun and moon.
When it comes to the neck couplet, the poet turns back to his own description. There is a leap from big to small between the front and back couplets. When it comes to the last couplet, the poet has expanded from the description of personal life experiences to the description of state affairs. The upper and lower couplets are another leap from small to large.
When writing about national affairs, there is another process of jumping from the national crisis to the poet's emotional expression. This constitutes the characteristics of wide vertical and horizontal width and strong jumping ability. From the perspective of the poet's emotional development, the first couplet contains joy, the chin couplet contains majesty, the neck couplet turns to misery, and the last couplet turns to sadness. As the poem progresses, the poet's emotions show the artistic characteristics of constant change and strong leaps.