What you read in the night book
Rustle (1) leaves make a cold sound,
The autumn wind moves passengers on the river.
Knowing that there are children who choose 3 to promote weaving 4,
At night, the fence fell down and a light came on.
Annotation of works
1 rustling: wind.
② Guest feeling: the homesickness of passengers.
3 pick: stir with slender things.
④ Popularizing knitting: commonly known as cricket, and also known as cricket in some areas.
⑤ Hedge fall: a fence.
Translation of works
The rustling autumn wind blows the leaves of the plane, bringing chills, and the wanderer who travels outside can't help but miss his hometown. Suddenly I saw the light under the fence in the distance. I thought it was a child catching crickets.
Creation background
The autumn wind is blowing on the river, and the buttonwood trees rustle, which makes people feel chilly. The sound of autumn wind can touch the homesickness of outsiders. Late at night, a child lit a lamp and looked for and caught crickets by the fence.
The migration of seasons and climate and the change of scenery are most likely to cause travelers' homesickness. Being in a foreign land, the author felt autumn in the quiet night and wrote this euphemistic poem.
Emotional evaluation
(1) The author expressed a feeling of homesickness.
One or two sentences in the poem say that the leaves of trees are flying, the cold sound is blowing, the autumn wind is rustling and the river boat is drifting, which effectively sets off the poet's sad mood of being in a foreign land and wandering around. Three or four sentences describing the life scenes of children playing tricks on crickets with burning lamps will naturally arouse the poet's association. He will remember that his childhood was so naive, romantic, happy and interesting; He will think of the warmth and beauty of his hometown; He will think of the voices and smiles of his relatives and friends, and feel at home, like returning to childhood.
(2) Poetry expresses the author's lonely feeling of living in a foreign country.
Write a sentence or two about the scenery, and use fallen leaves, autumn wind and cold to set off the desolation of wandering and loneliness. A river of autumn water, the sky is dark, and the ears are cold. The poet couldn't sleep all night. He must be depressed and his meaning is not smooth. Write three or four sentences about children catching crickets at night, which is very interesting, cleverly contrasts sadness and shows the loneliness and helplessness of living in a foreign country.
③ Poetry expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of missing childhood.
Looking at the whole poem, generally speaking, three or four sentences are seen by the poet. Children catch crickets at night with great interest, forgetting the autumn wind and chill, regardless of the fall of trees and the cold in Qiu Jiang, catching crickets at midnight with relish. That kind of obsession, that kind of caution, that kind of ups and downs of sensitivity, are all shown in one gesture. This cheerful and interesting life scene naturally evokes the poet's pursuit and nostalgia for childhood. One or two sentences can also be understood in this way. Autumn scenery, rustling sound and swaying leaves, reveals a wandering feeling and inexplicable sadness, which also reflects the poet's nostalgia and yearning for the carefree childhood living in a foreign country.
Writing method
(1) by scenery lyrical, scene blend. All four sentences in the poem are about scenery. Write one or two sentences about the natural environment and three or four sentences about life scenes. The fallen trees are rustling, the cold sounds are bursting, and the autumn wind is Qiu Jiang, conveying the feeling of drifting and desolation; Playing tricks on cricket makes the child happy, revealing the meaning of getting carried away and forgetting the fish. A sadness and a joy, set each other off and become interesting, all of which are integrated into the environmental description without trace.
(2) Dynamic and static combination, with dynamic lining static. Autumn leaves, autumn wind, autumn sounds, Qiu Jiang, autumn lights, Qiu Er, autumn boats and autumn meaning are all vividly written, with light and shadow; Dark as ink, deep and unpredictable, endless darkness, this is quiet writing, quiet and cold, full of melancholy. Whistling wind and naughty children, these dynamic scenes skillfully reflect the deep silence in late autumn, and even arouse people's appreciation of the poet's sad and sleepless heart in the cold and silent night.
(3) Contrast sadness with joy, so that joy sets off sadness. One or two sentences describe the scenery, the autumn wind sweeps away the leaves, and it is freezing in the cold, which is a sad scene and conveys sadness; Writing three or four sentences about people, encouraging weaving in the middle of the night, and bright lights shining on the fence are a happy scene, spreading joy. Sadness and joy are mixed, and joy sets off sadness, which shows the loneliness, helplessness and sleeplessness of wandering wanderers.
(4) Express one's feelings and express one's feelings, and use allusions in secret. The autumn wind moving on the river secretly uses the allusions of Hans Zhang. According to legend, Hans Zhang, an official living in Luoyang, missed his hometown when he saw the autumn wind, so he resigned and returned to his hometown, but he got his wish. The poem conveys the poet's thoughts and feelings of being far away from home for a long time, unable to return home and missing his family.
(5) personification, synaesthesia and gracefulness. "The rustling leaves send cold sounds, and the autumn wind on the river moves guests' feelings", and "sending" and "moving" reflect feelings in things, giving the leaves and autumn wind a human modality. It seems that these poems of material state and emotion bring readers into an artistic conception of sending cold air and moving Qiu Jiang, which is fascinating and full of melancholy. The rustling leaves send cold sounds skillfully uses synaesthesia, urges the feeling of cold autumn with rustling sounds, and conveys tactile feelings with auditory images, which is meaningful.
⑥ Choose words carefully, and "cold" and "pick" are vivid. On both sides of the word "cold", there is a chilly and threatening feeling of autumn wind, which means the end of the world is stranded. The word "pick" in the details is very interesting. The child's concentration, sensitivity and delicacy, and the child's breathless observation, surprise and excitement are all in one "pick".
⑦ Combining the virtual with the real, reflecting the real with the virtual. The four sentences in the whole poem describe the scenery and characters, and everything you see and hear, whether bright or dark, is realistic. Full of autumn sounds, full of autumn nights, a autumn river and a group of children, just like a photo of the scene, give people the feeling that they have heard their voices, seen their people and been in the environment. This vivid scene skillfully conveys the poet's sad and lonely feelings full of sadness and sleepless nights. Free time in reality (guest feelings), contained in reality, reflected in reality, has endless meanings!
Famous comments
Regarding this poem, Qian Zhongshu's Notes on Selected Poems of the Song Dynasty said: "This kind of scene is the cricket said by Qi Tianle of Jiang Kui:' Laugh at the smoke, the children of the world.' "If you add Chen Tingzhuo's comments on Jiang Ci:" It is the most wonderful to reflect the wishes of a willing heart with the joy of ignorant children "(Volume II of Baiyuzhai Thorn), you can imagine the poet's deep sorrow at this time.
Explain the dispute
One of the controversies is that
Some people say, "The poet of the Southern Song Dynasty wrote in" Man Ting Square to Promote the Weaving Girl ":'When I was a child, I remembered to call the lamp to fill the cave, follow the sound, and pursue it alone.' Vividly describes the scene of children catching and promoting knitting at night. "Knowing that children choose to promote knitting" also describes that children catch crickets at night. "
This statement is one-sided. We can't take Zhang Zi catching crickets at night as a child. The children written in "What I See in Night Books" must also catch crickets at night.
The second controversy
Qian Zhongshu's Notes on Selected Poems of the Song Dynasty said: "This scene is that Jiang Kui said cricket in Qi Tianle:' Laughing against the fence calls for a lamp, and all the children in the world.'
In my opinion, Qian Zhongshu's simple comments on night reading can only show that Ye Shaoweng's Night Reading and Jiang Kui's Qi Tianle both describe the fun of children playing with crickets, and it is not clear whether the "encouragement" in night reading is "catching crickets" or "fighting crickets". And "Baishi's Qi Tianle" is a poem, and the whole article is full of grievances. Only after half a cloud:' Laugh at the fence and call out the lights, children of the world.' The happiness of ignorant children reflects the suffering of those who set their minds on it "(Bai Yuzhai's Ci Hua, Volume II), but we can read the meaning of warmth from what we read at night. It can be seen that it is debatable to quote Qian Zhongshu's Notes on Selected Poems of Song Dynasty to annotate What I See in Night Books.
The third controversy
Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House 1986 Edition of "Appreciation Dictionary of Song Poetry" said, "This poem first writes the voice of autumn wind, then writes the feelings of this voice, then writes the last two paragraphs, and writes what you see outdoors. The language of the whole poem is fluent, with distinct layers, and there is a turning point in the middle. The sentence seems to be broken but the meaning runs through. "
In my opinion, this understanding obviously does not conform to the inheritance of the words "move" and "know" in the poem. Song books of ancient poems "send" cold with the fallen leaves, and the cold sounds "move" feelings, holding and thinking about relatives, comforting silence and connecting them in one breath. "Motion" is the bone of poetry, and "knowledge (thinking)" is the heart of poetry. When "touching" is not about homesickness and not far away, it is like a broken bone. When writing about a person's childhood, I don't think of the relatives who worry and comfort the poet the most, just like doing nothing.
Controversy 4
As for "what I saw in the night book", the Appreciation Dictionary of Song Poetry published by Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House 1986 also recorded that "autumn night promotes weaving, and the south neighbors rush to pound clothes" (Xie Tiao's Autumn Night). Isn't the flickering light between hedges in the vast darkness "picking children to promote weaving"?
The poem "Autumn Night" by Xie Tiao, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, begins with the following sentence: "Autumn night promotes weaving, and the south neighbors rush to pound clothes." Some people say that this sentence means that autumn is coming and the weather is getting colder every day. On the day when cricket sang, it was time to knit and sew warm clothes quickly.
I don't think there is much relationship between "promoting weaving in the autumn night and the clothes in the south" and "lights flashing in the hedge in that boundless night" and "children picking and promoting weaving" For example, the lamp in the hedge is also a lamp that is rushing to knit and make cold clothes. "Children choose to promote weaving" is a child's play, while "autumn night promotes weaving, and the south neighbors are in a hurry." It should be about efforts. The two have different themes and have little to do with each other. For example, Lu You, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, "Smells Cricket at Night", "Cuckoo Cuckoo can persuade farming and cricket can promote weaving." It is even more obvious.
The fifth controversy
Debate on the Sound and Meaning of "Tiao" in "Knowing Children and Promoting Weaving"
Some people say that "pick" should be read three times (ti m ℉ o), which means "stir".
Some people say that "pick" should be pronounced as (tiāo), which means "dig, grab".
It is also said that "pick" should be pronounced as "tāo", which means "scoop and note".
I think we should read (tiāo)' s ancient poem "Learn from children and promote weaving". Now you can read and teach three tones (ti m: o). There is a kind of labor tool called "tiāo", and the action of "Tiā o" is mostly from the bottom up (or from the inside out), such as picking shepherd's purse. The word "pick" in the sentence is an action word, which refers to the action of picking shepherd's purse with the grass of SINONOVACULA constricta. It's not like someone said, "promotional weaving lives below the surface." If a child wants to catch it, he needs to use a wooden stick and other instruments to turn over the soil to find it. " It's not like "digging crickets out of cracks in rocks". If you really dig like this, most of the crickets you get are either dead or injured.