Let's look at how to form a complete modern poem in the simplest way.
The basic sentence pattern "every double must be reversed"
The basic sentence patterns of modern poetry are interwoven by two syllables.
The basic sentence patterns of five-character sentences are: flat or flat, such as "Empty Mountain after Rain" and "Moonlight in Pine Woods".
The basic sentence patterns of the seven-character quatrains are: flat, flat, flat, flat, flat, flat, flat, flat, flat, flat, as in the above, "the bonfire invades the barbarian moonlight" and "the mountain clouds are like the chairman carrying the Great Wall from the sea."
The level of the fourth word is opposite to that of the second word, and the sixth word is opposite to that of the fourth word, but each word can be reversed, because the stress falls on even syllables and the singular syllables are relatively unimportant. This is the so-called leveling "no distinction between 135 and 246."
Ping "135 regardless, 246 clear"
When we write poetry, it is difficult to make every sentence completely conform to the basic sentence patterns. It may be possible to write quatrains, but it is almost impossible to write eight or even longer metrical poems. How to be flexible? Then it is necessary to sacrifice unimportant single digits and keep more important two digits and the most important last word. Therefore, there is a formula called "No matter whether one, three, five, two, four and six are distinct", that is to say, the levels of the first, three and five words (only seven words) can be handled flexibly, while the levels of the second, four, six and last words must be strictly observed. This formula is not completely accurate. In some cases, one, three and five must be discussed, and two, four and six may not be clear in some sentence patterns, which we will talk about in detail in the following "difficult sentences". As for the rhyme of the last word, it is
The foot of the sentence rhymes with "the first sentence can be bet or not, and the next sentence must be bet."
The foot of the sentence rhymes "The first sentence can be put or not, and the next sentence must be rhymed."
Except for the first couplet, the first sentence of other couplets cannot rhyme, and must end with a sigh, and the next sentence must rhyme and end with a flat voice. The first sentence can be put or not, rhyming will end in a flat voice, and no rhyme will end in silence. This is the basic law, but there are actually many rhyming poems. )
The sentence pattern is flat, "antithesis, adjacent sentences stick together, and the beginning and end correspond."
Each pair of a metrical poem is two sentences. The upper sentence and the lower sentence of the same couplet are called antithetical sentences, and the lower sentence of the previous couplet and the upper sentence of the next couplet are called adjacent sentences.
Contradiction: refers to the fact that the upper and lower sentences in the same couplet are flat and opposite, such as the first sentence is flat and the next sentence is flat and flat.
Adjacent sentences stick together: it means that the next sentence of the previous couplet begins with a flat sentence, which is the same as the first sentence of the next couplet. For example, the next sentence of the second couplet of Autumn Night in the Mountains, beginning of autumn is flat and flat in the evening, and the last sentence of the third couplet, the moonlight in its pine forest should also be flat, so it is flat and flat, but because the foot of the sentence must be closed with a flat voice, it becomes sticky.
Correspondence from beginning to end: the first sentence is the same as the last sentence. For example, the first sentence of autumn night in the deep mountains is that the mountains are empty after the rain, flat and even, and the last sentence is when you are here, ah, the prince of friends? , flat and uniform.
Conforming to the above four basic laws is a qualified metrical poem.
But it's not that simple. If you want to know more about its laws, please see Pingping, Rhyme and Dui.
Five laws are equal: the first word and the second word of the first sentence are flat.
The five laws start from the beginning: the first word and the second word of the first sentence are silent.
Seven laws are equal: the second word of the first sentence must be flat.
Starting with the seven laws: the second word of the first sentence must be linked.
Five is definitely equal to the rhyme of the first sentence.
The first sentence doesn't rhyme.
Flat (rhyming)
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
The first sentence of the five-element poem rhymes.
The first sentence of these five poems doesn't rhyme.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
The first sentence rhymes with the first sentence.
The first sentence doesn't rhyme.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
The first sentence of this quatrain rhymes.
The first sentence of this quatrain doesn't rhyme.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
The five laws rhyme with the first sentence.
The first sentence of the five laws doesn't rhyme.
Flat (rhyming)
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
The first sentence of the five laws rhymes.
The first sentence of the five laws doesn't rhyme.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light.
Fairness and flatness (rhyme)
The first sentence of the seven laws rhymes.
The first sentence of the seven laws does not rhyme.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
The first sentence of the seven laws rhymes.
The first sentence of the seven laws does not rhyme.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Very flat, very flat.
Flat (rhyming)
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat Tiles Flat Tiles (rhymes)
Poetry has rhyme, and there are columns in the house; If the pillar is unstable, the house will collapse. If the rhyme is unstable, the poem is not good.
Writing is divided into four tones and levels, which started in Shen Yue in the Southern Dynasties. He regards the clear rhyme as the upper tone, the turbid rhyme as the lower tone, the upper tone as the upper tone, the falling rhyme as the falling tone and the short rhyme as the entering tone. Among them, the upper sound and the lower sound are flat, and the upper sound and the lower sound are three. Since then, all people who write rhymes have taken this as the criterion. Although it has changed since then, the rhyme (known as Pingshui rhyme in the world) compiled by Song, Liu and Yuan Dynasties has been used to this day, and the flat tone used in writing old-style poems and couplets has been used. It can be divided into up and down 15 rhyme, up 29 rhyme, down 30 rhyme, entering 17 rhyme and * * 106 rhyme. We hold it in our hands and want to know what is word flat and what is word flat. When I opened it, I found that everything entered the East, Winter, Ginger, Cheese, Health, Fish, Jade, Qi, Jia, Grey, Truth, Culture, Yuan, Cold, Delete, Xian, Xiao, Yao, Hao, Song, Ma, Yang, Hao.
What if there is no rhyme in your hand? The following three methods can be used to distinguish the level of words. (1) Qianggen's Kangxi dictionary is divided into four tones. The rhyme says, "Don't be humble when you are flat, but shout loudly and forcefully when you are top. The sound of walking is obviously sad, and the sound of entering is short and urgent. " That is to say, the flat voiced characters are long and loud, such as Rudong and Fengfeng, while the upper voiced characters are high and heavy, such as Dong and Zong. The voiced characters are soft, clear and long-tailed, such as Zhong and Yong, and the syllables of the entering characters are extremely short, which means they can be sent as soon as they are received, such as desire and six. Although this is not very scientific, we can distinguish the pronunciation of words in this way and master the levelness of many numbers. (2) Using the method of rhyming summary, four tones are used as the order, which are easy to pledge, such as Rudong, Dong, Frozen, Tudu, Jiang, Speaking, Crimson, Emotion, Nutrition, Paper, Family, Festival, Fish, Rain, Imperial, Moon, Kindness, Solution, Mediation, Dawn, First, and Milling. You can't bet the word "Xusheng" as the first sound. It is not good to start a token with skill, horse, respect and delivery. (3) Look up "Ci Yuan", every word is marked with a certain sound and rhyme, and every word is very clear. At the same time, we should pay attention to the differences between the words "evil, prosperity, victory, response, signing, ..." and the words "look, look, suffer, forget and listen" with different sounds and meanings. These are all indicated in the rhyme book, so just pay attention. We can master the above-mentioned methods to distinguish flat and even words, and flat and even words of any word will not be difficult or misused. Note again that the rhyme book you use is based on the above rhyme 106, and the new rhyme is based on modern Chinese, which is far from suitable for this purpose.
Secondly, talk about the arrangement of horizontal lines. The general rule is that even lines can't be completely flat or flat in the same couplet, just like a pool of stagnant water, which must be arranged clearly according to the meter, with ups and downs and momentum in reading, so that the phonology can be harmonious. The formula says "135 doesn't matter, and 246 is distinct", because 135 is an odd number, which does not affect the fluency of the whole syllable, and 246 is the key word to determine the syllable. I think the formula of the level tone song can be changed to: "Level tone, level tone, alternating two or three is level tone." Long couplets of more than two sentences are based on the rhythm of a certain sentence pattern. Pay attention to two points: (1) For any couplet with more than two sentences, the first sentence of the couplet should be collected evenly, and the last sentence should be collected evenly. Except the last sentence, all the above sentences can be collected evenly, even between sentences and even at the end of sentences. (2) The last word of couplets should be flat according to the rules of metrical rules, but when the ideological content and form cannot be unified, flat can also be reversed. Others don't talk about equality, such as Sun Yat-sen's alliance. "The revolution has not yet succeeded, and comrades still have to work hard." The upper part is cause and the lower part is effect. Only in this way can the tone be smooth. Changsha Yuelu Academy Union: "Only Chu has material; Yusi Zechang. " This is the relationship between order and coherence, and conversely, it is coherent and cannot be written. All the above are variations of temperament, and the form is determined by the content.
In addition, some special words and word duality in couplets can be eclectic. There are mainly (1) homonyms. (2) Proper nouns are relative. (3) Function words in classical Chinese are relative. (4) Idioms and familiar sentences are relative. (5) The skill of using words is strange and dangerous. For example, the May Fourth Movement shops went on strike: "Students will not let go for a day; The store is closed for one day. " The three roles are the same. Another person named Harmony: "Wei Wuji, Sun Chang Wuji, Er Wuji, I also Wuji; Lin Xiangru and Sima Xiangru have the same name, but it is not. " Because proper nouns are fixed, they can't be cut to fit shoes.
Finally, talk about the remedies for lonely and embarrassing sentences. Five-character couplets and seven-character couplets originated from regular poems. For the sake of the ups and downs of tones and the harmony of syllables, they are as plain as poetry, so it is forbidden to be lonely. The so-called isolation means that in a five-seven-word flat sentence (usually at the end), there is only one flat word (excluding the first word of seven words), such as "flat" being changed to "flat" and "flat". However, although there is only one flat word in the receiving sentence, This sense of loneliness and embarrassment should be remedied. Remedy: As long as you commit one, three or five crimes, you can change your mind. For example, in the isolated example above, the first word of five words and the third word of seven words must be flat, not even. However, when there is no way to change the relationship between words and meanings, the third word of five words and the fifth word of seven words must be replaced by flat and turbid words, which cannot be ignored. The first and third words of five words in awkward sentences, the third and fifth words of seven words, and any adjustment of a flat and voiced word can be counted as meter; This method is called hard to save. It won't be a problem if it is remedied.
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