There are different opinions about the origin of palindromes. Some people think that Su Hui's Map of Xuan Ji is the earliest, and more than 7,000 poems can be solved by looking forward, backward and sideways. Some people think that the earliest prototype of palindrome poetry is Su's wife's poem in the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty. This kind of poetic style is unique, and many people in later generations are eager to follow suit, even talented people such as Su Dongpo and Nalan Rong Ruo enjoy it.
Mystery diagram
Is palindrome a simple word game or has its unique artistic value? "Love Letter Jun" takes the masterpiece "Two Acacia" by Li Yu, an unknown poet in the Song Dynasty as an example to share the beauty of palindrome and analyze its literary value.
Acacia twice
Song? Li Yu
Looking at the distant mountain across the water with dry eyes, how many times have you met?
An empty pot is afraid of drinking a glass of wine, and harmony is difficult to write a poem.
The way to stop people from leaving for a long time, the news is sent back late.
The lonely light kept a long silence at night, and the husband remembered his wife, father and children.
Li Yu was a very low-key poet in Song Dynasty. He has no title to show off, and there are few records about him in history books. But his song "Two Acacia" is a swan song, and no one can match it in later generations.
This poem describes a husband who misses his wife and hasn't seen her for a long time. I miss you so much that I want to drown my sorrows in wine, but I'm afraid I'll finish it soon. I want to write a letter, but I don't know where to start. When people leave, they finally find a book, and there are only endless thoughts in this lonely night.
This poem, whether in meter or rhythm, is exquisitely used in wording and sentence making, vividly showing a husband's yearning for his wife on paper, which can be described as an interpretation of the suffering of lovesickness to the extreme.
If you look at this poem alone, it is not a dazzling masterpiece in ancient literary circles, and it is not enough to make Li Yu famous forever. The wonder of this poem is that reading it backwards is another poem. The artistic conception of the poem is very different and there is no sense of disobedience.
Acacia twice
Song? Li Yu
A child remembers his father, his wife and her husband, and a lonely night watchman is lonely.
There is no news of sending geese, so I have been away from people for a long time.
Poetry is difficult to write, but a glass is afraid of an empty pot.
I met several times, but my eyes dried up when I looked at the water from a distance.
Li Yu's whole-body palindrome poems are novel in conception and unique in style between words and sentences. Reading backwards is a poem that misses her husband. No matter from the rhythm of poetry or the tension of poetry expression, this poem read backwards can be regarded as a masterpiece of love poetry. The whole poem describes a woman who misses her husband in the boudoir. It was a long night, and she didn't want to sleep. She wanted to send colorful notes, but the mountains and rivers were far away and she had to burst into tears.
Li Yu's Two Acacia is a masterpiece of palindrome poetry, which has been praised by later generations for thousands of years. But many people don't agree with this view, thinking that palindromes are just word games and have no artistic value. What is the status of palindromes in the cultural history of China? Please listen to the love letter in detail.
1. Is palindrome really just a word game? Speaking of word games, the first thing that comes to mind is an embedded font, also called "poem clock", which is an entertainment way for ancient literati to recite poems at banquets. In a limited time, integrating the limited words into different positions in poetry and making them on the screen greatly tests a person's instant creative ability. Love letters are incompetent. If they have been graffiti, I will share them with you.
On the moon and plums
Text/micro love letter
In the moonlight, fireflies compete for crossing, and Huang Meiyu never stops.
Picking plums and cooking wine is like this. At this time, the moon is blooming.
Invite moonlight to look for shadows, don't make up with plum blossoms.
Unlike the bright moon, I feel sorry for each other for a long time, but I envy the cold plum and the early fragrance.
Gu Bei's head is like snow, and the moon on Xihua Bridge is like a hook.
Changting ancient road misses the old moon, and there is Humei Lake in Chenxian's works.
I'm afraid of Yun Zheyue. I'm not afraid of ice and snow.
Topic yuemei
There are similarities between the game-level poem clock and palindrome, but the difference is that the difficulty coefficient of palindrome creation is higher, and it takes a strong writing skill to make sentences smooth and coherent, which cannot be done overnight.
Liu Pogong also mentioned in "Hundreds of Ways to Learn Poetry": "Palindrome poems are repeated and intrigued, and you should not take the path lightly." He warned the world not to despise the artistic achievements of palindromes. If palindrome is really regarded as a word game, it is also an advanced game that ordinary people can't play.
Second, palindrome, is it rhetoric or has its unique charm? Throughout Li Yu's two love poems, the images chosen are very common, and "night", "goose", "wine" and "mountain" are really out of the question. The ingenious combination of poetry is by no means a simple rhetoric. For example, "a cup is afraid of an empty pot", a cup and a glass of wine, and an empty pot and an empty pot, conversely, are two different words. The poet's ability to choose words and make sentences is powerful, and the most brilliant place is the use of conjunctions, such as "being afraid of empty pots and wine" The two meanings are easy to understand, and this is the charm of palindromes.
If you simply pile up words, it is difficult to read the poem fluently after reciting it backwards, not to mention that a poem has more than one sentence, and it must also take into account rhythm and rhythm, and the theme of the poem must be harmonious and appropriate. Without a profound literary foundation, a poet can't write a good palindrome. Palindrome is indeed a wonderful flower of culture and art, which is more difficult and distinctive than ordinary quatrains and rhymes.
3. What influence does palindrome have on the development of ancient poetry? Palindrome poetry originated in the Jin Dynasty and was deeply loved by scholars in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Because this form of style is more interesting than ordinary poetry. Poetry is an elegant art because it is "interesting" and has more tension.
After the Spring and Autumn Period, poems were diversified, and palindrome poems were among them. Famous poets in ancient times wrote poems and lyrics at their fingertips. In order to challenge the higher difficulty of creation, they enjoy it. The writing technique of palindrome combines rhetoric and part-of-speech changes, and many elements of late Song and Qing Ci have palindrome shadow. For example, Nalan Rong Ruo once wrote a poem "Bodhisattva Man" in Qing Dynasty:
Bodhisattva-level people
Qing Dynasty: Nalan Xingde
The foggy window is cold to the far sky, and it is cold to the window at dusk.
Flowers fall, crows cry, crows fall.
Sleeves are thin and thin, with thin shadows hanging down the sleeves.
The wind is a little red, and it's windy in HongLing.
The inheritance of China culture has always been to "take its essence and discard its dross". After thousands of years, palindromes can spread to this day, and there must be some merits.
Conclusion:
From Li Yu's Two Acacia, we can appreciate the double beauty of the structure and artistic conception of palindromes. From the initial word game to an art form, palindrome has played a vital role in promoting the development of poetry culture. At the same time, it also warns us to look at the problem dialectically and not be biased. what do you think?
References:
Selected Poems of Nalan Rong Ruo
One hundred ways to learn poetry
Interpretation of Yuefu Ancient Poems