Brief introduction of Jian' an characters:
Three Cao (Cao Pi, Cao Zhi) and Seven Zi (Kong Rong, RoyceWong, Chen Lin, Xu Gan, Ying, Serina Liu), literary giants in the Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty, inherited the realistic tradition of folk songs in Han Yuefu, generally adopted five-character style, and became famous for their vigorous style and generous and sad masculinity.
No matter "Cao Shi and his son" or "Jian 'an seven sons", they all lived in the land of Heluo for a long time, and this handsome and vigorous style is closely related to Heluo culture.
The word "character" was first widely used in the character comments of Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties, and was later quoted in the theory of calligraphy and painting and literary criticism. Regarding literary criticism, Feng Gu, written by Liu Xie in the Southern Tang Dynasty, is the most accurate: "When you express your ambition, you must start from the wind; Thoughtful words, not before bones.
So think of words as bones, such as the skeleton of the body; Love contains wind, and it is still shaped by gas. When the words are straight, the bones become awkward; When the spirit is cool, the style of writing is born. It means that straightforward words and handsome spirit are combined to form a "character" with strong style and strong artistic appeal. Wind is the vitality and internal appeal of an article, while bone refers to the expressive force of an article.
The last title of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty was "Jian 'an" (A.D. 196 ~220), and the Jian 'an period in literary history refers to the period from Jian 'an to Wei Chu. The writers of this era gradually got rid of the shackles of Confucianism and paid attention to the lyricism of their works. In addition, at that time, in the turbulent era of war, their thoughts and feelings were often more impassioned. They created a large number of literary masterpieces, which formed the characteristics of rich content and rich feelings in literary works, that is, people often say "shaping a strong character." "
Characteristics of Jian 'an Literature:
Realistic: For example, Cao Cao wrote in "Morning Dew": "Only the twenty emperors of the Han Dynasty have broken their faith, washed the monkeys and crowned them, knowing the small and seeking the edge." "The thief holds the beans, and the master is destroyed in Beijing. Swinging through the emperor's inheritance, the ancestral hall was burned. " ..... lambasted blades for wrong country, and Dong Zhuo hurt people. Hao tells the story of the private giving and receiving between heroes and self-defeating, which leads to the chaos of war and the misery of the people. The poem vividly depicts the tragic military disaster: "Armor gives birth to lice, and all are surnamed Wu. Bones are exposed in the wild, and there is no chicken crow for a thousand miles. There are hundreds of people left behind, which makes people feel sad! " . Cao Zhi's detailed description of the destruction and defeat of Luoyang at that time in "Looking at Ying Shi" is also terrible: "The walls are all bowed and the thorns are towering." "Nakano depression! Thousands of miles are uninhabited. " In this dilapidated scene, it conveys a sense of sadness and directly expresses the author's grief and indignation: "I miss my usual residence beyond words." Later generations commented that Cao Cao's first two poems were the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, which was called "the History of Poetry".