We took the night train (sleeper) from Moscow to St. Petersburg and arrived in St. Petersburg the next morning. I don't know if it was because Russia was still relatively backward at that time (2007) or because travel agencies were quite backward in order to save money. As soon as the tour leader got on the bus, he told us that theft often happened on the train. I hope everyone will pay attention to safety precautions. After the initial solution, the team leader came to a private room with four people one by one to teach everyone how to lock two doors and add a third line of defense. Tie the door handle tightly to the iron handrail next to the door frame with rope, tape or sheets. If the first two locks are unlocked, the third line of defense can keep the sliding door from being easily opened. The tour leader reminded me to lock the door when I wake up other people in my room in the middle of the night, otherwise it would be convenient for the front foot to go out and the back foot thief to enter. The "bed" in our lower berth is a big wooden box, which can just hold your luggage. Thieves can't move when they come in. You open the box. Fortunately, the shocking night passed without incident. It is said that Russian trains have made great progress now.
St Petersburg is the second largest city in Russia with a population of over 5 million. It is located on the Neva River. Many tributaries of neva river flow into the Gulf of Finland. The whole city consists of more than 40 islands. There are more than 700 bridges connecting the islands in the city, so St. Petersburg is also called "Venice in the North".
The whole city of St. Petersburg is modeled after the European style, and the ancient buildings of the tsarist era can be seen everywhere, both spectacular and exquisite. There are almost all kinds of sculptures on the outer wall of the building, and some bronze figures can often be seen in the garden in the center of the street.
The base of the bronze knight statue of Peter the Great is a 40-ton granite, which was found in Finland Bay in St. Petersburg, and it took five months to get here. The granite is engraved with "Catherine II commemorates Peter the Great1August 782". The horse that Peter the Great rides represents Russia. Its feet are flying, as if to break through all obstacles and go forward bravely. Under the horse's paw, there was a big snake that was trampled to death, representing all the old-fashioned people who prevented Peter the Great from reforming and transforming. As the sculpture shows, Peter the Great broke through many obstacles and built this beautiful city St. Petersburg in this swamp, and built its capital here, bringing backward, feudal and poor Russia to the ocean and prosperity.
There are several famous churches in St. Petersburg, all of which have rich allusions. Blood Cathedral is a rare pure Russian style building in St. Petersburg. 18 1 1 year, Tsar Alexander II was killed by members of the "people's will". During the period of 1883-1907, the cathedral of blood was built in the place where the tsar was killed, hence the name. The design of the Blood Cathedral draws lessons from the style of the Ascension Cathedral of St. Vasily in Moscow, and the colorful "onion" roof building is very eye-catching. The chapel is as high as 8 1 m, and its momentum is quite magnificent.
The Isakiyev Cathedral in St. Petersburg that we see now was built in 18 18~ 1858, which was designed by French designers and built by 440,000 people. It took 40 years. It is considered to be the third cathedral in the world after St Peter's Cathedral in Rome and Cologne Cathedral in Germany. Isakiyev Church is the symbol of St Petersburg. The church is102m high,12m long and12m wide. The whole building can accommodate 12000 people to hold religious ceremonies at the same time. There is a tall statue of Nicholas I in the square in front of the church.
Kazan Cathedral is located on Neva Street in St Petersburg. It was built in 180 1 and completed in181after ten years. Because the main entrance of the church faces east and the side faces Neva Street, it is not very beautiful, so 94 long conical semi-cylinders are erected in the north of the church, and the promenade forms a square surrounded by streets. In front of the colonnade stands the monument of Russian commander Kutuzov and the monument of Russian marshal. In the church, there is the tomb of Kutuzov and the victory of 18 12 in defeating Napoleon.
Located on the right bank of neva river in the center of St. Petersburg, Fort Peter Paul is a famous ancient building in St. Petersburg. The fortress was laid by Peter the Great on Rabbit Island in 1703, the same age as Petersburg. It was originally built as an outpost of the northern war between Russia and Sweden, but it did not play this role. Later it was mainly used as a prison for political prisoners. The gate is called Petrov Gate, which is decorated with a double-headed eagle relief symbolizing the supreme power of the royal family.
19 17 during the October revolutionary armed uprising, Lenin set the revolutionary headquarters in Smolny College, where he issued a declaration on the establishment of Soviet political power. It was the center of the Soviet regime until the capital moved to Moscow in 19 18. From the night of19171.1.6 to the morning of 1. 1.7, more than 200,000 revolutionary soldiers and uprising workers quickly occupied various strategic locations in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and captured the winter, the seat of the interim government at that time. We should explain the "Artillery October Revolution". The uprising took place on165438+1October 7, which is the Gregorian calendar, equivalent to 65438+1October 25 in the Russian calendar, so it was called the "October Revolution". In addition, the cruiser Aphrodite, which was moored on the Neva River at that time, was being overhauled, without loading or personnel. Belyshev, the temporarily appointed political commissar of Aphrodite, fired only a few blanks (no warheads) at the Winter Palace.
The Summer Palace is located about 30 kilometers southwest of St. Petersburg. It faces the Gulf of Finland and consists of fountains, gardens and palaces. It is a famous tourist attraction in St. Petersburg. In order to show Russia's status as a veritable "great power", Peter the Great ordered the construction of the Summer Palace in 1704. He gathered outstanding architects and craftsmen from all over the world, represented by France and Italy at that time, and personally participated in the project planning. Today, there are more than a dozen planning drawings designed by himself. The Summer Palace was completed in 1723. After several generations of czars' further carving, the Summer Palace has become more beautiful and charming. It was destroyed in World War II, later restored and listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO. The Summer Palace is divided into "upper garden" and "lower garden". The most spectacular is the waterfall in front of the palace, which consists of 64 fountains and more than 250 golden bronze statues.
In the history of the Russian empire, only two emperors have won the title of "Great": one is the founder of the empire, Peter I, and the other is Catherine II. In the hearts of Russians, the most powerful woman in their history was Tsar Catherine II, whose rule lasted for nearly 35 years, and Russia in the second half of the eighteenth century was the stage of her historical activities. In the era of yekaterina, Russia stepped into the ranks of world powers.
Peter the Great and Catherine I had a daughter, Queen Elizabeth I, who was unmarried and childless. She chose Peter III, the grandson of Peter the Great, as the heir to the throne and married Catherine II. 1762, Catherine ii led the praetorian guard to launch a coup and acceded to the throne.
The splendid Catherine Palace (also known as Tsar Village) was built by Peter the Great in 17 17 for his wife Catherine I, and it is also the favorite suburban palace of his daughters Queen Elizabeth and Catherine II. Queen Catherine II carried out a large-scale transformation and expansion, and it became the main place for her dissolute and luxurious life. It is said that Catherine II had a double-digit lover. The palace was listed on the United Nations World Heritage List in 1990. Catherine Palace is three stories high and the front is more than 300 meters long. It is mainly composed of blue, white and yellow, which are said to represent the hostess's blue eyes, white skin and blonde hair respectively.
In the royal village, there are not only royal palaces, but also aristocratic schools. 18 1 1 Pushkin, 12 years old, entered Huangcun Middle School and spent six years. His literary genius has been revealed in the school. 1937 It was renamed Pushkin Village to commemorate Pushkin's childhood here. Is the sculpture of Pushkin, a poet sitting on a bench, meditating on a new poem or worrying about his wife's affair?
Winter Palace, also known as Elmy Tashi Museum. Located in the Palace Square in St. Petersburg, it was originally the palace of the czar of the Russian Empire. After the October Revolution, it was converted into a part of Elmy Tashi Museum in St. Petersburg. It is an outstanding example of Russian neoclassical architecture in the middle of18th century. Tashi Museum in Elmy, the British Museum in London, the Louvre in Paris and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in new york are called the four largest museums in the world. The museum was originally the private museum of Russian Queen Catherine II. * * * has more than 2.7 million collections, including prehistoric culture and Egyptian art collections, as well as a large number of oil paintings and sculptures from Italy, Spain, Germany, Britain, Russia, Belgium, the Netherlands and France.
The Alexander Memorial Column built in Winter Palace Square to commemorate 18 12 Russia's victory over Napoleon of France. The memorial column is carved from a whole granite, with a height of 47.5 meters, a diameter of 4 meters and a weight of more than 600 tons. It stands on the cornerstone by its own weight without any support.
Go boating in neva river. Russian folk artists perform songs and dances on cruise ships. However, according to my experience, such performances organized by travel agencies (including the so-called "the greatest performance on earth in Moscow" performances, etc. ) They are basically grassroots teams, which are not worth watching.