Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and is also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province, he moved to Gongxian County, Henan Province. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.
Du Fu is concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills. Du Fu wrote more than 1500 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been celebrated through the ages, such as Three Officials and Three Farewells. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned.
Du Fu's father used to work in the Tang government, but he was demoted to Mianzhou because of frustration. Du Fu was smart and eager to learn since he was a child, but his family was poor and he failed many exams. He has traveled all over the country for a long time, witnessing the sufferings of people's livelihood and the turmoil in the country. Therefore, his poems sometimes actively criticize the disadvantages of the times, sometimes lament the indifference of the world, deeply feel the ups and downs of life, and create many poems that are still thought-provoking.
Du Fu's poems handed down from generation to generation are the most extensive in the Tang Dynasty, and he is one of the most outstanding poets in the Tang Dynasty, which has a far-reaching influence on later generations. Du Fu's works are known as the scars of the world and the sages in poetry. The people are in poverty, and the bottom of the pen is turbulent. It is a masterpiece of realistic poetry. Du Fu lived in an era of prosperity and decline in the Tang Dynasty. His poems profoundly reflect that turbulent historical era and sincerely show his concern for the rise and fall of the country and the suffering of people's lives. People call it "the history of poetry".
Du Fu's Major Achievements
1. Poetry Creation: Du Fu was one of the greatest poets in the Tang Dynasty. He wrote a lot of eternal swan songs, such as Climbing the Peak, Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night, Looking at the Moon, and The Cabin Broken by Autumn Wind. His poems involve history, politics, nature, human feelings and many other aspects, and have touched readers for thousands of years with great momentum, deep feelings and plain language.
2. Realistic poetry creation: Du Fu's poetry advocates simplicity and seeking truth from facts, and opposes flowery and empty words. His poetry embodies the spirit of realism and has an important influence on the development of later poetry.
3. Social criticism: Du Fu exposed many realistic social problems in his creation, such as famine, war and political corruption. His sharp social criticism is full of deep concern for human nature, and he has become a famous "poet and national conscience" in the history of China literature.
4. Artistic innovation of poetry: Du Fu constantly made artistic innovations in his poetry creation, such as creating an epic lyric school, which promoted the development of narrative poetry, lyric poetry and argumentative poetry, and brought the art of poetry in the Tang Dynasty to a new height.