Click to download the file: Zhan Tianyou ppt courseware. Zipper.
Teaching suggestion
1, the text is about the late Qing Dynasty, which is far from the actual life of students. Before class, students can be asked to go to the library (room) or look up information on the Internet, or ask adults for advice, so as to better understand Zhan Tianyou and the social background at that time. Where conditions permit, teachers can prepare portraits of Zhan Tianyou, flip charts or slides with herringbone patterns, and geographical environment maps of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway.
2. The teaching focus of this paper is to grasp Zhan Tianyou's words and deeds, thoughts and other key words, and to understand his patriotic feelings. Teaching can refer to the following ideas:
First of all, understand under what circumstances Zhan Tianyou accepted the task of hosting the construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. These contents are far away from students, and students are not easy to understand. At the beginning of the course, students can exchange knowledge about Zhan Tianyou and the social background at that time. If the students don't know much, the teacher can make some introductions. At the same time, combined with the map, this paper introduces the geographical location and geographical environment of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Then, focus on organizing students to discuss the second and third paragraphs of the text: Why did a China engineer lead the construction of a railway on his own land and caused a sensation at home and abroad? We can understand the imperialists' contempt for the China government from their obstruction, intimidation and ridicule. Engineers from China, despised by imperialist countries, dare to accept this arduous task without fear of ridicule from imperialists, and understand the feelings of engineers from China who shoulder heavy responsibilities for "fighting for breath". From the harsh geographical environment of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, we realize that the task of building Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway is arduous and difficult. Through the discussion, the students fully realized that Zhan Tianyou, in order to safeguard the dignity of the motherland, resolutely accepted the task of hosting the construction of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway under heavy pressure and despite all kinds of difficulties, which was a feat of fighting for the people of China in times of crisis, thus inspiring the students' patriotic enthusiasm.
Secondly, guide students to understand what difficulties Zhan Tianyou has encountered in the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and how to overcome them. This problem can be broken down into three small problems.
(1) What difficulties did he encounter in the process of surveying the route? What did he say, how did he do it, and why did he do it? Guide students to master Zhan Tianyou's words, deeds and thoughts, and experience Zhan Tianyou's serious work attitude, work style of taking the lead and the patriotism of China people.
⑵ What difficulties did he encounter in the process of tunneling and how did he overcome them? You can try to draw a schematic diagram while watching it, and explain the different methods of digging Juyongguan and Badaling tunnels in Zhan Tianyou. When communicating, focus on guiding students to talk about what is "drilling from both ends to the middle at the same time" and what is "middle sinking method" according to the schematic diagram; Then, guide students to contact Juyongguan and Badaling terrain features to understand why Zhan Tianyou adopts these two different construction methods and what are the benefits of these two different construction methods; Finally, combined with careful investigation, students are guided to further think about why Zhan Tianyou dares to adopt such construction methods, so as to realize Zhan Tianyou's flexible and innovative thinking of adopting different methods according to different situations, and its innovative design comes from practice.
(3) What difficulties did he encounter in Qinglong Bridge and how did he overcome them? In solving this part of the teaching difficulties, you can follow the following steps:
Look for and read sentences with herringbone patterns.
② With the help of the illustrations of herringbone lines in the text, use stationery such as pencils to simulate driving, or make an animation demonstration by the teacher.
(3) Organize students to exchange the functions or benefits of herringbone, and experience that Zhan Tianyou has served the motherland with outstanding wisdom and talents.
Read the text again and understand how the author introduced the zigzag line so clearly in accurate language.
Finally, combined with the summary of the text, students can be arranged to practice writing, for example, writing "Zhan Tianyou I know" or continuing to write "Standing in front of the bronze statue of Zhan Tianyou ...".
3. Reading the text with emotion is an important training content of this class:
We should deepen our understanding of the content of the text through reading aloud, and further understand the spirit of Zhan Tianyou. For example, when reading the second part of the sentence about the imperialists obstructing, threatening and mocking the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway construction, we should read out our indignation against the imperialists. When you read that "the imperialists are completely wrong ... Zhan Tianyou is one of them" and "when the news comes out, ... you can win a sigh of relief", you should read the excitement of pride and express your admiration and ardent expectation for Zhan Tianyou. For another example, when reading the fourth paragraph, we should pay attention to Zhan Tianyou's serious work attitude, pioneering work style, courage to face difficulties and obstacles, and determination to accept the task resolutely, so as to win a sigh of relief for the Chinese people.
4. Regarding the "part that feels the deepest", we can implement it according to the following steps:
(1) On the basis of reading the full text, find the part that feels the most.
⑵ Organize students to communicate, talk about the deepest reasons, and guide students to pay attention to Zhan Tianyou's words and deeds on the basis of respecting students' multiple interpretations.
⑶ Re-read what you feel most, and grasp the key words to recite these sentences.
(4) Copy the sentences that you feel most deeply.
5. There are some new words in this class, which students can easily mispronounce:
For example, "blackmail" should be "yāoxié" instead of "yà oxiá"; "Scratch" should be pronounced as "náo" instead of "rá o"; You should pronounce "Mia" instead of "Mao". In addition, there are similarities between "pulp" and "award, stroke", "scratch" and "Rao, Rao, Rao", "ridicule" and "muscle, hunger and luck" in pronunciation and glyph, so we should pay attention to the differences.
6. Conditional places can recommend extracurricular reading materials about Zhan Tianyou and railway history to students, such as patriotic engineer Zhan Tianyou, so that students can get more information through extracurricular reading.
7. Comprehensive study is arranged after class, with the purpose of guiding students to feel the patriotic feelings of Chinese sons and daughters through various forms of Chinese activities and further enhancing their love for the motherland.
From this time on, we should gradually implement comprehensive learning. First of all, according to the learning tips, students can decide which activity mode to choose. Such as collecting information; Reading poetry and prose; Visit people around you. Secondly, make an activity plan and implement the division of labor and activity arrangement of the team members. Then, according to the plan. In the process of activities, teachers should grasp the information in time, adjust and guide in time. Students should be guided to sort out the collected data in time, such as filling in the data record form.