1. Classical early childhood poems
Looking at Lushan Waterfall
Li Bai [Tang Dynasty]
The incense burner in Rizhao is full of purple smoke, and the waterfall hangs in front of Sichuan.
It's flying down three thousands of feet, and it's suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days.
Appreciation
This poem vividly depicts the magnificent scenery of Lushan Waterfall and reflects the poet's infinite love for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.
The first sentence "The incense burner in Rizhao produces purple smoke". "Incense burner" refers to the incense burner peak of Lushan Mountain. This peak is in the northwest of Lushan Mountain, with a sharp and round shape, like a censer. Due to the waterfall, water vapor transpiration, under the bright sunshine, as if there is an indomitable incense burner, purple smoke rises in Ran Ran. A word "life" vividly describes the rising scene of smoke clouds. This sentence sets a magnificent background for the waterfall, and also renders the atmosphere for the following direct description of the waterfall.
The second sentence "Looking at the waterfall hanging in front of the river". The word "looking at the waterfall from afar" takes care of the title "Looking at Lushan Waterfall". "Hanging Qianchuan" means that the waterfall hangs straight from the cliff to the river in front like a huge white practice. The word "hanging" turns from dynamic to static, vividly writing the waterfall in the distance.
the first two sentences of the poem start from the big picture, and outline the panoramic view: purple smoke fills the air at the top of the mountain, white practice hangs in the mountains, and torrent rushes down the mountain, forming a gorgeous and magnificent picture.
The third sentence, "Flying down three thousands of feet", is eloquent and forceful. The word "fly" vividly depicts the scene of the waterfall spewing out; "Straight down" not only describes the high and steep mountains, but also shows the urgency of the water flow. The sky is straight down, and it is unstoppable.
The poet was not satisfied enough, and then he wrote a sentence "It is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days", which really made him want to fall into the sky and astonish his soul. "Doubt is" is worth pondering. The poet clearly said it in a trance, and the readers know it is not, but they all think that it is only in this way that it is more vivid and realistic. The secret lies in the image that has been bred in the poet's previous description. The towering incense burner peak is hidden in the clouds and mist. Looking at the waterfall in the distance is like flying down from the clouds and falling in the sky, which is naturally associated with a galaxy falling from the sky. It can be seen that the metaphor of "Doubt is the Milky Way setting for nine days" is strange, but it does not come out of thin air in the poem, but naturally emerges from the portrayal of the image.
This poem is extremely successful in using metaphor, exaggeration and imagination, with unique conception, vivid language and lucidity. Su Dongpo appreciated this poem very much, saying that "the emperor sent the Milky Way to drop its pulse, and in ancient times there were only fallen immortals". "Immortal" is Li Bai. "Looking at Lushan Waterfall" is indeed an example of physical description and lyricism.
2. Classical early childhood poems
Chanting snow
Zheng Xie in Qing Dynasty
One piece, two pieces, three or four pieces, five, six, seven, eight and ninety pieces.
thousands of pieces, countless pieces, all disappeared when flying into the plum blossom.
Translation
One snowflake, two snowflakes, three or four snowflakes, five, six, seven, eight and ninety snowflakes.
thousands of them are countless, but they fly into the plum blossom and disappear.
Appreciation
The first two sentences of the poem are imaginary, while the last two sentences are real. The combination of the virtual and the real creates a fresh artistic conception. The first three sentences seem ordinary, wandering in the trough, but in the fourth sentence at the end, the whole poem is pushed from the trough to the peak at once with the profound artistic conception of dynamic and static.
Almost all the poems are piled up with numbers, ranging from one to ten to thousands to countless, but they are not burdensome at all. Reading them makes people feel like they are in a vast world of heavy snow, but when they see a pair of cold plums standing proudly in the snow, the snowflakes are mixed with plum blossoms, and people are also mixed with them.
3. Classical early childhood poems
Chunxiao
Meng Haoran [Tang Dynasty]
I awake light-hearted this morning of spring, everywhere round me the singing of birds.
but now I remember the night, the storm, and I wonder how many blossoms were broken.
Appreciation
The poem "Spring Dawn" was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain, and the artistic conception was very beautiful. The poet seized the moment when he just woke up in the spring morning to describe and associate, vividly expressing the poet's love and pity for spring. This poem does not use the general technique of directly describing the immediate spring scene, but captures the typical spring breath and expresses his feelings of loving and cherishing spring through the "spring dawn" (spring morning) when he wakes up instantly.
The first two sentences of the poem were written by a poet who didn't know it was dawn because of spring night's dream. When he woke up, he heard birds singing everywhere outside the house. The poet cherishes ink like gold, and expresses the vibrant scene of spring dawn with only one sentence "everywhere round me the singing of birds". However, people can know that it is the joyful singing of these birds that awakens the lazy sleeping poet. It is conceivable that it is already a beautiful spring outside the house at this time, and we can appreciate the poet's praise for spring.
It is this lovely scene of spring dawn that makes the poet naturally turn to the association of the third and fourth sentences of the poem: I heard the sound of a gust of rain in the twilight last night. How many flowers have been shaken off in the courtyard now? In connection with the first two sentences of the poem, this storm at night is not a storm, but a light breeze and drizzle, which sends the poet to a sweet dream and cleans the morning more brightly, which is not hateful. But after all, it will shake off the spring flowers and take away the spring scenery. Therefore, the phrase "and I wonder how many blossoms were broken" implies the poet's faint sadness and infinite reverie about the passing of spring scenery.
In the poem "It's not worthwhile to visit a garden" by Ye Shaoweng, a Song Dynasty poet, "Spring scenery can't be caged in a garden, and an almond comes out of the wall", which is a famous sentence from ancient times to modern times. In fact, there are * * * similarities with "Chunxiao" in writing. Ye Shi introduces people into the wall and makes people imagine it through a visual image, from a red apricot sticking out of the wall; Meng's poems lead people out of the house and make people imagine it through auditory images. With only a few strokes, I wrote the prosperous spring with fine weather and strange rain. Both poems show that the abundant spring can't be stopped. Look, didn't it break through the wall of the house, show it in front of your eyes and linger in your ears?
Shi Buhua said, "Poetry is still elegant, so don't be straight and expensive." This little poem is only four lines and twenty words, but it is full of twists and turns when written. In the first sentence, the word "spring" points out the season and writes about the sweetness of spring sleep. "Unconsciously" is vaguely unconscious. In this warm spring night, the poet slept soundly, so that the sun came to the window and the sweet dream woke up. Showing the poet's joy in loving spring. The second sentence is about spring scenery, birds singing in the spring morning. "Everywhere" refers to all directions. Birds are noisy on the branches, which is a vibrant scene. "Smelling birds" means "smelling birds". In order to rhyme, the word order of ancient poems has been properly adjusted. Three sentences turned into memories, and the poet recalled the drizzly spring rain last night. The last sentence came back to my eyes, thinking of the scene of spring flowers being beaten by wind and rain and falling red everywhere, from happy spring to cherish spring, and the poet pinned his feelings of loving spring and cherishing spring on the sigh of falling flowers. Love is extremely precious, and cherishing spring means loving spring-that drizzly spring rain also caused the poet's concern about flowers and trees. The leap of time, the alternation of rain and shine, and the subtle changes of feelings are all very interesting and can bring endless interest to people.
The language in Chunxiao is simple and natural, and there is no trace of artificial carving at all. In terms of shallow meaning, the scenery is true, just like a spring flowing from the depths of the poet's heart, crystal clear, filling the poet's life and beating the poet's pulse. Reading it, like drinking alcohol mash, makes you feel drunk. Poets find the true interest and essence of nature by feeling and understanding. "The article is a natural one, and the wonderful hand occasionally gets it." This is the most natural poem, and it is a natural sound.
4. A classic poem about early childhood education
For Wang Lun
Li Bai [Tang Dynasty]
Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he suddenly heard singing on the shore.
Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, which is not as good as Wang Lun's.
translation
Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he heard the sound of singing on the shore.
Even if the Peach Blossom Pond is as deep as thousands of feet, it can't compare with Wang Lun's kindness to me.
Appreciation
This poem is a farewell poem written by Li Bai to his local friend Wang Lun when he visited Taohuatan in Jingxian (now southern Anhui). The first two sentences of the poem describe the scene that Wang Lun came to see Li Bai off when he was about to leave by boat, which simply and naturally expresses Wang Lun's simple and sincere feelings for Li Bai. The last two sentences first praise the profundity of the Peach Blossom Pond with "deep thousands of feet", and then the word "less than" turns the invisible friendship into tangible thousands of feet Pond with the method of foil, vividly expressing Wang Lun's sincere and profound friendship with Li Bai. The language of the whole poem is fresh and natural, and the imagination is rich and strange. Although it is only four sentences and twenty-eight characters, it is one of the most widely circulated masterpieces in Li Bai's poems.
The two sentences in the poem describe the farewell scene. "Li Bai will go by boat" means that the poet will leave the Peach Blossom Pond by boat. That kind of language flows out smoothly without thinking, showing a natural and unrestrained manner of coming on an impulse and returning after it is over. The words "suddenly smell the singing on the shore" and "suddenly smell" indicate that Wang Lun's arrival is indeed unexpected. People didn't arrive before they heard it. From the warm and hearty singing, Li Bai expected that Wang Lun must have come to see me off. This kind of farewell shows that Li Bai and Wang Lun are both informal, happy and free people.
"Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun's", and the second half of the poem is lyrical. The third sentence is connected from a distance, which further shows that the ship is placed in Taohuatan. "Deep thousands of feet" not only describes the characteristics of the pool, but also foreshadows the conclusion.
Peach Blossom Pond is so deep and profound that it touches people's feelings of leaving others. I can't forget Wang Lun's deep feelings, and the deep feelings are naturally linked. At the end of the sentence, I burst out with "not as good as Wang Lun's", which vividly expressed sincere and pure affection by comparing things. The pool is "deep in thousands of feet", so how deep is Wang Lun's friendship with Li Bai? Interesting. Qing Shen Deqian appreciated this sentence very much. He said, "If Wang Lun's love is compared with thousands of feet in Tanshui, it is a common language. The wonderful scene is only in a transition. " Obviously, the beauty lies in the word "less than", and the beauty lies in the use of figurative techniques instead of metaphors, which turn intangible friendship into vivid images, ethereal and aftertaste, natural and true.
the traditional ideas of China's poems are implicit. Yan Yu, a poetic theorist in the Song Dynasty, put forward four taboos in writing poetry: "The language should be straight, and the meaning should be shallow. Avoid dew in the pulse and short taste. " Shi Buhua, a Qing dynasty poet, also said that poetry "should not be straight and expensive". However, the performance characteristics of Li Bai's "Gift to Wang Lun" are: frankness, directness and lack of implication. Its "language is straight" and its "pulse is dew", but its "meaning" is not shallow and its taste is stronger. When the ancients wrote poems, they generally avoided calling them by their names, thinking that they were tasteless. However, "To Wang Lun" begins with the poet calling his own name and ends with calling the other person's name. On the contrary, it is honest, kind and free and easy, and very affectionate.
5. Classical early childhood poems
Xiaochi
Yang Wanli [Song Dynasty]
The spring is silent and cherishes the trickle, and the shade of the tree shines on the water and loves the sunny and soft.
Xiao-he just showed his sharp horns, and dragonflies stood on it long ago.
Translation
The spring eye is silent because it is reluctant to flow carefully, and the shade reflected in the water likes the soft scenery on this sunny day.
As soon as the small lotus leaf emerged from the water, a small dragonfly had already stood on it.
Appreciation
This poem is a fresh poem describing the beautiful scenery of the pond in early summer. Everything is so fine, so soft and so affectionate. Just like a colorful ink painting of flowers, insects and birds. In the picture, the pool, spring, stream, lotus and dragonfly are all small, but exquisite and full of vitality.
in the first sentence, closely follow the topic to write the source of a small pool, a trickle of spring water. The spring water flowed out of the hole without a sound, of course, it was very small. The flowing spring water forms a trickle, which is even smaller. This was very common, but the author added the word "pity" out of thin air, saying that it seemed that Quanyan cherished this trickle very much and was stingy to shed more. So this poem immediately flew and became affectionate, interesting and full of humanity.
in the second sentence, write that the trees shade the water in sunny and soft scenery. This is also a very common thing, but the poet adds the word "love", which seems to cover the pond with her shade to prevent the water from evaporating and drying up, thus turning ruthlessness into sentience. Moreover, the poem takes the form of a shadow, focusing on the soft branches on the water, which is very ethereal.
write three or four sentences about a small lotus in the pond and the dragonfly on it. Xiao-he just showed her budding tender tip out of the water, showing great vitality, but there was a little dragonfly standing on it early on this pointed tender corner, which seemed to get there first and enjoy the early summer scenery. Xiao He and Dragonfly, a "talent show" and an "early existence", look at everything around them with novel eyes and capture the fleeting scenery.
The whole poem "Xiaochi" is devoted to the word "Xiao". Poetry needs to have different themes from those just now, and some major themes must be written in a magnificent realm and momentum; Some subjects are very small, just a detail in life, but they can write about love and fun. And this poem is like a painting, with rich layers of pictures: sun, trees, lotus, pond, bright colors, bright sunshine, dark green shade, green lotus, fresh dragonflies and clear springs. The picture is full of movement: flying dragonflies, shadowy pool water, full of poetry and painting.