The Origin and Inheritance of Shanxi Daoxiao Noodles

Daoxiao Noodles originated in Taiyuan, Shanxi in the12nd century. It is soft, smooth and easy to digest. It is also known as the four major pasta dishes in Shanxi with Zhajiang noodles in Beijing, Yifu noodles in Shandong, Regan Noodles in Wuhan and Dandan Noodles in Sichuan. It is really the "king of pasta". According to the story of famous food in Jin Dynasty, "Daoxiao Noodles originated in Shanxi, and it is a popular boiled pasta, which is the best in pasta. In Shanxi, whether it is urban or rural, especially Pingyao, Jiexiu, Fuyang and Xiaoyi in Jinzhong, housewives, girls and unmarried men in the city will engage in it. " Among all the Daoxiao Noodles in Shanxi, the most famous one is Datong Daoxiao Noodles, which can be described as "Wang Zhongwang pasta".

There is another story about Daoxiao Noodles. According to legend, Mongolian Tatars occupied the Central Plains and established the Yuan Dynasty. In order to prevent the people from rebelling, the rulers confiscated the metal utensils of each household and made relevant regulations, and each household had a kitchen knife. Cutting vegetables and cooking are used in turn, and then returned to the Tatars for safekeeping. One noon, an old man's wife made noodles into dough and asked him to get a kitchen knife. As a result, the knife was taken away and the old man had to go home and wait. Who knows that the old man was touched by something as soon as he left the Tatar Gate. He looked down and found that it was a thin piece of iron, picked it up and put it in his arms. After returning home, the pot kept ringing, and the whole family waited for noodles, but the knife was not brought back. The old man was anxious. Suddenly, he thought of the iron piece in his arms and took it out and said, "Use this iron piece to cut the plane!" " "When my wife saw that the iron sheet was thin and soft, she murmured," How can something so soft be sliced? "The old man said angrily," easily cut. The word "chop" reminds his wife that she put the dough on a board and rubbed it. She picked up the iron piece in her left hand and stood by the pot to "chop" the noodles in the boiling water pot. One piece fell into the pot, cooked, fished into a bowl, and poured brine on it for the elderly. The old man praised while eating: "Very good, very good, I won't have to wait in line for a knife in the future, so I will use this."

In this way, the method of "cutting noodles" is widely circulated, spread all over the land of Sanjin, and is favored by people. In the Ming Dynasty, this kind of "Daoxiao Noodles", also known as "palm noodles", was not only made at home, but also spread to shops and stalls, and gradually evolved into a unique Daoxiao Noodles method. Its taste is both soft and hard, both soft and hard, not only pickled, but also hot-fried and even cold-mixed, which has a unique flavor. However, brine is the best, and it is even better to add some Shanxi mature vinegar.

During the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, a branch of Daoxiao Noodles, Jin Xiaoer Daoxiao Noodles, became attached to a generation of upright official Yu Chenglong, and its skills and recipes were integrated with culture, which developed into a highly cultural official private kitchen and became an intangible cultural heritage.

The cultural and technical composition of Jin Xiaoer includes: an inheritance story; A belief, including "justice and conscience, honesty and ability"; A series of secret recipes, mainly including "marinade"; A series of techniques, that is, the production process, including "three surprises and four awakens", "marinating" and "cutting long noodles with a knife"; There are seven quatrains and couplets in Daoxiao Noodles's poems. A set of religious ceremonies about ancestor worship and teacher worship: 1 There is a general inheritance of reading teacher training, training teachers and giving names; The ceremony of worshipping teachers is not only to worship ancestors, but also to enrich the people; 2. The "binding six rites" in history only exists in cultural inheritance, but not in "artisan behavior" before; 3. Distinctive "three worships and three respects", "the first lesson" and "food and clothing parents". Greatly enriched the content and culture of Daoxiao Noodles.

For example:

Jin Xiaoer Daoxiao Noodles (seven-character quatrains praise Yue)

Three rubs and four awakens. Okay.

Lift Baitou Mountain with both feet.

Five fingers brush out dragons.

Yi wan Xin Xiang wan Jia Huan

Jin Xiaoer's ancestor worship and teacher worship are six satisfactions, three obeisances and three obeisances, and six rites, four laws and two commandments.

Jin Xiaoer's unique homework. Usually they are led by seniors. The senior brother read a sentence, and the disciples read it in unison: First, dress properly, second, clean hands, third, wake up, five flavors are orderly, sixth, water is supplied, and seventh, the price is divided. Eight streets and nine squares are very reassuring.