Lao She is a famous modern writer in China. His works
Some works such as Four Generations under One roof and Teahouse.
And so on, become a classic in modern literature.
195 1 year won the title of "people's artist".
He died of persecution during the Cultural Revolution.
In the 1920s, Lao She used Zhao Ziyue,
Lao Zhang's Philosophy and other novels.
. 1934 In early autumn, Lao She went from Jinan to Qingdao.
I was hired as a professor of Chinese Department of National Shandong University.
From inland "stove" to "one of the northern countries"
Oasis ",Lao She who grew up in Beijing for many years.
I am satisfied with my choice.
At school, Lao She is open to students.
Introduction to literature, novel practice, European literary trend of thought, foreign literary history, etc.
Lao She was 35 years old when she arrived at Shandong University. He is an art writer and has written many influential novels, such as Lao Zhang's Philosophy, Zhao Ziyue, Xiaopo's Birthday, Ermayina and The Biography of Niu Tianci. Entering the field of higher education, Lao She is also outstanding. His Introduction to Literature has a unique style and is an influential monograph on literary theory. His novel practice, combined with his own creative experience, is simple and vivid, which benefits students a lot. An excellent writer is also an excellent scholar, and Lao She shows an extraordinary dual identity.
Lao She is approachable and tireless in teaching, and is a good teacher deeply loved by students. He lectures carefully, expresses humor, and has a set of effective and popular teaching methods. For example, in his writing class, he always corrects his homework seriously, from structure and paragraphs to punctuation, reviewing one by one. He always looks for some good articles to circulate among his classmates. Lao She enthusiastically supported young artists to set up "Diao Dou" on campus as a garden for study and creation. What's more, he wrote articles such as "My Creative Experience" for the magazine, and also helped to make some specific instructions for revising the manuscript.
Universities are academic centers and ideological centers. Lao She has given many academic lectures in Shandong University, from the power of stroke nation to poetry and prose to typical figures in literature and art, and publicized the national spirit and literary knowledge to teachers and students.
Lao She has deep feelings for Qingdao. He wrote Qingdao and Shanda, a beautiful article full of patriotic thoughts and feelings. He compiled two collections of novels, Sakura Sea Collection and Mussel Algae Collection, which shows his attachment to Qingdao. He participated in the founding of Summer Story and recorded the life in Qingdao.
1936 In the summer, Lao She resigned from Shandong University and became a professional writer, writing his masterpiece Camel Xiangzi in Qingdao. 1937 After the July 7th Incident, Lao She left Qingdao for Jinan, took office in cheeloo university, and then left Shandong to participate in the anti-Japanese patriotic movement.
Lao She's Social Activities in Qingdao
(1) seaside party (2) Lao She and Liaocheng Smoked Chicken (3) Lao She and Summer Record.
Gather at the seaside
Qingdao is a summer resort. Around 1934, many domestic writers and scholars gather in Qingdao Shandong University every summer. Hong Shen, Wen Yiduo,,,, Zhao Shaohou, Zhao Taimou, Ding Shan, You Guoen, Yang, Wang Yaping, Xiao Difei, etc. Either work in Shanda for a long time, or stay in Shanda for a short time and have close contacts with each other. Lao She and these friends learned from each other, shared the joys and sorrows of life, and forged a profound friendship.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/935, Lao She proposed to Hong Shen, Cang Kejia, Wang Yaping and others during the summer vacation. A short-term literary and artistic publication was approved, and twelve writers were invited as writers. In this way, on July 14, Qingdao People's Daily printed the first issue for the purpose of recording the summer vacation. (Note: See Wang Yaping: Lao She and the story about the summer vacation (one of Lao She's stories), No.4 Qinghai Lake, 198 1. )
The authors of Summer Notes are: Wang Yuqi, Wang Tongzhao, Wang Yaping, Lao She, Du Yu, Li Tongyu, Wu Boxiao, Meng Chao, Hong Shen, Zhao Shaohou, Cang Kejia and Liu Ximeng. "They are twelve literati with different styles, different moods, different opinions and different positions; The way he speaks is even different. " "They are the same at one point; They are all literary lovers; They all see clearly that literature and art, like politics, law and religion, are also tools created by human beings themselves to enhance human happiness. They can't' indulge themselves'; They want to give so-called writers the same authority as artists and politicians. " "In addition, they have one thing in common-that is, meeting people. /kloc-in the summer of 0/935, in the summer resort of Qingdao, they must maintain a' summer' attitude. " (Note: Hong Shen: Notes on Summer Vacation,1July 935 14 Qingdao People's Daily. ) This is what Hong Shen said in the "Introduction" of the first issue of A Record of Summer Vacation. This passage euphemistically and implicitly explains the purpose of this short-term publication.
Lao She published novels such as Ding, Essay on Tomatoes, Talking about Tomatoes, Summer Vacation, Sandalwood Fan, After beginning of autumn, Waiting for Summer Vacation, Finished and Three Laws of Poetry. His poems, like other poems, are humorous in language and style. Let's talk about tomatoes. Speaking of "tomatoes can be seen everywhere" in Qingdao, there are many foreigners in China, and there are probably many people who eat foreign stinky tofu and despise "Shandong melon seeds" and garlic. The lines satirize some people's "slavery" psychology. The words are calm and playful, but the content is serious. Sandalwood fans are also well written. This work comes into contact with the issue of "national character" from another side. "When it comes to the question of whether the nation is old or not, it is naturally inconvenient to get to the bottom of it. It is best to nod your head first and smack your lips:' We are much older; You are a grandson! "So, even if my grandfather was beaten by my grandson, his grandson was young and ignorant. Be generous and don't even sue for disobedience. This is called' strength'. Knowing this, it is wise not to talk about state affairs. "The writer didn't stop at the irony of the backward" national character ",but turned his pen again and pointed the finger at the Kuomintang reactionaries in front of the strong enemy. Behind the joking words, you can feel the author's grief and indignation. Other compositions are a little vague because they want to talk about the general topic of "summer vacation". Even so, because every essay is an expression of the author's true feelings, it still has a particularly cordial taste. The article "Summer Resort" reveals the author's bitter feelings in welcoming and sending him to a hectic life.
The summer vacation is published once a week in People's Daily. Later, the demand was in short supply, so 800 pages of Taoist paper were printed, folded into eight small pages, and sent to bookstores for sale, which sold well. By the tenth issue of the publication, the contributing writers had left Qingdao one after another. Their "summer vacation is originally a matter of caring for people" and "having something to do in Qingdao". At the end of the summer vacation, "The Ke family returned home early, Yaping traveled all over the mountains and rivers, went to Peiping when he was young, and rushed back to Jinan ..." (Note: Lao She: It's over, summer vacation notesNo. 10. It's nearly late autumn, "Guangdong moon cakes and Qingdao summer vacation seem to be out of touch", so the publication was finally published in the tenth issue. Lao She's Finished, even if it is finally published, is also in a prominent position in the tenth issue.
Lao She likes this publication very much, and also misses the life at the seaside where friends get together this summer vacation. He wrote three laws of poetry to express his nostalgia for his lost friends.
Lao She's Social Activities in Qingdao (Continued)
(1) seaside party (2) Lao She and Liaocheng Smoked Chicken (3) Lao She and Summer Record.
Lao She and Liaocheng Smoked Chicken
/kloc-one day in 0/935, Mr. Lao She and Professor Xiao Difei from Qingdao went out for a drink. Professor Xiao brought Liaocheng smoked chicken as an appetizer. Lao She tasted it and praised it: "It tastes unique and has never been tasted in my life." When he learned that this Liaocheng specialty had not been named, Lao She said, "This chicken is black in color and purple inside, and it looks like an iron clank. Is it quite like the selfless black bag in the play? " Simply put, it is called "Iron Rooster". After the news spread, the smoked chicken in Liaocheng got the name of "Iron Rooster" in this way. During the Anti-Japanese War, this kind of smoked chicken was basically lost and gradually recovered after liberation. Now people can taste the iron cock which is fragrant but not greasy and has a unique flavor.
Lao She and "Summer Novels"
If someone specializes in the literary supplement of modern newspapers in China, he will never let go of Xia Ji, which Lao She once co-founded and edited. When summer comes, 1935, 12 writers and scholars gather in the summer resort of Qingdao. However, no one wants to be a "real idle person" on this "cultural desert island", so they agree to open a speech place immediately. Thus, relying on Qingdao People's Daily, but actually independently arranged, bound and sold, the literary supplement "Summer Story" came into being. The 12 intellectuals are Lao She, Wang Yuqi, Wang Tongzhao, Wang Yaping, Du Yu, Li Tongyu, Wu Boxiao, Meng Chao, Hong Shen, Zhao Shaohou, Cang Kejia and Liu Ximeng. From the first issue 14 in July to the last issue 15 in September, it lasts for two months, once a week, and retail investors get 3 points. * * * sent 10 and died. This is a very special literary supplement, a typical peer publication, which died with the summer heat and autumn wind. It is full of the unique inspiration quality of intellectuals, but it is not bookish at all, showing the noble character of this group of intellectuals who are "bitter in poetry and clumsy in writing" everywhere. Publishers claim that their common pursuit is to regard literature and art as "tools to promote human happiness" like law, politics and religion.
As the main force of The Story of Summer Vacation, Lao She was a teacher in the Chinese Department of Shandong University and lived in Qingdao. Literary friends from all over the world gather together, and he will certainly do his best as a landlord. Apart from entertaining literary friends in life, he devoted himself most to the Summer Story Club. His manuscript was published in 9 issues 10, and there were 1 1 articles successively, including 7 essays, 3 old-fashioned poems and 1 short story 1 article. In these articles, Lao She often uses the topic to criticize the current disadvantages. For example, the essays "Tomatoes" and "Talk about Tomatoes Again" use the spread of tomatoes in China to remind Chinese people to be alert to the "cultural aggression" of capitalism, and make sharp satires on those who "eat foreign stinky tofu and despise' Shandong melon seeds' and garlic". In the novel Ding, Lao She expressed her concern about the increasingly "westernization" of China society. While attacking foreigners, rich people and women, he expressed his sympathy for the poor and malnourished students in hell. This novel is also a typical representative of Lao She's earlier attempt to use stream of consciousness. The essay "Avoiding Summer" and "Waiting for Summer" also implies the author's resentment against the inequality between the rich and the poor in the world: "The rich can conquer nature, and the toad without money just cushions the table feet." Honolulu, on the other hand, lashed out at the "quintessence of the nation" and the backward national character that did not believe in science and accepted new things. The Three Laws of Poetry published in the last issue is a frank expression of Lao She's true feelings and friendship. He wrote in the introduction before the poem: "Living in Qingdao this summer, I will get my friend's paper and enjoy a sea bath. Qiu Lai, farewell to sages, farewell to long-lost people! " Beautiful gathering, "stepping on the sand hand in hand", the former Shu Er, why not let the host who has always attached importance to feelings feel sad? "An old friend ran east and west, north and south, and led the country to mourn! Since then, Taoyuan Dream, * * * Wei Sanghai rewards genius? " Fortunately, there is still a long time, I hope next year: "Don't throw away the money, Qingzhou melon is ready for you!" " It's just that history is hard to repeat itself. 1936 when the summer heat came, Lao She naturally wanted to entertain some literary friends who went to Qingdao, but he didn't want to run a magazine any more, so he quit his job as Alexander and devoted himself to the writing of Camel Xiangzi. This is another story.