First, single choice
Discussion on Historical Plays in 65438+Early 1960s Historian Wu Han put forward the viewpoint that historical plays are both art and history, demanding that historical plays should not be fictional and exaggerated. Li Xifan, a literary critic, thinks that "historical drama is art, not history".
2. Guo Moruo talks about Mao Zedong's poem "Dead Hua Lian" in the way of Mao Zedong and two combination.
3. At the beginning of1967, Zhou Yang was a black-line literary figure criticized by Mao Zedong.
4. The first press conference was held in July 1949.
The organizer of the All-China Association of Literary Writers, founded in 1946, is Zhang Daopan.
6. After Japan surrendered, the official literary publication "Literary Pioneer" sponsored by the Kuomintang.
The newspaper that reported Mao Zedong's speech at Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art was Xinhua Daily.
Hong Kong, the center of left-wing culture in the late 1940s.
9. Mao Zedong's literary thought has practical characteristics.
In May, 10. 1962, the People's Daily Supplement opened a miscellaneous newspaper column-multi-empty recording.
1 1. Yang Shaoxuan adapted the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl into A New Day with a River.
12. Li Ji is a famous oil painting poet.
13. The director of the drama Teahouse is Jiao Juyin.
14. Xu Maoyong is an essay writer who has made outstanding contributions to the revitalization of essays.
15. The writer who wrote prose into poetry was Yang Shuo.
16. The opening work of contemporary narrative poetry is Zhanghe Water.
17. Zhou Libo's work that won the Stalin literature prize is The Tempest.
18. The so-called redundant person in revolutionary literature is Sun Li.
19. The author of Red Rock is Luo Guangbin Yang Yiyan.
20. 1958 A great discussion under the background of the new folk song movement is the road to the development of new poetry.
2 1. Mao Zedong put forward "two combinations" (the combination of revolutionary realism and revolutionary romanticism) when talking about his views on new poetry.
22. The direct trigger of the 10-year-long Cultural Revolution was the criticism of the new historical drama "Hai Rui dismissed from office".
23. Mao Zedong criticized literature and art for the second time on June 27th, 1964.
24. The characteristic of Guo Moruo's view of historical drama is to look for events and figures in history as the basis of his speech on reality from the perspective of realistic political issues.
25. Guo Moruo's evaluation of Cao Cao-the image of a great politician, strategist and poet.
26. The purpose of Guo Moruo's writing Cai Wenji is to rehabilitate historical figures.
27. Guo Moruo's evaluation of Wu Zetian-his talent is generally aimed at Qiang Bing, a rich country. He knows people well and is a monarch with human feelings.
28- Which part of Cai Wenji is patriotic-"Wenxi belongs to Korea"
29. The theme of China's modern society and literary creation revealed by Cai Wenji-the conflict between national social responsibility and personal feelings.
30. Cao Yu's first contemporary drama is Clear Sky, and his five-act drama in 196 1 is Sword of the Brave.
3 1. Among contemporary operas, Wu Han's "Hai Rui Dismissed from Office" has the greatest influence and directly becomes an important political event.
32. Guo Xiaochuan's Trilogy of Generals, Wen Jie's Flame of Revenge, and Li Ji's Biography of Levin are contemporary realistic poems, The Flame of Revenge, which tells the life of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang. 1950-19519565438 The artistic structure is huge, and the pursuit of grandeur is unfolding.
33. Mao Zedong pointed out that the way out for China's poetry is to develop new poetry on the basis of famous songs and classicism.
34. 1964- 1965 The drama is mainly based on the life in the socialist period since the 1950s. Imagination of "anti-imperialist and anti-revisionist" movements in Asia, Africa and Latin America (such as Thunder in Congo and Battle of the Equator Drum) is the theme of all works without exception.
Younger Generation, Sentinel under Neon Lights and Never Forget were highly praised by critics at that time, and Never Forget was the most rigorous in structure.
35. He Jingzhi's political lyrics can be divided into two categories: one is that the pattern is relatively small, drawing more lessons from folk songs and classical poems, and the other is "masterpiece", "ode to ten years" and "Lei Feng Song".
36. Guo Xiaochuan's masterpiece in contemporary poetry is a group of political lyric poems with the general title "To Young Citizens". In addition to "stair poetry" and "semi-metrical style", there is also "modern fu style" Snow and Valley both adopt the contemporary popular semi-metrical style.
Second, multiple choices.
1. Literary publications sponsored by Chinese Writers Association include People's Literature, Literary Newspaper, New Observation, Translation, Literary Research, Poetry Magazine, National Literature and Literary Criticism.
2. What are the titles of "Shanxi Writers Group"? "Shaanxi School", "Spark School" and "Shan Yao Egg School"
3. Zhao Shuli1940s' works include Marriage of Young Black, Li Youcai Banhua, Changes of Li Jiazhuang, etc.
4. 1962 People's Literature Times opened a column of "Long and Short Records" to commend the advanced ideas of correcting strength and increasing knowledge.
5. 1956 Guo Moruo, Ba Jin, Mao Dun, Lao She and Cao Yu are all known as "masters of language art" in modern China.
6. During the ten-year Cultural Revolution, the films that were criticized included Early February, Enemy at the Gates, Starting a prairie fire, Revolutionary Family and The Red Fox and the Red Guards.
7. Yang Shuo's representative works include Litchi Honey, Camellia Ode, Snow Waves and Red Leaves in Xiangshan, etc.
Writers known as liberal writers in the late 1940s included Zhu Guangqian, Xiao Gan and Shen Congwen.
9. The author of Notes on Three Villages is Wu Handeng Kuo Liao Mosha.
10. Political lyric poems include Singing, Song of Lei Feng and Ode to Ten Years.
Third, the essay questions
1. The artistic achievements of Liu Qing's entrepreneurial history (I)
The History of Entrepreneurship is an epic masterpiece reflecting the theme of contemporary countryside. Critics' evaluation of this novel with the highest scale of realism "breadth" and "depth" is enough to prove its artistic achievements.
There are clear positive and negative lines in the novel, which runs through it all the time. The image-building of Liang San, a representative figure swinging between these two fronts, is regarded by critics as the most prominent symbol of entrepreneurial history. Liang San's image is plump and thick, revealing the depth and breadth of social reality.
The novel adopts the narrative mode of "narration plus discussion". The distinct distance between narrative intonation and characters' language is helpful to realize the narrator's involvement in the story, show the narrator's omniscient and authoritative posture, directly reveal the characters' emotions and psychological motives, and also explain and judge the characters' events. Obviously, the artistic achievements of Zhao Shuli's History of Entrepreneurship are superior to contemporary rural novels in typicality and depth.
2. The artistic features of Lao She's Teahouse
Lao She's masterpiece Teahouse (1957) is the change of Yutai Teahouse in three periods (late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, the eve of civil war), which shows the historical change of China from the end of 19 to the founding of New China. Through three comparisons, the author expressed his inclination to the new social system. When launching this grand theme, Lao She chose to start from the perspective of "side" and "little people" life changes, and limited the description scope to the teahouse, a "small society". He did not adopt the common structural model of contemporary drama-the central plot and the conflict running through the whole drama, but adopted an innovative form called "Tujuan Opera" or "genre painting". Many characters are placed in scenes showing the characteristics of different times. The characters in the play involve the "three religions and nine streams" of civil society, among which Wang Lifa, Master Chang and Qin are the three major figures running through the whole play.
3. The characteristics of Baihua literature
Most of them are short stories. Of course, there are "senior" writers in these works, mainly young writers who embarked on the literary road at the turn of the 1940s and 1950s. On the surface, their creation shows two tendencies: one is to ask their creation to strengthen their "intervention" in real politics, and take on more responsibilities of exposing the shortcomings of the times and caring about the defects of social responsibility; The other is to ask literature to return to "art" and clean up the excessive social and political burden imposed on it. The two tendencies seem to be opposite, but in fact they are related to the writer's spiritual intention.
4. "Ten-year turmoil" literary trend of thought
Ten-year literary trend of thought is called political literary trend of thought, which is a special stage. There is no literary trend of thought in a specific sense. The so-called literary trend of thought is nothing more than stealing the name of literature. It is essentially a widespread ultra-left political trend of thought, which is manifested in two aspects: first, it completely denies the previous literary traditions and achievements represented by Summary, and its center is to concoct a "black line dictatorship theory" and a "black eight theory", which is the representative of the literary front.
5. The function of the wedge at the beginning of Red Flag
On the one hand, it extends the historical basis of the event to prove the revolution, on the other hand, it provides bedding and comparison for the text.
6. The focus of contemporary short stories.
7. 1958 What are the characteristics of Guo Moruo's poem10/kloc-0?
With the great leap forward (1 day is equal to 20 years), it is a model of timely coordination between poetry and politics.
8 tell the difference between short stories and novels from the perspective of subject matter.
The novel focuses on the performance of historical short stories, and pays more attention to the reality and the ongoing state of affairs and conditions.
9. Which novel of Zhao Shuli was discussed in Wen Yi Newspaper? Exercise exercise.
10. What happened to Zhao Shuli's literary concept before and after?
In the concept of novels, he also insisted on the same understanding of novel writing and rural practical work, but later he did not particularly insist on taking novels as the guidance of rural work, and highlighted the functional view of "teaching" inherited by traditional operas.
1 1. Briefly describe what basic artistic features of Lao She are embodied in the content and theme of Longxugou.
Longxugou is centered on the arrangement of a stinking ditch by the Beijing Municipal People's Government. Through the different life experiences of four families living in the courtyard beside the ditch, it expresses the author's praise for the new regime and the central theme of "People's government loves people's government, people love".
Personalization of characters, life-oriented drama conflicts and personalization of characters' language.
12. The main works of the second dramatic climax
Chen, platoon leader of the Eighth Company, a sentry hero under neon lights, can withstand the corrosion of the bourgeoisie and the tests of various environments. Don't forget that Hero Ding, a worker in an electromechanical factory, must educate the youth on socialism and correctly handle the time problem in daily life. The hero of the younger generation, Lin Yusheng, who graduated from the Geological College, was not decided by his family (revolutionary bloodline theory).
Revolutionary historical dramas include Enemy at the Gates, Red Scenery, Running Water in July, The Last Scene, Mount Dufu and Crusade to the East. Historical dramas include Tian Han, Guan Hanqing, Guo Moruo, Wu Zetian and Cao Yu's "Being both wise and brave".
Thirteen-year capitalization-1950- 1963 seventeen-year literature-1949- 1966 (before the cultural revolution in the fifties and sixties)
Four. Noun interpretation
1. Southwest Frontier Group-A group of young military writers who live or fight in southwest frontier areas such as Yunnan and Guizhou in western Sichuan have re-created the lyrics of local folk epics, including Gong Liu Gu Gong.
2. The fourth script-a script that reflects other themes besides the life theme of workers, peasants and soldiers, such as Ye Yue's Bitterness, tells the story of an old cadre's emotional entanglement with his ex-wife and current wife.
3. Non-mainstream literature-those thoughts and creations that deviate from or contradict the mainstream literary norms are produced in the period when the requirements for literary norms are relaxed and the norms are understood by multiple genders, such as the policy adjustment period in the era of "letting a hundred flowers blossom" and the Cultural Revolution.
4. Shanghai novels
Some writers who lived in Shanghai in the forties wrote some works and novels about the daily life of Shanghai residents, which are called Shanghai novels. Shanghai novels were criticized by literary circles in 1930s and 1940s, and even lost their rationality of existence after 1950s, such as Zhang Ailing and Su Qing.
5. Liu Zhidan Incident-1962, at the Tenth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee, this novel describing Liu Zhidan's establishment of the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Army and its experiences in many regions was criticized as "a poisonous weed for Jeremy goldkorn's conviction", which triggered Mao Zedong's famous comment that "it is a great invention to use novels to oppose the Party", and finally established the Liu Zhidan project review team headed by Kang Sheng.
7. Nine Leaves School-Jiangsu People's Publishing House officially published the poetry collections of Cindy and other nine people with the title of Nine Leaves Collection, hence the name "Nine Leaves School".
8. July School —— A group of poets who published poems in July Magazine edited by Hu Feng or in July Poetry Magazine during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period. Most of these poets were influenced by Hu Feng's literary thought, and some of them later infiltrated into Hu Feng's counter-revolutionary backbone.
9. Three highlights-highlight the positive characters among all the characters, highlight the heroes among the positive characters, and highlight the main heroes among the heroes.
10. Three combinations-leading the ideological masses, life writers and skills.
1 1. Three centers-
12. Three three highs-famous actors and professors with high salaries, bonuses and remuneration.
13. Summary
14. Tiananmen Poetry
On April 5, 1976, around Tomb-Sweeping Day, millions of Beijingers went to Tiananmen Square in various forms to mourn Premier Zhou, among which poetry was widely used to express condemnation of the Gang of Four's ultra-left line crimes and dissatisfaction with the alliance.
15. Underground literature-unpublished handwritten novels and poems written by young intellectuals during the Cultural Revolution.
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17. The Black Eight Theory is the representative viewpoint of the black line of literature and art, which specifically refers to the theories of "writing truth", "realism-a broad road", "deepening realism", "deciding against the theme", "writing middle characters" and "opposing the smell of gunpowder".
18. Cultural Character-The writer's birth and life experiences and the geographical areas depicted in his works are all characterized by geographical changes. The focus of the Writers Center has shifted from writers born in southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan and Hunan during the May 4th Movement to contemporary writers born in the northwest Central Plains, such as Shanxi, Chaji, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi, Shandong and Henan.
19. Step Poetry-A poem with lines arranged in a trapezoid, originally belonging to the Soviet poet Mayakovski. In order to meet the needs of reading, he cut the long sentences of prose poems into echelon arrangement and became a new poetic style, which was called fragmentation.