Yuefu is a musical stage institution established in the ancient court of China. Originally set up in the Qin Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Shaofu. In 65438 BC+065438 BC+02 BC, Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty formally established Yuefu, whose duty was to collect folk songs or poems of literati as music for court sacrifices or banquets. The poems it collected were later called "Yuefu Poetry" or "Yuefu Poetry" for short. The establishment of Yuefu organization continued the tradition of collecting poems in the pre-Qin period, and the Yuefu poems appeared inherited the realistic tradition of The Book of Songs, which had a great influence on later generations. The poems of Yuefu in Han Dynasty are included in the suburban temple songs, preaching songs, harmony songs and miscellaneous songs in Yuefu Poetry Collection. In this article, I will choose the most advanced one to share with you.
1, Peacock flies southeast.
Peacock Flying to the Southeast was originally named "Ancient Poetry as Jiao Zhongqing's Wife", which was based on a marriage tragedy in Lujiang County (now Huaining and Qianshan, Anhui Province) in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Mainly tells the story that Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi divorced and remarried under the pressure of Jiao Mu and Liu Xiong. Finally, Jiao Zhongqing and Liu Lanzhi both committed suicide by double suicide. The poem satirizes the harm of Confucian ethics to individual freedom through the despicable description of Jiao Mu and Liu Xiong. In the Han Dynasty, Confucianism gained exclusive respect, and the Confucian thought of loyalty and filial piety was widely recognized by the society. It is this stupid loyalty and filial piety that gave birth to this tragedy. This poem, which is more than 350 sentences long, is the best of Yuefu poems and a famous one in China's five-character poetry style. The Northern Dynasties' Mulan Ci is also called "Yuefu Double Wall". However, the writing age of the poem is still controversial. The theme of the poem took place in Jian 'an period, but the writing age of the poem may be later.
2,' Shang Mo Sang'.
Shang Mo Sang, also known as Yan Ge Luofu, is included in the famous work Xiang He Ge Ci of Han Yuefu. "Shang Mo Sang" tells the story of a mulberry-picking woman named Luo Fu in the State of Qin. Facing the molestation of officials such as the satrap, she took her time and refused his unreasonable demands by praising her husband. The whole poem has vivid plot, gorgeous language and vivid image, and at the same time shows a strong folk song style. Shang Mo sang's fluent language, natural and harmonious rhythm and neat antithesis proved that the five-character poems at that time were mature.
3.' Great Wall Cave Drinking Horses'.
Jiang Chun grass green, endless extension to the distance, makes me miss my husband who travels far away. A husband who is far away from home can not miss him all day, but he can see him in his dream soon. I saw him by my side in my dream and woke up to find that he was still in exile. There are different areas in China, and my husband is wandering in China. Mulberry withered until the wind came, and the sea knew the taste of cold. Fellow travelers home, dear, who will tell me the news of my husband? A guest came from far away and brought me a carp-shaped wooden box with silk and silk letters in it. Tell the boy to open the wooden box and write a letter with a ruler. What did you say in your husband's silk letter? The first part of the letter is to increase appetite. It is said that the second half of the letter is often left out.
Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Cave is a Yuefu poem in the Han Dynasty, which first appeared in Zhaoming Wenxuan and was entitled Yuefu Ancient Poems. The Great Wall Cave is a spring cave under the Great Wall, where you can drink horses. "The road to recruitment is sad for this. It is said that the conscription system in the world is not finished, and the woman is thinking about her husband and pretending to be okay. " The theme of this poem is obvious, which satirizes the frequent corvees in the Qin Dynasty by thinking about the wife's thoughts on her husband. Of course, this poem is not necessarily a satire on the Qin Dynasty, but also a satire on the present through ancient times. There is no such thing as "a ballad beyond the Great Wall" in this poem. "Be careful when giving birth to a man, and use milk when adopting a daughter. I don't see the Great Wall, and the corpses are everywhere to support each other. " So direct, but tender, it reflects the suffering of the corvee from the side, and also leaves more aesthetic feeling and imagination space for readers.
4. Long song.
The trees in the garden are lush, and the crystal dew rises in the sun. Spring fills the earth with hope, and everything presents a scene of prosperity. I am always afraid that when the cold autumn comes, the trees in Ye Er will turn yellow and the grass will wither. A hundred rivers go east to the sea, when will they return to the west? A lazy youth, a lousy age.
Long Songs is a rare life philosophy poem in Han Yuefu, which has a great enlightening effect on readers. The theme of poetry is to talk about the change of seasons, and time is gone forever, and to persuade people to cherish time and work hard. Among them, "Young people don't work hard, but the elderly are sad" has become a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages. Poetry tells people the truth of life, but quietly, and achieves the combination of scene and teaching in aesthetics.
5, "singing with white heads"
Love should be as pure as snow in the mountains and as bright as clouds on the moon. I heard that you have two hearts, so I came to break up with you. Today is like the last party, and tomorrow we will break up. I moved my feet slowly along the edge of the road, and my past life flowed like water in a ditch, never returning. When I decided to take the king away from home, I didn't cry like an ordinary girl. I am full of thinking that if I marry a person with a heart, I can love each other and be happy forever. The bamboo pole is curled and the fish tail is twisted. Men value spirit, why use money and knives?
"Baitou Yin" is a folk song of Han Yuefu, which belongs to "Harmony Song". Some people think that it was written by Zhuo Wenjun, but there is no evidence yet. Wang Liqun said, "Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems were not written by Zhuo Wenjun. It is two five-character poems, but it is impossible to produce such a mature five-character poem in the middle of the Western Han Dynasty. " This poem, according to the words of a hostess, depicts a woman with frank personality and clear grievances. Xu Shi once commented: "Its charm is extraordinary, and its meaning is graceful and restrained, which can be ironic. Later generations have many plans, and they are simple and ancient, and they are incompetent. "
6. Tenth Five-Year Plan.
He joined the army at the age of fifteen and didn't come back until he was eighty. Everyone in the village, who is at home? Looking into the distance is your home, with countless pines and cypresses. Rabbits enter from the dog's sinus and pheasants fly from the beam. In the atrium, Green Valley was born, and in the well, Lv Kui was born. Eat grains as rice and drink sunflower as soup. The soup and rice have been cooked for a while, and I don't know who it will be. Going out and looking east, tears fell on my clothes.
Fifteen Conscriptions of Joining the Army is from Yuefu Poetry, with the theme of accusing the military service in the Han Dynasty. Judging from the fact that they 15 people joined the army and returned to China in the 1980s, it was probably in the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Always a veteran, he began to serve in the army at the age of fifteen and didn't go home until he was eighty. But when I got home, my family died and my house was deserted. This sad poem, sincere and distinctive, arouses sympathy and makes us dissatisfied with the cruel military service system. This poem is similar to picking Wei in The Book of Songs.
7. Shang Xie
Evil, I want to know you, and I want to live a long life. I long to know you, long live, this heart will never fade. Unless the towering mountains disappear, unless the raging rivers dry up. Unless thunder rolls in the cold winter, unless it snows heavily in the hot summer, unless heaven and earth meet and connect, I dare to abandon my feelings for you until such a thing happens!
Regret for the Past is one of the Eighteen Poems of Gui, which belongs to Yuefu prose songs. Poetry Appreciation Dictionary of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties holds that it should be combined with thinking, while Yuefu Poetry Appreciation Dictionary holds that they are independent of each other. I think this poem is the oath of lovers at that time, far from showing any love loyalty. This routine of vows has been enduring for generations. For example, in Dunhuang Quzi Ci, it says, "Make a thousand wishes before your pillow and rest until the green hills rot." Fish scales floated on the water until the Yellow River dried up completely. During the day, Beidou returned to the south. You can't stop if you stop, and you will see the sun in the middle of the night. "
8,' Ancient Songs'
Autumn wind whispers and worries about killing people, coming in and out. Who is in the seat and who is not in a hurry? Let my hair turn white. It's windy around Hu, so why repair trees? The distance from home is getting farther and farther, and the clothes are slowing down. The brain can't talk, and the wheels in the intestines turn.
The "ancient songs" in Han Yuefu mainly talk about homesickness and homesickness. Autumn is the time when border guards need autumn clothes most and miss their hometown most. The border guards felt sad in the desolate wind, and he compared his thoughts to the wheels rolling in his intestines. A similar word also appeared in Elegy: "Elegy can be used as crying, but from a distance it can be used as angelica." Miss my hometown and feel depressed. Nobody wants to go home, and there is no boat to cross the river. The brain can't talk, and the wheels in the intestines turn. " There is also an old song in "Han Yuefu", the poem is "Planting wheat in Gaotian will never reap. People in a foreign land are not embarrassed. " The poem is about the feeling of wandering the world.
9,' Gu Geyan'
Today, we are happy with each other and we follow each other. Good wine comes from heaven, and carp comes from Hebo. Pave a mat in front of Qinglong, and a white tiger holds a pot. There are gongs and drums and harps in the south, as well as Beidou blowing sheng. Heng E was a waitress in the Ming Dynasty. The sky in the east is high and the clouds are light, and the west is surging. Drop the curtain and run to the star turntable.
Ge Yanxing was originally the title of Harmony Song Tone in Han Yuefu. This article was published in Magnolia, but Yuefu Poetry Collection was not collected. This is a poem about a fairy banquet, which also reflects the folk belief in immortals in Han Dynasty. In the poem, immortals from all walks of life in the sky took out jade plates to entertain their hosts, all of which were lively scenes of immortals Yu Peiming Luan. This poem is also a rare fresh and refined fairy poem in Han Yuefu, which inherits the tradition of Li Sao and has an important influence on Li Bai's later poetic style.
10, Longxi.
There is nothing in the sky, and the elm tree species are lifelike. Guishu is in the middle of the road, and Qinglong is at the corner of the road. Feng Huangming chirps, a mother will have nine chicks. Caring for people is very unique in the world. Good women go out to welcome guests, and the color is just right. Reach out and kneel again, asking if the guest is well. Invite the guests to the North Hall and sit on the guest carpet. There are different bottles of innocence, wine is pure and thin. Drink with the guests, and the guests talk to the host. But I knelt for a while, and then I had a drink. It's not surprising to talk and laugh. What I care about is China kitchen. Urging for a simple meal, be careful not to delay. Abandoning gifts for guests, houses in Ying Ying are the trend. It's not far to see the guests off, and the door shaft is not enough. With such a woman, Qi Jiang might as well. A healthy woman with a door is better than a husband.
Longxi, that is, the present Gansu area, was once located in Longxi County and Hexi County in the Han Dynasty, which is the throat of the western regions. People in this area are engaged in commerce, agriculture and animal husbandry. There are many inns and pubs here, because many western businessmen pass by. I am a writer. In a restaurant, I saw the scene of the proprietress entertaining guests. The shackles of ethics in Longxi area are not as tight as those in the mainland, and women can also be housekeepers and display their talents. The author of this article praised the proprietress's beauty and generosity, and felt that "it is not as good as Qijiang to marry a wife like this." A healthy woman holding the door is better than her husband. "