Appreciation of Du Fu's A Night Abroad

One night when Du Fu was overseas, the breeze rippled on the grass bank, through the night, and blew to my motionless tall mast. The endless plains are dotted with drooping stars. The moon runs with the river. I hope my art can bring me fame and liberate my sick old age from the office! . Flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world! . Notes on poetry interpretation: ① Danger: towering mast. (2) Stardrop sentence: The distant stars seem to fall to the ground, making Yuan Ye more vast. Moon surge sentence: Silver moonlight reflects the surging Yangtze River. ④ Sha Ou: the name of waterfowl. The breeze gently blows the fine grass on the river bank, and at night, a lonely boat with a towering mast is moored on the river bank. Vilen is vast, with stars hanging on the ground, and the bright moon rolling in the water, just watching the river running. Is my fame because of my article? Old and weak, I think I should stop being an official. Alas, I can't compare with this vagrant. Like a lonely Sha Ou wandering between heaven and earth. ○ Pingsheng ● 仄仄仄仄△ Yunping ▲ The rhyme of this rhyme is: 1 1 you; You can pass the customs "1 1 special". The breeze rippled on the grassy coast, through the night, and blew to my still mast. ●○○○○○△ The stars are down from the empty place, and the moon runs from the upper reaches of the river. ○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○○967 . In 1967, Du Fu left Chengdu Caotang with his family and took a boat to the east, drifting in the Minjiang River and the Yangtze River. This five-character poem was probably written when he was boating in Yuzhou and Zhongzhou. The whole poem reveals the poet's mood of running around. In the first half of the poem, the scene of "walking at night" is written. Express the situation and feelings by writing about the scenery, and embody the feelings in the scenery. In the second half, write "Book Huai". Expressing his original political ambition, I didn't expect to be famous all over the world because of the article, but I was excluded from my official career because of my old illness. It shows the sadness of wandering inside. Every word is tears, lamenting and touching. "The stars are wide open, and the moon is running on the river" is similar to Li Bai's "The mountains are flat and primitive, and the river winds in the wilderness". The first half of Appreciation of Poetry describes the scene of "night tour": the breeze blows the fine grass on the river bank, and the high-mast boat is moored alone on the moonlit night. At that time, Du Fu was forced to leave Chengdu. In October this year, he resigned as our staff officer, and in April, his good friend Yanwu, who lived in Chengdu, passed away. In this remote place, I decided to leave East Sichuan. Therefore, this is not a vague description of the scenery, but a feeling of the scenery. Through the description of the scenery, his situation and feelings are expressed: as small as grass on the river bank and as lonely as a boat in the river. The third and fourth sentences write a vision: the stars are low and Ye Ping is vast; The moon surges with the waves, and the river flows eastward. These two sentences are magnificent, profound and have always been praised. What does the poet feel in these two sentences? Some people think it is "open-minded" (Pu Qilong's Reading Du Xin Jie), while others think it is a feeling of "happiness" (see Tang Poems, Du Fu's Five Laws). Obviously, this poem is about the poet's tragic wandering situation in his later years, and the above two explanations only emphasize the literal meaning of the poem, which is unconvincing. In fact, the poet wrote about the vast Ye Ping, the mighty rivers and the splendid stars and moons just to reflect his lonely image and sad mood. This technique of writing sadness with joy is often used in classical works. For example, "The Book of Songs Xiaoya Cai Wei" and "I have gone far away, and there is another village", how touching it is to set off the sadness of the soldiers who went to war with the beautiful scenery of spring! The second half of the poem is "Shu Huai". The fifth and sixth sentences say that I am a little famous. Where is it because my article is good? An official should retire because he is old and ill. This is irony, and this idea is implicit. The poet is famous for his great political ambition, but he has been suppressed for a long time and cannot display it, so his fame is actually due to his articles, which is really not what he wants. Du Fu was really old and sick at this time, but his retirement was mainly due to being excluded, not being old and sick. This shows the injustice in the poet's mind and reveals that political frustration is the fundamental reason for his wandering loneliness. Regarding the meaning of this couplet, it is probably inappropriate to say that it is "the language of self-blame without blame" ("Du Shi Shuo"), and Qiu said that it is "the five belong to self-modesty, and the six belong to self-interpretation" ("Detailed Notes on Du Shaoling Collection"). The last two sentences say, what does it look like to float all over? It's like Europe in the wide world. Considering the situation at that time, the poet expressed his sadness. The water and sky are vast, and Sha Ou falls; People, like Sha Ou, move in the rivers and lakes. This couplet is lyrical by borrowing scenery, which profoundly shows the wandering sadness in the poet's heart. It is really touching. One of the contrasts in poetry: the contrast between the greatness of nature and the insignificance of poets. In the poet's pen, a "night walk" of fine grass and cool breeze, a leaf drifting with the tide, is extremely insignificant. Du Fu, on the other hand, only turned his attention to the vast Ye Ping and the surging river, and made great efforts to create a magnificent and broad realm: looking up from afar, the water and the sky are connected, the heaven and the earth are connected, the wild stars are hanging down, and the rivers and the moon are flowing. Reminiscent of my own painful experience, in the face of such a broad realm, personal smallness is even more bleak and embarrassing in the face of the vast nature! Isn't he just a "Sha Ou"? Comparison 2: The contrast between grand music scenes and lonely sadness. The antithetical couplet "The stars slant down from the clearing and the moon runs up from the river" is an eternal famous sentence about scenery. On the horizon, the earth is vast, and the stars seem to bow their heads and kiss vilen; Among the great rivers, the river flows eastward, and a full moon is reflected in it, floating with the flow of the river. What a quiet harbor this should be! However, in the eyes of a lonely traveler, the wider the external environment, the more lonely and helpless it is; The more peaceful the situation around me, the more I see my loneliness and sadness. Although the world is big, there is no place to live; The scenery is vast and magnificent, but it can only reflect the poet's lonely and sad mood. In this contrast, the scenery and love meet here, which shows the poet's feelings and makes the human body feel lonely. The third contrast: the contrast between great ideals and cruel reality. Du Fu held the idea of "worrying about Li Yuan in poor years", devoted himself to helping the poor, served the king and made some achievements in politics. However, all his life, he was constantly in war, displaced, repeatedly excluded, and full of ambition to serve the country, but it was difficult to achieve. "I hope my art can bring me fame and free me from the office in my sick old age!" The necklace contains the poet's angry words, saying "whether" is a backchat, and saying "should" is grief and indignation. Fame depends not on political ambition, but on articles; The reason why the poet resigned is self-evident, not because he is old and ill. How can this ridiculous phenomenon and this upside-down reality not make the poet full of grief and indignation? This kind of grief and indignation is more vivid and profound in the contrast between ideal and reality.