1, saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies, cuckoo crowed by the emperor. -Li Shangyin's "Jinse"
Appreciation: Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies, said that Zhuang Zhou dreamed that he had become a butterfly and forgot his true identity. After waking up, he didn't know whether he dreamed of a butterfly or the butterfly dreamed of seeing himself. This is a famous philosophical fable to express the idea that things are impermanent and life is like a dream.
The novel "Wang Chun Xin Tijuan" refers to Du Yu, the legendary last monarch of Shu State. Because of the demise of the country, he became a cuckoo. Every spring, he cries and mourns, pinning his sadness on the cuckoo. This is a tragic historical story, which is used to express worries about the country and the nation, as well as resentment against their own failure.
2, the night rain gang eats scorpions, and the cuckoo is full of blood and tears. -Tang "The Old Lady Picks Jade Songs"
Appreciation: This poem depicts a bleak picture with words such as rainy night, hilltop, gazelle, cuckoo, oral blood, old lady and tears, showing the scene that the old man can only satisfy his hunger with hazelnuts in a dark, cold and hungry environment, listening to the cuckoo crying blood and shedding sad tears.
The poet used the cuckoo's crying blood to set off and contrast the old lady's tears, which not only vividly described the cuckoo's mourning, but also profoundly expressed the old lady's sadness. The cuckoo cries blood is a legend. It is said that the cuckoo was changed from a loyal bird. It cries blood every spring to show its loyalty to love. The poet borrowed this allusion to imply the old lady's attachment to her family and helplessness to her life.
I once heard birds singing in Shu, and I once saw azaleas in Xuancheng. -Li Bai's "Looking at the Rhododendron in Xuancheng"
The first sentence in the poem, "Shu once heard of Zigui bird", describes that the poet once heard of Zigui bird when he was in Shu. Zigui bird, also known as cuckoo bird, is a homesick bird because of its shrill cry, so it is commonly known as heartbroken bird, with Sichuan being the most. According to legend, the Zigui bird was transformed after the death of Du Yu, the ancient Shu king. Du Yu, known as Wang Di, thought he was weak in virtue, so he abdicated and died, and became a cuckoo after his death.
In late spring, it whines, as if calling, "It's better to go home! It is better to go home! " Day and night, I kept crying and my mouth was bleeding.
The second sentence in the poem, "I still see azaleas in Xuancheng", describes that the poet saw azaleas in Xuancheng again. Xuancheng, which now belongs to Anhui, is the place where the poet lived after returning from exile. Rhododendron, that is, Rhododendron, blooms at the end of spring every year, which is the time when cuckoo crows, hence the name. The poet used the word "still seeing" to show that he had seen azaleas accompanied by Zigui birds when he was in Shu.
The poet linked the Zigui bird in Shu with the azaleas in Xuancheng, forming a natural confrontation, and truly reappeared the process of touching homesickness from the comparison and connection of geography and time.