There are some shortcomings in this course, mainly: 1, the distinction between metonymy and metonymy. Teaching? Do you want to cry after jade chopsticks leave? When this sentence, Jade? Students don't understand this word until they explain it. Is this metonymy or metonymy? Metonymy refers to not directly saying things, but borrowing things closely related to them to replace them, or replacing the whole with parts of things. Metonymy is to replace noumenon with vehicle, and neither noumenon nor metaphor appears, and directly say A (noumenon) as B (vehicle). Shall we take another look? Jade? Chopsticks made of jade are metaphorically reminiscent of women's tears, so I think they are more appropriate as metaphors.
2. If you don't dredge the full text, let the students preview, discuss and communicate by themselves, it is inevitable that there will be loopholes. They did not take effective measures to consolidate in class, and they may have to work hard to consolidate after class.
Teaching is a process of finding and solving problems. Problems can bring us surprises and setbacks. In the teaching process, we should follow the students' cognitive rules, proceed from the existing knowledge, carefully ponder the text, and strive to find the most suitable ideas for students.
Xing frontier fortress poetry school is an important poetry school in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Their poems, especially songs, vividly show the vastness of the frontier fortress in the Tang Dynasty, exposing the soldiers' hard battlefield life and all kinds of misfortunes in the barracks. Ge Yanxing by Gao Shi is a model of frontier poems, and its ideological content is unparalleled. It not only wrote about the border war and the scenery of the border court, but also praised the heroism of the soldiers, sympathized with their sufferings from afar, and also wrote about the contradiction between the officers and men of the army. Through discussion, we all understand that the general's blindness, arrogance, extravagance, corruption and incompetence are the fundamental reasons for the failure of the war, and then we are more sympathetic to the misfortune of the husband and wife. The contrast between Tang Jun and the enemy, the warrior and the general, the witness and the thinking woman, and the ancient general and the present general is the main means to highlight the theme and the most important artistic expression of this poem.
1. Paying attention to post-poem comments is one of the important ways to do a good job in poetry appreciation.
There is such a passage in the after-class annotation of the poem:? In the twenty-sixth year of Kaiyuan, a guest returned from the ancient Jinshi and wrote "Ge Yanxing" as a consolation. I feel defensive, so I am harmonious. ? In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Shousheng made meritorious service in fighting against the Khitan, and worshipped the generals of Fuguo and the ancient scholars. Therefore, he is arrogant and doesn't care about his soldiers. In the twenty-sixth year of Kaiyuan, the Ministry was defeated by Qidan, and Zhang concealed the defeat, lied about the meritorious military service and bribed Niu Xiantong, who was ordered to investigate. Gao yisong? Guest? I wrote this poem when I learned the truth. Feeling protected? . Then, the theme of the poem is very clear, exposing the disparity between the bitterness and joy of the officers and men in the army, criticizing the corruption, incompetence and lack of sympathy of the generals, and placing deep sympathy on the soldiers who fought bloody battles. Although the poem describes the border war, the focus is not on ethnic contradictions, but on satirizing and resenting the generals who have no sympathy for the soldiers. At the same time, I also wrote about the hardships of defending the country against the enemy. The theme is still vigorous, generous and tragic. The theme of this poem is to condemn the frontier generals, egged on by the imperial court, for being proud of underestimating their enemies and being dissolute and dereliction of duty, which led to the failure of the war and brought great pain and sacrifice to the soldiers.
2. Take Ge Yanxing by Gao Shi as an example to summarize the appreciation methods of frontier poems.
(1) Grasp the image. The images of typical frontier poems are: border pass, Yumenguan, Qiangdi, Hu people, Huma, Yellow River, Great Wall, bright moon, Yinshan, Montenegro, bonfire, wolf smoke, sword, horse, armor and so on.
(2) Grasp the content. The frontier fortress poems mainly combine the magnificent frontier fortress scenery description, showing the patriotic thought and lofty ambition of frontier fortress soldiers galloping on the battlefield and resisting the enemy and aggression. The style is heroic and majestic, heroic and tragic. The main contents of frontier fortress poems are:
First, the frontier scenery; B, the hard life of border guards;
C, the ambition to kill the enemy and serve the country and make contributions; D, homesickness of border guards. E, war-weariness and resentment.
(3) Grasp the method. The common expressions of frontier fortress poems are the combination of reality and reality, lyricism by borrowing scenery, contrast and so on.
Xing's whole poem hides sharp contrast everywhere. From the description throughout the whole article, the soldiers' loyalty to their duties is in sharp contrast with the Han generals' pampering and greed, the soldiers' hard work and long-term separation from their families, and the Han generals' dereliction of duty and debauchery. Finally, Li Guang is put forward, which is a comparison between ancient and modern times. The whole article? Half of our soldiers at the front were killed, but the other half are still alive, and the beautiful girls are still singing and dancing for them in the camp? ,? What is the most profound sentence? This contrast is very obvious, which greatly strengthens the power of irony.