Bai Juyi wrote to Liu Yuxi "A Drunk Gift to Liu Twenty-Eight Envoys":
Place my cup with wine,
Crack chopsticks with you Pange.
The poem says that the country's hand is only for you,
There is nothing you can do if life weighs on the head.
The scenery is lonely when you raise your eyes,
The official positions in the Manchu Dynasty were wasted.
It is also known that He was ruined by his talent.
Twenty-three years was too much.
The first time we met in Yangzhou Seen and presented to Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty
The desolate land of Bashan and Chushui, abandoned for twenty-three years.
Reciting the poems on the flute in the air with nostalgia, when I go to the countryside to read it, I feel like a bad person.
Thousands of sails are passing by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees are springing in front of the diseased trees.
Today I listen to a song of a king, and for the time being, I can cheer up with a glass of wine.
On the Chushui River in Bashan These desolate places spent twenty-three years in decline.
The desolate land of Bashan and Chushui has been abandoned for twenty-three years.
Reciting the poem Wen Di in vain in memory of my old friend. After returning from exile for a long time, I feel that the scene is no longer the same as in the past.
Nostalgically reciting the poems on the flute in the air, and when I go to the countryside to read it, I feel like a dead person.
Thousands of sails are passing by the sunken ship, but thousands of trees are blooming in front of the diseased trees.
Thousands of sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees spring in front of the diseased trees.
After listening to the poem you recited for me today, I will use this cup of wine to cheer up my spirit for the time being.
Listen to a song of Junge today, and let me have a cup of wine for the time being.
This poem was written by Liu Yuxi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, in the winter of the second year of Jingzong Baoli (826), when he dismissed the governor of Hezhou. Afterwards, he returned to Luoyang, passed through Yangzhou, and met Bai Juyi, who returned to Luoyang after deposing Suzhou as governor.
At that time, Wang Pan, the military envoy of Huainan, held a banquet in Yangzhou to entertain two poets, Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi. Bai Juyi struck chopsticks on the plate at the banquet and recited a poem titled "Drunken Gift to the Twenty-eight Envoy Liu" "Jun", complaining about Liu Yuxi's unfortunate experience of being demoted for a long time. Liu Yuxi recalled the past and was full of emotion. He wrote the poem "Rewarding Lotte at the First Banquet in Yangzhou" to express his gratitude to Bai Juyi.
The first couplet of the poem shows the author's extraordinary lyrical talent. Liu Yuxi was persecuted for his active participation in the political reform movement led by Wang Shuwen of Shunzong Dynasty. He was first demoted to Langzhou, then to Lianzhou, and transferred to Kuizhou and Hezhou without leaving his home. Langzhou was a Chu region during the Warring States Period, and Kuizhou was a Bajun region during the Qin and Han Dynasties. The Chu region was rich in water, while Bajun was mountainous. "Bashan Chushui" generally refers to a degraded region. Liu Yuxi did not directly express his strong injustice of being demoted for a long time because of his innocence. Instead, he used emotionally charged words such as "desolately" and "abandoned" to allow readers to understand and sympathize with the author's painful experience of being exiled for a long time. Feeling the poet's long-suppressed anger has strong artistic appeal.
In the poem's jawline couplet, Liu Yuxi uses two allusions. The first is "Wen Di Fu", which refers to "Si Jiu Fu" by Xiang Xiu in the late Cao Wei Dynasty. Xiang Xiu's good friend was killed by the Sima family. When Xiang Xiu passed by their former residence, he heard his neighbor playing the flute. of remembrance. The other is "Lan Ke". According to "Shu Yi Ji", Wang Zhi of Jin Dynasty went into the mountain to chop firewood and saw two boys playing chess. When he watched the chess game to the end, he found that the "Ke" (the wooden handle of the axe) in his hand had already Decayed. When Wang Zhi went down the mountain and returned to the village, he realized that a hundred years had passed and all his contemporaries were dead. The sentence "Nostalgia" expresses the poet's condolences for the victimized comrades Wang Shuwen and others, and the sentence "Going to Hometown" expresses the poet's lament about the passage of time and the changes in the world. The allusion is appropriate and the emotion is deep.
The neck couplet of the poem closely follows the chin couplet. "Sinking boat" and "sick tree" are metaphors for the poet himself who has been demoted for a long time, while "thousands of sails" and "ten thousand trees" are metaphors for the new rich who have achieved successful career after his demotion. This couplet is Liu Yuxi's angry words lamenting his life experience. Since it objectively contains the natural laws of metabolism, its significance is not limited to the poet's feelings about his life experience. Bai Juyi praised this couplet as "wonderful" because he evaluated it from the perspective of the poetry's ideological and artistic nature, as well as the combination of scenery, emotion and reason.
The last couplet of the poem seems to be written very plainly, talking about what happened at the banquet. In fact, the finishing touch cannot be ignored. The three words "long spirit" have profound meaning and express the poet's unfailing will and perseverance.
Liu Yuxi used a layer-by-layer technique in this poem. The first couplet, the first level of the poem, first writes about his own experience of being demoted for a long time despite being innocent, setting an angry tone for the whole poem. The jaw couplet, the second layer of the poem, further deepens the anger through the mourning of the victimized comrades and the scene when he returned to his hometown and felt like he was a world away. The neck couplet, the third layer of the poem, compares his own decline with the rise of the new rich, and the poet's anger reaches its peak. The last couplet, the fourth level of the poem, takes a sharp turn, indicating that we are not negative and discouraged, but should cheer up, be proactive, re-enter life, and end with self-encouragement. Deep in depth, concise and profound. Angry but not superficial, emotional but not depressed, melancholy but not decadent, it can be called Liu Yuxi's representative work. Liu Yuxi's strong perseverance in facing danger and never turning back in this poem has given great inspiration and encouragement to future generations, so it has been recited and praised by both ancient and modern people.
I spent twenty-three years of decline in such desolate places as Bashan and Chushui.
Reciting the poem Wen Di in vain while remembering my old friend, I felt so uncomfortable after returning from exile for a long time. Old time scene.
Thousands of sails are passing by the sunken ship, but thousands of trees are blooming in front of the diseased trees.
I listened to the poem you recited for me today, so let’s cheer up with this cup of wine