About Du Fu's death, the Book of the New Tang Dynasty records: "During the New Year, I went out of Qutang, went to Jiangling, returned to Yuan Dynasty, and went to Mount Hengshan in Hunan Province, because of my guest Leiyang. The Yueyue Temple, where the flood reached its peak, was not allowed to eat for ten days. The county magistrate greeted it by boat, but it was returned. Let the taste feed the cow with white wine, get drunk, die in the past (night), 59 years old. "
The specific situation described by later generations is that Du Fu left Sichuan, went to Chenzhou to visit relatives along the waterway, and passed through Leiyang Tianyi Fang when he was caught in a flood. Du Fu's boat ran aground on the river, so he couldn't walk. It took 10 days to walk. It's nothing to delay a little time. There's nothing urgent anyway. Most importantly, there is no food. Two meals a day can be tolerated, but how can you stand it if you don't eat for a few days? The situation of Du Fu, who is old and frail, can be imagined.
Fortunately, God never shuts one door but he opens another, and the unfortunate experience of poets and saints was known by Nie County Magistrate of Leiyang County. Local parents immediately launched a love rescue operation, first rescued Du Fu from the flood, and then sent someone to send him delicious roast beef and an altar of white wine. It is estimated that Nie County magistrate knows something about the poet's dietary preferences, so he can appeal to his preferences-drinking and eating meat is indeed a great hobby of the poet's life.
As the saying goes, you are hungry for food, not to mention facing wine and food. Du Fu, who was hungry and crazy, immediately ate and glutted, and his appetite was satisfied for a long time, but the terrible danger came quietly. Sure enough, his digestive system couldn't bear such a sudden burden, so he fell down that night and never got up again. Killed by wine and meat, it was called "Leiyang" in history. Modern medicine believes that overeating meat can easily lead to acute pancreatitis, which can lead to death in severe cases. It is concluded that Du Fu died of severe pancreatitis.
However, the idea of returning to death is not what poet leaders are happy to see after all. The so-called death of Gui, to put it bluntly, is to support his death. Therefore, people will study it from another angle. Guo Moruo, a master historian, put forward food poisoning and said: "Nie County magistrate must have sent a lot of beef, but Du Fu didn't finish it all at once. In summer, it is not well refrigerated and easy to rot. The carrion is poisonous, and the poison born 24 to 28 hours after decay is the most severe, which makes people nervous paralysis, heart deterioration and death. " And after analyzing Du Fu's physical condition at that time, he concluded: "It is not impossible to die of carrion poisoning, but it is entirely possible."
Although Master Guo's theory of poisoning is quite different from the traditional theory of dog death, it does not deny that Du Fu died of drinking and eating meat. Therefore, for a long time, Du Fu's death from wine and delicacies has been the mainstream view of Du Fu's death.
However, there is another opinion in the academic circle that the records of Du Fu's death in the new and old Tang books all follow Zheng Chuhui's Miscellaneous Notes on the History of Ming Dynasty, which is a note novel and the stories it tells are not reliable. People think that Du Fu died of illness, because after in-depth study of Du Fu's poems, it is found that Du Fu suffered from severe diabetes before his death, and it is this "sweet killer" who took Du Fu's life. However, the theory of birth, aging, illness and death is also pure speculation, and there is no conclusive literature basis. It seems that the theory of sudden death should not be denied until there is a scientific conclusion. Although there are loopholes, it is official history after all.
Du Fu (A.D. 7 12- A.D. 770) was born in Xiangyang, Han nationality, and then moved to Gong County, Henan Province. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.
Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Du Fu wrote such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about his life and managed state affairs. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.