original work
Goat Tongguan Nostalgia-[Yuan] Zhang
The peaks are like gathering, the waves are like anger, and the mountains and rivers are like Tongguan Road. It is a pity to look at western capital. Sad Qin and Han dynasties, ten thousand palaces have been made of earth. Xing, the people suffer; Death makes people suffer.
To annotate ...
Alpine goat: inscription name (Qupai).
Gather: gather.
Inside and out: inside and out. Attention, outside. Inside, inside, inside.
Hesitation: Hesitation. This refers to the drastic change of mood.
Modern Translation of Ancient Poetry
The peaks of Huashan Mountain seem to gather from all directions, and the waves of the Yellow River seem to be angry. There is the Yellow River outside Tongguan and Huashan Mountain inside. The mountains and rivers are magnificent and the terrain is dangerous. I looked at the ancient capital Chang 'an and thought a lot. Sadly, after the old palaces in Qin and Han Dynasties, countless palaces have already turned to dust. Generation after generation, no matter which dynasty, the dynasty prospered and the people suffered; The dynasty is dead, and the people are still suffering.
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In the second year (AD 1329), due to the drought in Guanzhong, Zhang was sent to Taichung, Shaanxi for disaster relief. Passing through Tongguan, I saw the scene of "the peaks are like a gathering, and the waves are like anger", so I followed this song. Zhang Chuan of the Yuan Dynasty said: "In the past two years, there was a great drought in Guanzhong, and the hungry people ate each other. In particular, Zhang was invited to visit Shaanxi Taiwan. Heaven, help the hungry and bury the dead. " Zhang wrote this poem "herding sheep on a hillside" during the drought in Guanzhong.
Tongguan is surrounded by mountains. In the author's pen, the word "ju" presents readers with the trend of Huashan Pentium, and the mountains stand tall; Look at the Yellow River outside Tongguan, the river is roaring, and the word "anger" makes readers seem to hear endless running water. Tongguan is one of them, "Tongguan Road in the mountains and rivers." At this time, Tongguan is surrounded by mountains and waters, adjacent to the roaring Yellow River. The mountains and rivers are magnificent and the terrain is dangerous, which shows that the road is dangerous. Such a dangerous place is a battleground for military strategists in past dynasties, which also triggered the following feelings.
Thinking of ancient times, the poet can't help looking west. Three hundred miles west of Tongguan is Xijing Chang 'an. From Qin and Han Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties, several dynasties established their capitals in that area. In the sunset, the poet saw nothing, but in his mind, he saw the majestic ancient capital and clusters of magnificent palaces. Now, all traces have disappeared, leaving only loess. Looking west at Chang' an, the poet was filled with emotion, so he looked up at the sky and sighed: "Xing, the people are suffering; Death, the people suffer! " Hit the nail on the head, revealing the bloodiness of the feudal monarchy destroying the people for thousands of years, telling people that in history, no matter the rise and fall of dynasties, it was the people who suffered, thus pointing out the fundamental opposition between the feudal regime and the broad masses of the people. This is a powerful criticism and objective evaluation of thousands of years of feudal history.