Poetry is put forward in Shangshu to express ambition.
The meaning of "expressing ambition through poetry" is not exactly the same. For example, the so-called "expressing ambition with poetry" in Zuo Zhuan means "expressing ambition with poetry", which means borrowing or extending some chapters in the Book of Songs to imply one's own political and religious embrace. The "poetry expresses ambition" in Yao Dian means that "poetry expresses the poet's ambition", and the meaning of this "ambition" focuses on thoughts, ambitions and aspirations.
After the mid-Warring States period, the meaning of "ambition" has gradually expanded due to the emphasis on the lyrical characteristics of poetry and the development of a hundred schools of thought. The "ambition" in Confucius' era mainly refers to political aspirations, which can be seen from Confucius' view of his disciples' ambitions in The Analects of Confucius. And Zhuangzi's "ambition" of "poetry based on Tao" refers to people's thoughts, wishes and feelings in a general sense.
In Li Sao, it is said that "the ambition is restrained by bending one's heart" and "the ambition is restrained by observing the festival". Although the content of this ambition is still mainly based on Qu Yuan's political ideal and ambition, it obviously includes the anger caused by the failure to realize his political ideal and ambition and the hatred for the villain.
As for what he said in "Huai Sha", "It's effective to soothe the feelings, but it's frustrating to suppress the grievances", and "What's more to be afraid of?" . The "ambition" here actually refers to his whole inner thoughts, wishes and feelings. Therefore, we can see that the content of "poetry expressing ambition" in pre-Qin period has developed and changed.
by the Han dynasty, people's understanding of the essential characteristics of "poetry expresses aspiration", that is, "poetry expresses people's thoughts and feelings and presents people's spiritual world" basically tends to be clear. "Preface to Mao's Poems" says: "Poets, where their aspirations lie, have aspirations in their hearts, make speeches as poems, and their emotions move in the middle, so they are in words." Emotions are mentioned together and linked, which is more pertinent and objective.
? Introduction to Shangshu:
Shangshu, also known as Shu and Shu Jing, is the first compilation of ancient historical documents and some works tracing ancient deeds in China. Shangshu is divided into Yu Shu, Xia Shu, Shang Shu and Zhou Shu. During the Warring States period, it was called Shu, and in the Han Dynasty it was renamed Shangshu, that is, the book of ancient times. Because it is one of the five Confucian classics, it is also called the Book of Books. In the existing version, the authenticity is mixed.
There are three ways to interpret Shangshu: one way is that Shangshu means "ancient times", and Shangshu means "ancient books"; Another view is that "Shang" means "respect" and "Shangshu" is "a book respected by people"; There is also a saying that "Shang" means "Jun Shang", because most of the contents of this book are records of "Jun Shang" remarks by officials, so it is called Shangshu.