[Notes]
1. Dinghuiyuan: in the southeast of Huanggang County, Hubei.
2. Leak: An ancient device for holding water and leaking time. The leakage broke and the clepsydra ran out of water, indicating that it was already late at night.
3. Youren: A person who lives in seclusion, Su Shi calls himself.
4. Piaomiao: that is, misty, trapped in an appointment, and remembering the distance. Province: I understand.
[Analysis]
This poem was written when the author was living in Dinghuiyuan of Zhouzhou. It was written when the author had just been freed from the Wutai poetry case and came to Huangzhou alone. The first two sentences describe the late night, using the words "que", "sparse" and "broken" to express the lonely and desolate state of mind. Then the two sentences "Who see you" say that only Biren comes and go alone. "Youren" refers to the author himself, who is the main character; "Guhong" is the foil to "Youren", which is the guest. The next film combines the two, and "Gu Hong" is the author himself. There is a saying that Su Shi was demoted to Huizhou. There was a sixteen-year-old Wen girl in Huizhou who was very attractive. When she met Su Shi, she fell in love with her. She often lingered outside Su Shi's window and listened to Su Shi's singing. Soon Su Shi was demoted to Dan'er (today's Dan County in Hainan) and crossed the sea to the south. Three years later, Su Shi met Hao and returned to Huhui Prefecture. His daughter died and was buried in Shazhou. Su Shi was very sad, so he wrote this poem, which was later turned into a love story. However, most people in recent times think that these words are echoed by those who do good deeds and are not worthy of belief. It expresses the feelings of being frustrated and lonely in politics. In the first film, You Ren is used to introduce Gu Hong, while in the second film, Gu Hong is compared to You Ren. After recovering from the shock, the image of Gu Ying feeling pity for himself and refusing to live on the branch of the stronghold is exactly the poet's self-portrait. Who can see lonely people coming and going alone, misty and solitary shadows. People are like Hong, Hong are like people, they are neither Hong nor human, but Hong is also human. This is the characteristic of the artistic image of this word. But when Tuohong meets people, he has a high self-esteem, profound meaning, and a unique and cold style, as if he is not eating fireworks and eating human speech. The last two sentences describe the character of being lonely and cold rather than climbing high and becoming noble. This poem praises things but does not stop at things. The subject and the object are integrated, with deep sustenance and lofty character.
2. Baidu Encyclopedia: Bu Suanzi·Huangzhou Dinghui Yuan Residence Works
Bu Suanzi·Huangzhou Dinghui Yuan Residence Works ①
The moon is missing and the sparse paulownia trees are hanging, and the people are missing. Chu Jing ②. Sometimes I see lonely people coming and going alone, and misty and lonely shadows. Startled but turned back
There is no one to forgive if there is hatred④. Picking out all the cold branches and refusing to live on them, the lonely sandbank is cold⑤.
About the author:
Su Shi (1037-1101), courtesy name Zizhan, also known as Dongpo Jushi, was a native of Meishan in the Northern Song Dynasty. He is a famous writer and one of the eight great writers of prose in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry, and prose. His calligraphy, together with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fu, is known as the "Four Calligraphers of the Song Dynasty"; he is good at painting bamboo, wood and strange rocks, and he is also outstanding in painting theory and calligraphy theory. He is the literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty. His prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu; his poetry is as famous as Huang Tingjian; his poetry is majestic and bold in style. Instead of the elegance of his poetry, he is called "Su Xin" together with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, and he is the most bold and bold. Send a lyricist.
Jiayou became a Jinshi in Erwu (1057), and served as the chief registrar of Fuchang County, a judge of Dali affairs, a signing judge of Fengxiang Mansion, and was called to the History Museum. When Emperor Shenzong learned about Huzhou in the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), he slandered and slandered the Yushitai Prison. In the third year, he was demoted to Huangzhou Tuan Lian Envoy, built a house in Dongpo, and called himself Dongpo Jushi. Later it was moved to various states. In the first year of Yuanyou (1086), Zhe Zong returned to the court and became a scholar of Zhongshu and a bachelor of Hanlin. Know how to make imperial edicts. In the ninth year, he was impeached and ridiculed by the previous dynasty, and was demoted to Huizhou and Danzhou. In the third year of Yuanfu (1100), he was called back to the north and died in Changzhou. He is the author of "The Complete Works of Dongpo" in 15 volumes, which is still in existence today.
〖Explanation of Ci Pai〗
〔Question Test〕 Ci Rhythm quoted Mao Shi as saying: "Luo Yiwu's poems use several names, and people call them divination operators, so the Pai Pai is named after it." It says: "According to the poem "Gu Guan", it's like holding someone's hand to sell fortune-telling. This means that people who sell fortune-telling today are based on the meaning." And because Qin Guan's poem contains the sentence: "As far as the eye can see, there is a hundred-foot building in the smoke", so the map was deleted [ It was named [Bai Chi Lou] after Bu Suan Zi; however, the name [Bu Suan Zi] was known earlier.
[Method] There are forty-four characters in this tune, two lines before and after, all four sentences with two rhymes; throughout the whole style, the first character of each sentence is smooth and informal. The syntax of the first and second sentences is both upper and lower three, with a lining character added in the middle. The third sentence is the same as the third sentence of [Breaking Chains]. The last sentence has five characters, 廄廄平平廄, which is the same as the last sentence of the previous poem [Rain Ling Ling]. The second half of the palace is deduced in this way.
The water is the horizontal wave of the eye,
⊙●●○○ (sentence)
The mountain is the gathering of eyebrows and peaks.
⊙●○○▲ (oblique rhyme)
I want to ask pedestrians where to go,
⊙●○○●●○ (sentence)
The brows and eyes are full of beauty.
⊙●○○▲ (Xiezi rhyme)
This is the way to send the spring home,
⊙●●○○ (sentence)
< p>Send you back again.⊙●○○▲ (Xiezi rhyme)
If you go to Jiangnan to catch the spring,
⊙●○○●●○ (sentence)
Wan Qian lives with spring.
⊙●○○▲ (Xiehe rhyme)
[Note] ① Su Shi was demoted to the deputy envoy of the regiment training in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) because of the Wutai poem case. Arriving in February of the third year of Feng (1080), he first lived in Dinghuiyuan and moved to Gaoting in May. This word should be used during this period. Dinghui Courtyard: The first name is "Dinghui Courtyard", located in the southeast of Huanggang. ②Leak off: refers to late night. In ancient times, time was calculated using a pot hourglass. ③Youren: It means both a person who lives in seclusion and a person who is imprisoned in seclusion. This should be Su Shi's own reference. ④Province: awareness and understanding.
⑤ Song Dynasty Huang Tingjian's review of "Postscript to Dongpo Yuefu" goes like this: "The language is sublime, as if it is not eating fireworks and cannibalizing people's language, but there are thousands of books in the chest, and there is no dust or tackiness in the writing, who can reach this?" The words express the author's loneliness and aloofness. Feeling. It may be thought that the work is hidden in the time of stabbing. For example, "Selected Poems" of Zhang Hui Dialect in the Qing Dynasty records: "Linyang layman said: When the moon is missing, the stabbing is dimly lit. When the moon is missing, it is dark. A lonely person has no ambition. He comes and goes alone. , Helpless. A wise man is uneasy when he looks back. He doesn't care about you because he doesn't care about you. He picks up all the cold branches and refuses to live in a high position. , it is not safe." According to the Changzhou Ci School in the Qing Dynasty, this is the forerunner of the reading method of "the author is not certain, so why should the reader be different" (Tan Xian's "Futang Ci Hua"). The experience and play have exceeded the original intention of the original work.
〖Appreciation〗
This poem was written by Dongpo in Huangzhou. Start two sentences and write about the state of quiet night. The two sentences "who see" echo each other, saying that no one can see the lonely person coming and going alone at this time, only the solitary person is misty, just like a person wandering around at night, this statement means that the person can be seen in the distance. In the next film, people see Hong, and when they say Hong, they talk about people. The language is pun, which is extremely clever. The valley said that "it seems like a non-contractual marriage, fire cannibalism", Liang Ran.
The first two sentences of the poem create a lonely atmosphere in the dead of night and the moon hanging on the trees, paving the way for the appearance of Youren and Guhong. These two sentences are extraordinary, exaggerating a state of being born aloof. The next two sentences first point out the image of a "ghost" who lives alone and has a lot of worries, and then moves from "ghost" to lonesome in a light and flying way, making the two images correspond and fit together. , makes people think of: Isn’t the aloof state of mind of "Youren" just like the shadow of Gu Hong, who is as ethereal as a fairy? These two sentences are not only actual writing, but also through the correspondence and grafting of the images of humans and birds. They are highly symbolic and poetic and strengthen the otherworldliness of "Youren".
Xia Que is dedicated to the misfortune of Gu Hong, who harbors resentment and fear. He picked up all the cold branches and refused to rest on it, so he had to settle on a lonely and desolate sandbank. Here, the poet uses symbolic techniques to ingeniously express Hong's loneliness and mist, turning around in shock, harboring resentment, and choosing a place to stay, expressing the author's lonely situation when he was relegated to Huangzhou and his noble self-profession and unwillingness to follow the crowd. state of mind. The author and Gu Hong cherish each other. He uses anthropomorphic techniques to express Gu Hong's psychological activities and objectifies his own subjective feelings, which shows superb artistic skills.