Original text:
The green trees are dense and the summer is long, and the balcony is reflected in the pond. The crystal curtain moves and the breeze rises, filling the courtyard with roses and incense.
Author: Gao Pian Tang
Author's biography:
Gao Pian (?～887), a general in the late Tang Dynasty, with the courtesy name Qianli, was the grandson of Chongwen, Prince of Nanping County , family background as a guard. When he was a young man, he repaired orders and broke the knot for literature. At first, Zhu Shuming was appointed as Sima, and later he served as Yuhou, the military capital of You Shence, and governor of Qinzhou. In the middle of Xiantong, he paid homage to Annan, the Protector-General, and went to inspect the Ministry of Punishment. He used the Protector-General's Mansion as a static navy, taught the parallel festival, and also recruited envoys from various Taoist camps. Xi Zongli, plus Tong Zhongshu Menxia Ping Zhangshi, moved to Jiannan Xichuan Jiedu, inspected the school as a student, granted the title of Yan Guogong, moved to Jingnan Jiedu, added various envoys such as Daoxing Yingdutong, Salt and Iron Transport, etc., moved to Russia Deputy Ambassador of Huainan Jiedu. At the beginning of the Guangming Dynasty, envoys such as the Taiwei of the Imperial Academy, the Dutong of the East, and the Shence Army in the West and North of Beijing were granted the title of King of Bohai County, but were killed by their general Bi Shiduo. A volume of poetry.
Genre: Seven character quatrains
Rhyme:
○Ping tone ● Oblique tone ⊙ Can be flat or oblique △Ping rhyme ▲ Oblique rhyme
The rhyme of this work is: Qiyang; it can be rhymed with "Three Rivers and Qiyang".
The green trees are dense and the summer is long, and the balcony is reflected in the pond.
●●○○●●△, ○○●●●○△
The crystal curtain moved and the breeze rose, and the roses filled the courtyard with incense.
●○○●○○●,●●○○●●△
Notes:
1. The original title is "Xia", according to "The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" "change.
2. Shuijing curtain: describes a curtain with fine texture and clear color. Li Bai's "Jade Steps of Resentment": "But under the crystal curtain, I look at the autumn moon."
3. Rose: the name of the flower. It blooms in summer, with red, white, yellow and other colors, beautiful and fragrant.
Appreciation:
This is a seven-character quatrain describing summer scenery.
The first sentence seems to be average, but if you think about the word "yin dense" carefully, it is not only the lushness of the tree, but also implies that this is around noon in summer, the sun is scorching, the sun is scorching, "the shade of the tree" ” can be “rich”. In addition to the dense shade of trees, this "dense" also has the meaning of "deep" in terms of depth, that is, the shade of trees is dense and deep. "A Dream of Red Mansions" describes the scene of the Grand View Garden at noon in summer, saying that "the sun is blazing in the sky and the trees are shaded on the ground." This is what it means. Summer time around noon best gives people the feeling of "long summer". Yang Wanli's "Idle House in Early Summer and Rising from a Noon Nap" said that "when the day is long, there is no emotion in my sleep", which is what he wrote with this kind of sentiment. Therefore, "long summer" is implicitly connected with "shady green trees" and is by no means a general statement.
The second sentence "The reflection of the balcony into the pond" describes that the poet saw the reflection of the balcony in the pond. The word "enter" is used very well: at noon in summer, the sky is clear and the sun is shining, there is silence, the water in the pond is crystal clear, and the reflection of the tower in the pond is very clear. The word "enter" just describes the true scene of the reflection on the balcony at this time.
The third sentence, "The water curtain moves and the breeze rises" is the most subtle and subtle sentence in the poem. This sentence can be divided into two meanings. First, the pool water under the scorching sun is crystal clear; when the breeze blows, the water is shimmering and the blue waves are sparkling. The poet uses "water essence curtain moving" to describe this scene, which is wonderful and realistic - the entire water surface is like a curtain made of crystal, which is blown by the wind and sways under the rippling water waves. The reflection on the balcony is so beautiful! Secondly, the poet admiring the scenery first sees the fluctuation of the pool water, and then feels the wind. The breeze in summer will not be felt all at once. You will feel it only when you see the water waves, so it is said that "the water curtain moves and the breeze rises". If you write "the breeze rises" first and then "the water curtain moves", it will be useless.
Just as the poet was intoxicated with the beautiful scenery of summer, a burst of floral fragrance suddenly came. The fragrance was refreshing, and the poet's spirit was lifted. The last line of the poem, "The shelves are full of roses and the fragrance of the courtyard" adds bright colors to the quiet scenery, full of intoxicating fragrance, making the whole poem permeated with the unique vitality of summer. "One yard is fragrant" coincides with the previous sentence "the breeze rises".
Poems describe summer scenery with a technique similar to that of painting: the dense green trees, the reflection of the balcony, the ripples of the pond, and the shelves full of roses form a picture with bright colors and a gentle mood. All this is described by the poet standing on the mountain pavilion. Although the mountain pavilion and the poet do not appear in the poem, when we appreciate this poem, we seem to see the mountain pavilion and the leisurely poet.