Anoplophora longicorn is an herbivorous insect, which will harm woody plants. Most of them are pine, cypress, willow, elm, walnut, orange, apple, peach and tea, some are cotton, wheat, corn, sorghum, sugarcane and hemp, and a few are wood, buildings, houses and furniture. It is the main pest of forestry production, crop cultivation and building wood.
Living habits Monochamus alternatus generally overwinters in the trunk as larvae or adults. Anoplophora longicorn mainly feeds on larvae, which has the longest life span and the most serious damage to the trunk. When the eggs hatch into larvae, the early larvae eat the trunk, first under the bark, and then get into the xylem when they get older. Some species only live under the bark and don't eat into the xylem. Larvae move in trunk, and the shape and length of feeding tunnel vary from species to species. Larvae feed on tree trunks or branches, and after a certain distance, they open to the bark as pores to push out excrement and sawdust. When the larvae mature, build a large pupa room, with both ends blocked with fibers and sawdust, where they pupate. The pupal stage is about 10 ~ 20 days.
Anoplophora longicorn larvae eat trunks and branches, which affects the growth and development of trees, weakens them, leads to the invasion of germs and is easily broken by the wind. When the damage is serious, the whole plant dies, the wood decays and the process value is lost. Longicorn beetles are mainly pests of woody plants, and feed on trunk, branches and roots in larval stage. Some harmful herbs, larvae live in stems or roots, such as Anoplophora Daphne, Anoplophora guatemala and so on. Individual species, such as cotton beetles, are harmful to cotton beetles. There are a few species, the larvae do not live in plant tissues, but feed on the roots in the soil, such as big-toothed sawnail, grass nail and so on.
The life cycle of the reproduction and growth of longicorn beetles varies from species to species, with one year completion 1 or two generations, two years, three years or even four or five years completion 1 generation. The life history of the same species in different regions sometimes varies greatly. For example, it takes three years to complete the Jiangsu generation and two generations in Guangdong. It is difficult to observe the life history of larvae because of their hidden life. Moreover, the age, health, humidity and other conditions of host plants have great influence on the growth and development of larvae. Bad conditions often lead to diapause of larvae, which greatly prolongs the life generation. Anoplophora longicorn generally overwinters as larvae, or overwinters as adults in pupa rooms, that is, adults emerge in autumn and winter of the previous year and stay in pupa rooms until spring and summer of the next year. The life span of adults is generally short, ranging from ten days to one or two months, but adults who overwinter in pupa rooms may reach seven or eight months. Men's life expectancy is generally shorter than that of women. The activity time of adults also varies from species to species, some of them are active in the sun during the day, and the most active one is Anoplophora alternata; Others are active at night or on cloudy days, or they can be active all night.
The newly hatched larvae usually eat under the skin first, and then go deep into the wood after a long or short period of time. Some species only rot under the skin. Some species are not deep and only harm sapwood. Many species invade the trunk or thick branches, some in the roots and some in the branches. Larvae will drill all kinds of tunnels when they eat, up or down, left or right, curved or straight, which varies from species to species, but there are also many kinds of tunnels that are very irregular. Tunnels are often filled with insect droppings and fiber sawdust. Sometimes insect dung and sawdust are discharged from the wormhole, and sometimes tree juice flows from the victim's body. Mature larvae often build a wide tunnel as a pupa chamber, and both ends are closed with fiber sawdust to pupate in it.
Control method 1, strengthening management is the key: because longicorn likes to lay eggs in cracks and rough parts of bark, it is necessary to strengthen trunk management and keep it clean. It is also necessary to scrape off rough skin, upturned tissues and other tissues to prevent bark cracking.
2, sweet and sour solution trap: adults have a sweet and sour tendency, and can be prepared with sugar, vinegar, liquor and water in a ratio of 5: 20: 2: 80. First, dissolve sugar in water and heat it to boiling. After the sugar solution is cooled, add vinegar and wine and stir well. At the emergence stage of adults in early June, the prepared sweet and sour solution is poured into a container, which can be poured 1/3, hung in the shade between rows, and the height from the ground is 1.5 meters, and the solution is added every 3-5 days.
3. Albinism of trunk: longicorn beetles are afraid of white, so they can whiten the trunk and main branches before the adults occur, so that adults do not lay eggs on the trunk and main branches.
4. Prevention and control by applying pesticide mud: Dilute it with 5 times of dichlorvos or chlorpyrifos in water, mix it into mud, then apply the pesticide mud on the surface of the trunk harmful to insects, and then wrap it with a film. After 15 days, most larvae will die.
5. Killing larvae: In July and August, when larvae eat under the bark, they will discharge insect droppings. Once insect dung is found, they will cut the bark with a sharp knife to kill the larvae. For the larvae that have eaten into the trunk, we can first dig out the dung residue with tweezers or steel wire, and then gradually insert the steel wire with crochet needle (preferably bicycle brake wire) into the moth hole and twitch repeatedly, so that the larvae are stabbed to death or hooked out. It's best to have two times to catch it, one is before 6 o'clock in the morning, and the other is that the sun comes out after the heavy rain. Adults have suspended animation, shaking branches will fall to the ground and suspended animation, which is easy to catch.
6. Spray drying control: from late July to early August, it is the peak period of adult occurrence and larval incubation, and the whole tree can be sprayed or spray dried with 800 times or 2000 times of effort.
7. wormhole application: for wormholes that discharge fresh insect dung, clean the dung discharge holes on the trunk. Larvae can be fumigated to death by injecting disposable medical syringes into the wormhole, blocking the wormhole with poisonous cotton balls soaked with 500 times dichlorvos, or injecting insect repellent into the wormhole, and then sealing the wormhole with soil.
8. Disposal of dead trees, pests and branches: The whole branch that caused the death of longicorn beetles should be burned immediately, and it should not be used as the top branch or trunk to reduce the source of insects.
Pay attention to the critical period:
1, killing adults during mating.
2. Spray pesticides (especially old trees and upturned skins) on the trunk after spawning.
3. In summer, it is easiest to find new defecation holes after heavy rain.