Su Shi
When did the moon begin to appear? I take my glass from a distance. I wonder what year it is today. I want to ride home in the wind, but I'm afraid it's too cold. Dancing and watching shadows is like being on the earth. The moon turned into a scarlet pavilion, hanging low on the carved window, shining on the sleepy self. There should be no hate. Why leave? People are sad and happy, and they are separated and reunited. The moon will darken or shine, and it will become round or round. Nothing is perfect, even in the past. I hope people live a long life.
[Poetry translation, poetry]
On the Mid-Autumn Festival in Chen Bing, I happily drank (straight) until (the next day) morning, got drunk, wrote this song (word), and also missed (my brother) Ziyou.
When will the bright moon appear? I asked the sky with a cup. The fairy palace in the sky doesn't know what age it is. It is said that there are only a few days in the celestial world and thousands of years underground, so I ask questions. I want to ride the wind to the sky (it seems that I came down from the sky to the earth, so I said "go home", but I am afraid that the beautiful moon palace made of jade can't stand the cold in the sky (it is said that the palace in the middle of the month is called Guanghan Palace). In imagination, dancing to the moon and clearing the shadows with people are like riding a cloud against the wind, and being in the sky is not like being on earth!
The moon is turning and shining on the magnificent pavilions. At night, the moonlight shines on people who are too preoccupied to sleep through low carved doors and windows. Since the moon is full, there should be no hatred, but why do people often reunite after they leave? People's experiences have joys and sorrows; As for the moon, it will also encounter yin, eyes, circle and lack; This situation, since ancient times, is rarely perfect. I just hope we all live a long and healthy life. Although we are thousands of miles apart, we can enjoy the beautiful moonlight together.
[Appreciation]
This poem is a masterpiece created by Su Shi in his heyday. The whole poem is hearty and catchy, and it is a rare masterpiece in poetry about the moon.
In the ninth year of Xining (1076), Su Shi has known Mizhou for two years. At that time, Su Zhe was the secretary of the shogunate in qi zhou (now Jinan), and my brother had not seen him for six or seven years. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, Su Shi and his guests boarded the transcendental platform for drinking and enjoying the moon (see Su Shi's Poems, Volume 14, Preface to Two Poems Written by Zhou Han at He Lukong Gate), and they drank all night, which was very lively. Looking at the moon and thinking about his loved ones, he wrote lyrics and sang songs, vividly showing this "broken fairy" escapism and profound and broad life thinking.
The first part of the poem is "drunk, drunk", and the second part is about the melancholy of missing family during festivals. The whole poem is full of strange imagination and elegant romance. It is fascinating and refreshing. The artistic conception of ci is obviously influenced by Li Bai's poems, but there are new discoveries. The phrase "When will there be a bright moon?" It originated from Li Bai's "When will the bright moon come to the sky?" At the same time, he secretly used the poem "Bright as Dan, flying mirror, smoke-free". The moonlight is bright and compelling, and the wine is mellow and intoxicating. Dongpo can't help but imagine. "I don't know the palace in the sky. What year is this evening? " "I will meet this lover tonight" is the meaning in the title of the Book of Songs. Praise and appreciation are beyond words, and the poet's charm and chic are also in this title. Moreover, the poet, who pretends to be a fairy, intends to "go home by the wind", and his poetic realm is more ethereal than Li Bai's "drinking for the moon". "I am afraid of Qionglou Yuyu, and the heights are too cold." Instead, I want to go and stop, and my words are full of affection. "Dancing for shadows is like being on the earth?" "I sing the poem. The moon encourages me and I dance. In Li Bai's Drinking the Bright Moon Alone, My Shadow Rolling Behind borrows the free and easy images and clear artistic conception in Li Bai's poems, abandons the lonely and confused mood in the original poems, and expresses Su Shi's spiritual outlook of being on cloud nine and loving life in a down-to-earth manner. Qiong Lou Yu Yu, riding the wind and the moon, the moon is cold, are well-known myths and legends. On the night of the autumn moon, the poet expresses the feelings of "happiness" and "drunkenness" with ease, writing not only "happiness" but also "drunkenness".
In the next film, I miss my family, but I still buckle the "month" and my mood turns slightly lower. "Turn to Zhuge, low-lying households, sleepless." Moonlight flows, and people can't sleep. Su Shi and Su Zhe are brother and sister. When Su Shi was sentenced to full office in Hangzhou, he "invited the east of the county and really wanted to get close to Kundi" (Volume 25 of Mizhou Jiebiao Dongpo Collection). But when they came to Michigan, the brothers were still far apart and it was difficult to meet each other. I miss my relatives every festive season, and I can't help it tonight. The person who can't sleep is perilla, who has been drinking wine with the guests for a long time, but it also refers to the "sleepless" people in the world who miss the moonlight tonight. From myself to others, there will be many wandering wanderers tossing and turning in the moonlight, worried, trouble sleeping! When the moon is round and people are not, Perilla can't help complaining: "There should be no hate. Why do you want to be round when you leave? " The moon shouldn't have any resentment against the world, should it? However, why do people always get together when they leave? Looks like a deliberate embarrassment. This question is tactfully sincere, has a unique experience and shows deep concern for people. The three sentences of "people have joys and sorrows" are reversed, and the feelings of words are ups and downs. Poets think rationally and solve themselves with their unique broadmindedness. Since everything between heaven and earth can't be perfect, it is logical to end the whole word with the good wishes of "I wish people a long time and a thousand miles." As long as "people are long-lasting", although thousands of miles apart, they can always be soul mates and enjoy the full moon together; As long as "people are long-lasting", although we don't get together today, there will always be a day of reunion. At this time, the mood is broadened, and the brilliance of the full moon seems more clear and lovely.
The word is imaginative and romantic, with vigorous strokes and vivid images. "Wash away the beautiful and fragrant state and get rid of the degree of preparing for a rainy day;" Make people climb high and look far, and sing a song "(Hu Yin's Preface to Wine). Its clear and broad-minded style is quite different from the graceful and restrained style of Huajian and Jinlian. It is refreshing to read Dongpo's bold and unconstrained ci style. But what is more enlightening and meaningful is Su Shi's wise thinking on life and physics. The universe, nature and life all have countless shortcomings. Flowers are beautiful and grass is green, but sometimes this beauty is not eternal; Affection is mutual affinity, dependence and love, and emotions are separated; Time is infinite and life is short; With talent and ambition, it is difficult to rely on luck ... The world is so wonderful and so regrettable, so there are so many poems that cherish spring and mourn autumn and lament old age. Throughout the ages, how many people with lofty ideals and philosophers are aggrieved by this kind of life defect; How many poets and poets are puzzled and depressed by this kind of life defect. Time has passed, and now it's Dongpo's turn. He "strives for the present", but he doesn't agree with Wang Anshi's political views, so he has to find a job outside, and he hates it when his ambition is hard to pay. In the Mid-Autumn Festival, brothers are in Qilu, but they don't meet face to face, which is the pain that relatives can't reunite. At the age of 20, I was not confused. When I entered autumn, I gradually realized the shortness and urgency of life. It's the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the frost is getting tighter and tighter, and everything is miserable. How deeply should sensible Dongpo feel about the shortcomings of life and physics at this moment! So there are so many ups and downs of emotions and thoughts in his writing. But he will never fall into depression. Standing on a higher floor, he opened his eyes and solved his depression with ancient and modern things. "People have joys and sorrows, and the moon has ups and downs. This matter is old and difficult. "Although people have the pain of separation, the month is not always reunion. Everything is beautiful and lacking, always in an irresistible cycle. In that case, why bother about the full moon and the separation of people? Then "I hope people will live for a long time, and thousands of miles are beautiful" goes beyond the limitations of time, space and region. " Thousands of miles away, there is a * * * bright moon "(Xie Zhuang's Yuefu). * * * Watching the moon means that both sides are alive and miss each other, which is enough to make people feel lucky and relieved.
Su Shi's self-satisfaction and self-liberation reflect his thinking on life philosophy. Su Shi's thought is profound and complex, based on Confucianism, but he does not exclude Buddha and Lao, and he is good at combining some metaphysical words of Buddha and Lao with Confucianism to deal with the problems of doing, hiding, source, advancing and retreating. When dealing with setbacks in life and career, China literati generally follow two paths: either give up their ideals and stay aloof from the world; Or stick to your ideals and know that you can't do it, even if you hit your head or even die. Su Shi embarked on the third road with his unique world outlook and outlook on life. He didn't give up his ideal, went with the flow, and didn't take an extremely fierce struggle, but let nature take its course and strive to be detached. When his career was frustrated, he used the excuse of "giving up" to hide his luggage on me, so why not take a look at it at leisure? Long and healthy, but worried about swimming and dying, fighting for the former "("Qinyuanchun went to Michigan for an early swim and immediately sent the child "). Heaven and earth are boundless, and life is short. He is proud of enjoying the cool breeze and bright moon, and takes pleasure in the process of sending affection to mountains and rivers and melting things into me. After the separation of his relatives, he offered his blessing with the words "I wish others a long time, thousands of miles away * * *" ... As an ancient man nearly a thousand years ago, Su Shi's attitude towards life was not without shortcomings, but he was frank, flexible and happy-go-lucky, effectively maintaining inner peace and being optimistic and cheerful all his life, reaching the realm of life that many people yearned for but could not stop. This is Su Shi, and this is the unique artistic charm of Shuidiao.