Spring in Song Zhuxi
original text
Beautiful spring outing in Surabaya, the endless scenery is new. Everyone can see the face of spring, the spring breeze blows flowers open, thousands of purple, and the scene of spring is everywhere.
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The two poems mean that you can easily know the face of the east wind, and this colorful scene is made up of spring.
This is a spring outing poem, full of philosophy. Some people think that poets compare "benevolence" with spring. We feel the existence of spring when we see various colors, just as we feel the existence of benevolence when we see the business of all things.
Zhu [1 130 (year), September 200015-65438+April 23], an ancient philosopher in China, was named Huian, later called Huiweng. Han nationality, whose ancestral home is Wuyuan County (now Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province), was born in Youxi, Nanjian Prefecture (now Youxi County, Fujian Province) in Huizhou Prefecture, Jiangnan East Road, Southern Song Dynasty. A famous philosopher, thinker, philosopher, educator, poet, representative of Fujian School and master of Confucianism in the Southern Song Dynasty, the world honored him as Zhu Zi. Wuyishan is included in the dual heritage of world culture and nature from Zhuzi. It is the only person who likes to worship Confucius Temple and one of the twelve philosophers in Dacheng Hall. Zhu is a student, a disciple of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, and served as the governor of Nankang, Jiangxi, Zhangzhou, Fujian and eastern Zhejiang. He is an honest official and promotes the construction of academies. This official worships Huan's attendance system and gives lectures to the emperor. His works are numerous, including The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius, which have been circulated in Gong Xue for 800 years since the Song Dynasty. He has been studying all his life: the causes and causes of poverty.
Appreciation of spring day
On the surface, this poem looks like a landscape poem, depicting the beauty of spring; In fact, it is a philosophical poem, expressing the poet's good wish to pursue the way of being a saint in troubled times. The whole poem is full of reason and imagery, with interesting ideas.
The first sentence is "winning the sky and seeking the fragrance of Surabaya": "winning the sky" points to tomorrow; "Surabaya" indicates the location; "Looking for Incense", point out the theme. A sentence is described in three layers, especially with the "Surabaya" node, which is deliberately arranged by the author. The word "Xun" not only describes the author's calmness, but also adds a lot of interest to poetry.
The second sentence, "boundless scenery is new for a while", describes the initial impression obtained by watching spring scenery. "Infinite scenery" is the reverse order of the first sentence "winning the sun and seeking fragrance", which means the result of seeking fragrance. Use "boundless" to describe all the scenery in front of you. "A Moment of Novelty" not only describes the return of spring to the earth, the natural scenery is brand-new, but also describes the refreshing joy of the author during his outing. Here, we don't elaborate, we don't cut and paste on every grass, tree and stone, but we put pen to paper from a vast space.
The last two sentences describe the new situation in vivid language and express the gains from seeking fragrance. The word "knowledge" in the sentence inherits the word "search" in the first sentence. "You can easily know" means that the features and features of spring are easy to recognize. It means to win the day and find incense. I didn't expect endless income. Now that I have such a freshness, I can't help but rejoice. "Dongfeng Face" visualizes and personifies the breath and scenery of spring and puts the word "knowledge" into practice.
The last sentence "colorful is always spring" means that this colorful scene is made up of spring, from which people know and feel the beauty of spring. This specifically answers why we can "wait for the east wind". The "colorful" in this sentence is close to the "east wind" and far from the "boundless scenery", with dual rhetoric and strong imagery. Poetry ends with "it's always spring", and all autumn is in "spring day"
Literally, this poem seems to describe the impression of a spring outing, but the place to look for fragrance is the shore of Surabaya, which was occupied by Jin people in the Song Dynasty. Zhu has never been to the north, and of course it is impossible to swim to Surabaya in spring. In fact, the word "Surabaya" in the poem alludes to Confucius, because in the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius had sung a string of songs between Zhu and Si to teach his disciples. Therefore, the so-called "seeking incense" refers to the way of seeking saints. Boundless Scenery has a vast performance space, which reveals the poet's original intention of seeking the Holy Way through movies. "East wind" is a metaphor for enlightenment, and "colorful" is a metaphor for the richness of Confucianism. The poet compares the sage's way to the spring breeze that pushes the machine and ignites everything. This is actually a philosophical poem by the richest man, which combines reason with interest in the image. It is Zhu's genius to write philosophical poems without revealing traces.