Li Bai (70 1-762), the word Taibai, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty in China. He was born in Changlong County, Mianzhou, Jiannan Province (now jiangyou city, Sichuan Province). He said that his ancestral home was in Ji Cheng (now Qin 'an County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province). In addition, Guo Moruo said that Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born in the broken leaf city along the broken leaf river in Kyrgyzstan and belonged to Du Fu in Anxi in the Tang Dynasty.
He is known as "Poet Fairy", "Poet Hero", "Brewmaster" and "Immortal". He is the most outstanding poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and the greatest romantic poet in China history. Li Bai and Du Fu are collectively called "Du Li". Meng Haoran called it a fairy in the sky.
Tang Wenzong's poetry ode to Li Bai, Pei Min's sword dance and Zhang Xu's cursive script are collectively called "Three Musts".
In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai's poems and songs were selected into He Yueling's Album edited by Yin Gan, Tang Dynasty's Album written by Tang people, You Xuan's Album edited by Wei Zhuang and Talented Persons' Album edited by Gan Wei.
The works are rich in imagination, romantic and unrestrained, unique in artistic conception and brilliant; Poetry is fluent and natural. Li Bai's poems have been circulated for thousands of years, and many poems have become classics, such as "But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with swords, we are more worried when we raise our glasses". Li Bai's artistic achievements in poetry and song are regarded as the pinnacle of China's romantic poetry. Li Bai's poems are included in volumes 16 1 to 185. There is a collection of Li Taibai handed down from generation to generation.
Du Fu once commented on Li Bai's articles as follows: "The sound of poetry makes people cry" and "Bai Ye's poems are invincible and full of thoughts".
On March 2, 2065438, World Poetry Day, the United Nations Postal Service issued a set of stamps, and selected representative poems from six different languages, English, Spanish, Chinese, French, Arabic and Russian, and presented them on the stamp screen. China's poems are selected from Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night.
works
Li Bai wrote a lot of poems in his life, most of which have been lost, and only more than 900 poems have been circulated so far. His poetry creation involves a wide range of China classical poems, many of which have excellent works. And because of the different fate, the poetic style of each period is different.
style
Li Bai's poetic style is romantic and all-encompassing. He inherited the poetic revolution advocated by Chen Ziang, opposed formalism since Nanqi and Xiao Liang, and swept away the extravagance of writing style since the Southern Dynasties. Both in content and form, Tang poetry has been creatively developed.
Li Shifu's personality is strongly subjective and lyrical, and his content shows the rebellious spirit of despising vulgarity, resisting and not flattering the powerful, praising the ranger and the immortal way, and is known as "Poet Fairy", which is also called Li Bai in later generations.
Shi Li's poems are rich in imagination, peculiar in structure, extremely exaggerated, vivid in metaphor and full of myths and legends.
Li's poems praise the magnificent nature, and are good at describing and praising the mountains and rivers of the motherland. He disdains elaborate carving and double arrangement, but uses bold and unpredictable techniques and lines to impress and feel in his mind, create a unique artistic image and show an unparalleled style.
Li Bai is good at using the language of Yuefu folk songs, rarely carving, and is natural and frank. The use of Yuefu spirit and folk song language has reached an extremely mature and liberated stage.
Brief introduction of Su Shi
Su Shi (103765438+1October 8th-1August 24th, 2008), whose name is Zi Zhan, whose name is He Zhong, is Dongpo Jushi. Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan) was a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. He has made great achievements in poetry, ci, fu and prose, and is good at painting and calligraphy. He is a rare all-rounder in the history of literature and art in China, and he is also recognized as one of the most outstanding people in literature and art in China for thousands of years.
It is one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Si Long's prose and Ouyang Xiu are called Ou Su; Poetry and Huang Tingjian are called Su Huang and Lu You is called Sulu. Ci and Xin Qiji are collectively called Su Xin; Calligraphy ranked first among the "Four Masters" in the Northern Song Dynasty: Su, Huang, Mi and Cai. His paintings started the Huzhou School of Painting. Because there are many articles and characters in his works, the examination of his article propositions often appears in the scientific research of Song Dynasty.
Therefore, scholars at that time said, "Su Wen is ripe and eats mutton, Su Wensheng and vegetable soup". In the Southern Song Dynasty, Xiaozong lived in posthumous title for six years. The Complete Works of Su Wenzhong was written by Wang Zongji, a poet in the Song Dynasty.
During the political reform of Wang Anshi, the prime minister in power at that time, Su Shi opposed some of Wang Anshi's methods and policies, which made Wang Anshi and other reformers politically exclude Su Shi and angered the old school headed by Sima Guang because of his approval of the political reform. Su Shi, as a middle line, is not likable and is dubbed as "a belly is out of date".
all one's life
Created the "bold" style of ci poetry, and changed the vigorous style of ci poetry since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. Su Shi's ancient prose is also very famous, known as "Han Dynasty and Su Hai", just like Han Yu, the master of ancient prose. With his father Su Xun and his younger brother Su Zhe, they are also called "Su San", and the father and son are also one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is the author of Complete Works of Dongpo and Poems of Dongpo Yuefu.
Poetic style
Su Shi's poems and Huang Tingjian are both called "Su Huang". There are about 2,700 existing poems, with a wide range of contents and diverse styles, mainly bold and unconstrained. The poems that have the greatest influence on later generations are also poems that express life feelings and praise natural scenery, showing the characteristics of emphasizing reason and interest and being talkative in Song poetry. Drinking Chu Qingyu on the Lake describes the beauty of the West Lake: "The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are empty and rainy. Compared with West Lake and West Lake, it is always appropriate to make up for it. "
In March of the fourth year of Yuanfeng, Dongpo wrote a poem about Huangzhou cold food. This post is a two-sentence, five-character ancient style, with gloomy and vigorous poems, low sighs and great appeal. His calligraphy is vigorous and magnificent, which has a great influence on the history of calligraphy. Later generations are praised as "the third running script in the world" after Preface to Lanting and Mourning for My Nephew.
Huang Tingjian wrote an inscription after this post: "Dongpo's poems are like Li Taibai, lest they be too white. This book was written by Yan, Yang and Li Xitai. It is not necessarily the same as this book if Dongpo wants it back. Speaking of Dongpo or seeing this book, Ying Xiao Wo is honored where there is no Buddha. " Zhu bian's "Old News of Qu Yan": "After Dongpo's article arrived in Huangzhou, people were unparalleled, and only Huang Lu could argue; When crossing the sea in his later years, Lu Zhi fell behind. "
White said that poetry is immortal, and the ancient style is unparalleled; Du Fu's poems are sanctified, and the seven words of extension jade; Dongpo comes out late, and each body can be. If there is no topic, it will be better than poetry.
Ci style
There are more than 340 songs, such as Nian Nu Jiao, Nostalgia at Red Cliff, Water Turning around, When is the Moon, Dingfengbo and so on, which are widely read.
Su Shi expanded the content of his ci, and lyrical scenery, reasoning and nostalgia, feelings and other themes were all beyond his ci. Su Shi improved the artistic conception of ci, expanded and developed the realm of ci, improved the style and made bold ci. In addition, some works are elegant, ethereal, meaningful and even moving and charming.
Su Shi's ci style is bold and unconstrained (Wang Guowei said "Dongpo's ci is broad-minded"), and his ci is full of poetry, vigorous brushwork and distinctive personality, which shows the author's broad-minded and bright personality, full of lofty sentiments, high spirits, unrestrained feelings and rich and strange imagination.
In genre and melody, Su Shi doesn't like cutting melody, and the literary life of ci is more important than the life of music. Su Ci works are often well organized, and the content of the words, or the reason, time and place of writing the words, are clearly stated and the facts are clear.
According to legend, when Su Shi was a bachelor of Hanlin, he asked Corporal Mu, "What is my handwriting like Liu Qi?" Corporal Curtain replied: "Liu Langzhong's words are only girls of seventeen or eighteen, holding red fangs and singing' Xiao Feng's waning moon in Yang Liuan'. The bachelor's degree must be a big shot in Kansai, singing' the river that never returns' with a copper pipa and a shovel. "
work
Su Shi's existing literary works * * * have more than 2,700 poems, more than 3 million words and a large number of prose works.
The Theory of Criminal Loyalty was written in the second year of Jiayou (1057), which is the earliest famous work.
Southbound Collection, published in the fourth year of Jiayou (1059), was co-edited with my father and brother, with more than 40 poems, the earliest batch.
Su Shen Liang Fang is a modern biography of Shen Kuo based on Liang Fang and Su Shi's Miscellaneous Treatises on Medicine.
The earliest writing was written in the fifth year of Xining (1072).
His poems include Seven Chapters of Dongpo, Dongpo Collection and Dongpo Ci.
There are some books that have been handed down, such as Essays by Teacher Xie, Essays in Memory of the Yellow River, Poems on Cold Food in Huangzhou, Poems on Xilin Wall, Drinking Rain after Chu Qing on the Lake.
Paintings include "Strange Stone Map of Dead Trees" and "Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Map".
Due to the admiration of Emperor Gaozong and Xiaozong in the Southern Song Dynasty, a number of works such as Su Wenzhong's Poems and Su Wenzhong's Complete Works were compiled and published in the Song Dynasty. The Complete Works of Su Wenzhong, also known as the Complete Works of Dongpo, can be divided into two categories.
One is diversity compilation, which is called Dongpo's seven-volume edition, and also marked Dongpo's complete works, that is, Dongpo's forty volumes, the last twenty volumes, fifteen volumes of recitation, ten volumes of internal production, three volumes of external production, and four volumes of Tao poetry collected by imperial edict, all of which came from Su Shi's original intention and were gained by later generations, so they are popular in China. One is classified and co-edited, called the Complete Works of Dongpo.
An Analysis of the Summaries of Siku said: "The classification and co-editing began with the English version of Jushi, and the so-called complete works of the Song Dynasty used this example." He also said: "The complete works of the Song Dynasty were engraved by Masha Bookstore."